To evaluate whether leucorrhea is normal, we should observe it from the aspects of quantity, color, texture and smell. Normal leucorrhea should be milky white or colorless and transparent, slightly fishy or tasteless; Its secretion and texture are affected by the level of estrogen and progesterone in the body and change periodically with the menstrual cycle. Generally, leucorrhea after menstrual period is less; Before ovulation, due to the increase of estrogen level in the body, the epithelial cells of cervical glands proliferate, the secretion of cervical mucus increases, and the content of sodium chloride in the mucus increases, which can absorb more water, so that the leucorrhea increases during ovulation, the quality is thin, the color is clear, the appearance is like egg white, and it can be stretched into silk; After ovulation, the level of estrogen gradually decreased, the level of progesterone increased, the secretion of cervical mucus was inhibited, and the content of sodium chloride in mucus also decreased, making the leucorrhea sticky, milky, poor ductility and easy to break. In addition, some physiological phenomena, such as pregnancy and oral contraceptives, will increase leucorrhea, which is also related to the changes of estrogen and progesterone levels in the body.
If leucorrhea usually increases without reason, or accompanied by changes in color, texture and smell, you should be vigilant. Common reasons for the increase of leucorrhea are:
① When suffering from fungal vaginitis, leucorrhea is yellow or white, most of which is viscous and sometimes thin, and the typical leucorrhea is tofu residue or milky white block;
② The leucorrhea of trichomonal vaginitis is thin pus-like, yellow and frothy, or rice swill-like gray odor;
③ When cervical erosion occurs, leucorrhea is generally yellow, thick as pus and tasteless;
④ The leucorrhea of gonorrhea is yellow pus-like;
(5) When suffering from pelvic inflammatory disease such as endometritis, leucorrhea will also increase, and the yellow color is thin, often accompanied by abdominal pain;
(6) When suffering from fallopian tube cancer, because the tumor stimulates the exudation of fallopian tube epithelium, the diseased tissue is necrotic, and watery leucorrhea will appear continuously.
So, is it abnormal to reduce leucorrhea? Yes, if the leucorrhea of women of childbearing age is reduced to the point where it can't meet people's physiological needs, so that patients often feel the vulva is dry and uncomfortable, it is a pathological state, which is often caused by the decline of ovarian function and the decrease of sex hormone secretion. Postmenopausal women often feel that the vulva is dry and there is no secretion in the vagina. This is a normal phenomenon, which is caused by ovarian atrophy and obvious reduction of sex hormone secretion.
Furthermore, we should also pay attention to the color change of leucorrhea. Leucorrhea caused by general inflammation is colorful yellow; Leucorrhea refers to leucorrhea with bloodshot or pale pink, which may appear in diseases such as cervicitis, vaginitis, bleeding with ring or cervical cancer.
Normal leucorrhea is white, mushy and tasteless. If ovulation is near, leucorrhea is clear and transparent, showing egg white-like, which is relatively large. Leucorrhea after ovulation is white, turbid, thick and few.
Eight common causes of irregular menstruation
"Come or not, more and less" is menstrual disorder. The so-called menstrual disorder means that menstruation does not follow the normal cycle, but there are actually many different types of menstrual disorder-menorrhea: it means irregular menstrual bleeding with few times; Monthly frequency: representing too many times; Menstruation: refers to menstrual bleeding that lasts too long and has a large amount, but the menstrual cycle is regular; Hypomenorrhea: refers to a small amount of menstrual bleeding, but the menstrual cycle interval is normal.
The most common cause of menstrual disorder is hormonal imbalance, and others may be caused by organ diseases.
1. Hormone imbalance:
This is the most common cause of uterine bleeding, especially for young girls and menopausal women. Because of anovulatory bleeding caused by hormonal imbalance, menstrual disorder occurs at menarche or near menopause.
In addition, it will also cause the infinite growth of the endometrium, making it grow to the thickness of the endometrium that the uterus itself can't bear, resulting in breakthrough bleeding. Therefore, the initial menstrual flow is often small and dark brown, which will evolve into a large amount of bleeding with the increase of time.
2. Coagulation difficulties:
For example, people who lack platelets or leukemia will be unable to stop bleeding because of coagulation dysfunction after menstruation, resulting in a considerable amount of menstruation.
3. Thyroid problems:
If the thyroid function is too low or too high, it will cause ovarian dysfunction and menstrual disorder.
4. Poor liver function:
Poor liver function will slow down female hormone secretion, cause endometrial hyperplasia and cause abnormal bleeding.
5. Pregnancy:
Abnormal bleeding will occur in the first trimester because of problems with implantation or endometrial support during pregnancy. At this time, we should be on guard against premature delivery or miscarriage.
6. Malignant tumor:
Such as cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer and some tumors that secrete female hormones, lead to endometrial hyperplasia and menstrual disorder, or direct bleeding due to tumor invasion of the cervix.
