Basic Introduction Chinese Name: puncak jaya English Name: Puncak Jaya Alias: Su Jianuo Peak Kastenshi Peak belongs to the mountain system: Central new guinea Mountain Range Location: The elevation of the main peak in Papua Province, Indonesia: 4884m: Basic information, formation and evolution, mountaineering activities, environmental characteristics, matters needing attention, basic information-Puncakjaya, the highest peak in Oceania, Indonesian Puncak Jaya, formerly known as Puntjak Su Jianuo and Gunung Carstensz or Mount Carstensz. It is the highest peak in the Indonesian province of Papua and the highest peak in new guinea, with an altitude of 4,884 meters. It belongs to the Sudirman Mountains, in the west of the central plateau of new guinea, in which Ngga Palu is the highest point in the southwest Pacific Ocean and the highest point among the islands in the world. 1909, the Dutchman Hendrik A. Lorentz first arrived in the snowfield of puncak jaya. 1962, Austrian climber Heinrich Harrer led an expedition to the summit. The formation and evolution of puncak jaya in puncak jaya, new guinea, Oceania is related to the subduction and collision of the passive edge of the northern Australian continent under the Melanesian island arc since Miocene. Since 2.8 million years, the rock in puncak jaya has been uplifted by 7000m, with a uplift rate of 2.5mm/year and a denudation rate of 0.7mm/year. According to Carboniferous-Permian dating on the southern slope of puncak jaya, the uplift range of rocks has been 6,500 meters, the uplift speed is 2.88 mm/year and the denudation rate is 65,438 0.7 mm/year since 2.3 million years ago. Further south, it may be the distribution area of Precambrian greenschist, with a faster erosion rate and a denudation depth of 9000m, which is the deepest denudation area in the whole island. It is this intense cutting and denudation that makes puncak jaya the highest peak in Oceania under the strong influence of balanced uplift. Climbing the highest mountain on seven continents in the spectacular puncak jaya has always been the goal of many climbers. However, due to the different understanding of the location of the seven continents, there are several different versions of the highest mountain in the seven continents, and the international climbing community recognizes climbers who have completed any version. The most controversial issue comes from whether the definition of the seventh continent is Australia or Oceania. Because puncak jaya is very close to the Australian mainland in geological structure, there is even a continental shelf connection line. In addition, New Guinea is closer to Australia than New Zealand. According to many geographers, it should belong to the Australian mainland. This contradiction is because Oceania is earlier than Australia. If you look at Australia, the highest peak is Kosciusko. The altitude is 2228 meters. If we look at Oceania, the highest peak is Puncak Jaya, which is located at 4,884 meters above sea level in Papua province, Indonesia. Many people simply climb both to achieve the final Grand Slam, the highest peak on seven continents. Since 200 1, due to independence and local conflicts, Papua has imposed a blockade on puncak jaya. It was not reopened until the end of 2005. The local * * * is very strict about foreign tourists entering this area. The local economy is controlled by the copper mines of American companies, and sometimes it conflicts with local aborigines, which makes the ground transportation in puncak jaya impossible to guarantee. In fact, climbing puncak jaya is more of an adventure, and there are many obstacles just entering the mountain. Going to the base camp by helicopter, affected by the climate, some teams waited for more than ten days before flying into the mountains; Walking into the mountains from the north and crossing the tropical jungle, the journey is about 100 km. It takes six days to reach the base camp, and it is difficult to March, but also to resist the attacks of various tropical insects and diseases. The third way is to borrow a copper mine, drive 105km from Timika town in the south to the zebra wall at the end of the mining area, and then walk there. Tourists and climbers are not allowed to enter or pass through the mining area. They must use the night to sneak into the mining area, just like smugglers. Mountaineers display the flag of the Beijing Olympic Games at the top of the mountain. More than 40 climbers all over the world have climbed the peaks of seven continents. On February 24th, 2006, at 8:00 am, China mountaineers Wang Shi, Cao Jun, Lu and his party successfully reached the peak of Fenggu. Environmental characteristics puncak jaya Mountain, the highest peak in Oceania: mysterious Chaya. Puncak jaya is the highest peak in Papua province and new guinea. This mountain peak is covered with snow all year round. Due to the historical reasons of geographical boundaries, both Kosciuszko Peak and Punchak puncak jaya can be regarded as the highest peaks in Oceania. Puncak jaya is located on an island in Indonesia, bordering Papua New Guinea. Due to the unstable political situation, the mountain has been closed to climbers and travelers. Therefore, climbers generally choose Kosciusko as the highest peak in Oceania, and people gradually climb it until puncak jaya is opened. Players have cliffs on both sides. Indonesians call puncak jaya Pengkaikejaya, the pinnacle of victory. 1962, Shiricha Han Li climbed this mountain for the first time. This remote and mysterious mountain has great attraction for climbers, because there you can see the changes of vegetation from tropical to cold zone and the changes of ancient human life. The cannibal tribes in the rainforest below the mountain once cast a mysterious and strange color on this mountain. Puncak jaya's climb can be described as "mystery" in one word. Kim Bao Fei said that his trip to Poncsak has gone through too many firsts, the first time he experienced turbulent political situation, the first time he climbed mountains disguised as "miners and armed soldiers" and the first time he experienced real rock climbing. The meaning of "underground" for Bao Fei to experience this kind of rock climbing for the first time is very abstract, and it became concrete after climbing Chaya Peak. Although this is a completely "dwarf" mountain, it takes a day to reach the top, but it is the most expensive adventure. Puncak jaya is also the most mysterious. Because the local situation is unpredictable, climbers need to make a makeover and dress up to reach the camp. In addition, it is shameful for foreign consortia and local consortia to collect money crazily at the foot of the mountain. Note 1. Unlike other peaks, puncak jaya is located near the equatorial line. The hot climate makes the mountain peaks almost free of ice and snow. So mountaineering can't use ice and snow as before, and it must be changed to rock work. In the past, China mountaineers aimed at climbing Mount Everest, and they were familiar with ice and snow technology, but they were not as skilled in rock operation as ice and snow. Second, puncak jaya also has a "second step". It is understood that this mountain has a straight wall more than 50 meters long, and the rock difficulty coefficient is 5.9, which is similar to the second step on the north side of Mount Everest. In spring, a Hong Kong mountaineer and a European mountaineering team climbed the mountain together. Only half of them went up and the other half failed. The reason is that they were blocked by puncak jaya's "second step". Third, it is hot and humid, and the climate is changeable, which is easy to breed mosquitoes. Due to the tropical climate, Puncak jaya has become a breeding ground for mosquitoes. Skin diseases, gastrointestinal diseases and tropical diseases are common diseases. Disease prevention has become a major feature of this mountaineering, unlike the previous mountaineering, which only needs antifreeze. Fourth, there are too many unknown factors. Puncak jaya is a closed mountain peak. Because it is not open to the outside world, people mostly listen to hearsay and have little first-hand information about it.