7. Uterine neoplasms:
This is the second common cause of uterine bleeding. For example, uterine polyps, uterine fibroids, adenomas, etc. Will cause excessive menstrual blood. For some submucosal uterine fibroids or endometrial polyps, there is often a lot of bleeding.
8. Foreign bodies remain in vagina or uterus:
Foreign bodies remaining in the uterus can cause irritation to the endometrium, so people with menstrual disorders and contraceptive devices may want to consider taking out the contraceptive device to see if it will return to normal.
Irregular menstruation refers to menstrual changes caused by various reasons, including the advance and delay of menarche age, changes in cycle, menstrual period and menstrual volume, which is one of the most common symptoms of gynecological diseases.
There are two main reasons for irregular menstruation:
1, neuroendocrine dysfunction: mainly the function of the lower brain-tea cup-ovary axis is unstable or defective, that is, menstrual disease.
2. Caused by organic diseases or drugs: including local inflammation of reproductive organs, tumors, dysplasia and malnutrition; Intracranial diseases; Other endocrine dysfunction such as thyroid, adrenal skin retention dysfunction, diabetes, Sheehan's disease, etc. Liver disease; Blood diseases, etc. Use drugs to treat mental illness; Endocrine preparations or intrauterine devices may cause irregular menstruation. Some professions, such as long-distance runners, are prone to amenorrhea. In addition, some abnormal bleeding during pregnancy is often mistaken for irregular menstruation.
Clinical diagnosis of menstrual disorder with neuroendocrine dysfunction must exclude the above-mentioned organic reasons.
Those days of every month are very troublesome days for women. A regular and painless life is not bad, but it is even more annoying for female friends not to "do things" according to the rules. After menstrual disorder, many women only consider gynecological diseases such as uterine hypoplasia, acute and chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, uterine fibroids, and ignore life factors. As everyone knows, many bad habits that you often don't realize may be the culprit leading to menstrual disorders.
Checking your bad lifestyle and habits is the premise of completely saying goodbye to menstrual disorders!
The culprit: stress
The daily pace of work makes Li Na, 25, in a hurry. Once, Li Na was surprised to find that her "good friend" who had just left for more than ten days came again. Why twice a month? Think about it carefully, menstruation has not been "regular" for a long time, sometimes in advance, sometimes later, and the amount is more than before.
After ruling out the possibility of organic diseases, the doctor asked about Li Na's life and told her for sure that long-term stress caused mental stress, which made her endocrine disorders and changed her menstrual rules.
Expert analysis: If women of childbearing age are under pressure for a long time, they will inhibit the function of pituitary gland, so that the ovaries will no longer secrete female hormones and ovulate, and menstruation will begin to be disordered. Similarly, long-term depression, sulking or bad mood can also affect menstruation.
Tips
1. Relieve mental stress and do some whole-body exercises, such as swimming and running, once or twice a week for 30 minutes each time.
2. Eat more stress-reducing vegetables, such as bananas, cabbages, potatoes, shrimp, chocolate, ham, corn, tomatoes, etc.
The second culprit: greed.
Yan Xu is a girl who likes to dress up. Even in winter, she often wears thin clothes, belonging to a typical beauty-obsessed family, and wants manners rather than temperature. Besides, like many city girl, she eats ice cream in cold winter. Yan Xu went her own way and stopped menstruating on time, sometimes once a month or two, and the amount was much less than before.
Expert analysis: Women who suffer from cold during menstruation will contract the blood vessels in the pelvic cavity, leading to ovarian dysfunction, which can cause too little menstrual flow and even amenorrhea.
Tips
1. Avoid cold and dampness during menstruation, avoid getting wet, wading, swimming, drinking cold drinks, etc. Especially to prevent the lower body from catching cold and keep warm.
2. Add green onions, beans, pumpkins, garlic, ginger, chestnuts, oranges and other foods to the recipe; In addition, vinegar, sauce, vegetable oil, pepper, pepper and other seasonings, as well as stewed beef, chicken soup, etc., all have a certain effect on irregular menstruation caused by this situation.
The third culprit: electromagnetic waves
Pagers, mobile phones, business communications, one can not be less; DV machine, electric wok, cordless phone, vacuum cleaner ... Ayun's life is surrounded by electrical appliances. But Ayun's "good friends" don't listen to her instructions like these appliances, and they often have short time and irregular attack time, which makes Ayun very angry.
Expert analysis: various household appliances and electronic equipment will produce different electromagnetic waves during use. These electromagnetic waves will have adverse effects on women's endocrine and reproductive functions for a long time, leading to endocrine disorders and menstrual disorders.
Tips
1. Take precautions when operating the computer daily.
2. It is a safer choice to install hands-free on the mobile phone. Of course, it is best not to use the mobile phone for a long time.
3. Use the microwave oven less, and don't put the refrigerator in the bedroom. Pay attention to the scientific use of electrical appliances, try to avoid using multiple electrical appliances at the same time, and the continuous use time should not be too long and the frequency should not be too frequent.
4. Eating carrots, bean sprouts, tomatoes, lean meat, animal livers and other foods rich in vitamins A, C and protein, and drinking some green tea often can effectively prevent and reduce the harm of electromagnetic pollution to human body.
The fourth culprit: constipation
Julie works in a foreign company with a fast pace. Lunch is usually ordered to take out or settled in a nearby fast food restaurant. Most of the food she eats is staple food and meat, and there are few fruits and vegetables. Gradually, Julie became constipated, and then her regular menstruation began to make trouble. Julie doesn't understand: Does abnormal menstruation have anything to do with eating fast food?
Expert analysis: constipation may lead to menstrual disorders in women. When the stool in the rectum is too full, the cervix will be pushed forward and the uterus will lean backward. If uterine retroversion occurs repeatedly for a long time, the veins in the broad ligament will be blocked by compression, and the uterine wall will be congested and lose elasticity. If the uterus is in the posterior position for a long time, there will be low back pain and menstrual disorder.
Tips
1. Sweet prescription: Take a spoonful of sesame oil and a spoonful of honey and take it after stirring, which can moisten the stomach and promote gastrointestinal peristalsis.
2. Drinking one or two bowls of hot vegetable soup on an empty stomach every morning has a significant effect on constipation.
Eucommia ulmoides tea is a good drink for constipation, which can relieve constipation and reduce fat. Drinking lemon juice every morning and evening or after meals can improve gastrointestinal digestion, lose weight and soften stools.
4. Walnuts, yogurt and dried prunes are all laxative snacks; Eating less coffee and more bananas can also promote defecation, but excessive consumption will be self-defeating.
The fifth biggest culprit: drug abuse
Eiko usually likes to catch a cold and cough. In order to recover quickly, she always takes a lot of medicine, and sometimes the doctor injects her with antibiotics. It got better soon at first, but later "low-grade drugs" didn't work, so we had to use more advanced and updated antibiotics. At the same time, she found that her menstruation began to be delayed.
Expert analysis: Abuse or frequent use of antibiotics can lead to menstrual disorders, anovulation and amenorrhea in women. This may be because drugs inhibit and hurt people's own resistance, leading to physical dysfunction.
Tips
1. Good autoimmunity will help you resist ailments.
2. Don't "upgrade" antibiotics casually. Once the high-level antibiotics are used, the low-level antibiotics will not work, because bacteria have developed resistance to them. Therefore, it is necessary to ask the doctor about the medication and be cautious about "upgrading".
The sixth culprit: disco dancing
Wang is a practitioner of urban fashion life. He often goes to disco with friends or colleagues after work and enjoys it. After staying in the deafening music environment for a long time, my hearing seems to decline, but to Kelly's surprise, the menstrual cycle has also changed. Sometimes the interval is long, sometimes it is short. What's going on here?
Expert analysis: Noise will lead to female dysfunction, which will adversely affect menstruation and fertility.
Tips
Try to choose a quiet place to meet and reduce contact noise. You can shorten the time of visiting the disco every time, or have a party in your own home.
The culprit seven: smoking.
Lulu often smokes cigars, so does Morgan. Later, she went to the hospital for several months because of irregular menstruation. Finally, the doctor gave her a prescription: give up smoking. This surprised her immensely.
Expert analysis: Nicotine in tobacco will reduce the secretion of sex hormones, thus interfering with physiological processes related to menstruation and causing irregular menstruation. Women who smoke more than 1 pack a day are three times more likely to have irregular menstruation than non-smoking women.
Tips
1. Get rid of bad habits and quit smoking decisively.
2. properly supplement vitamin C. Vitamin c can reduce the harm of smoking to the body. You can take some pills, or eat more oranges, oranges, kiwis and other fruits.
Avoid eating when treating irregular menstruation.
1. Fruits: melons (watermelon, emerald, cantaloupe, cantaloupe), oranges, pears, tomatoes, coconuts, carambola, grapefruit, lychee, mango, banana, longan, etc.
Please eat as little as possible the above cold or dried fruits, and avoid eating during menstruation.
2. Cold drinks and frozen foods (pudding, jelly, etc.). After 30 minutes, take less after cooling. )
◎ There are generally no restrictions on hot coffee and hot tea.
3. Vegetables: radish, water spinach, Chinese cabbage, bitter gourd, etc. These vegetables are generally cooked with ingredients such as onion, garlic, ginger and lobster sauce, and their coldness has declined, so all the above vegetables can be eaten.
(two) the usual precautions for the treatment of irregular menstruation
1. Please get into the exercise habit. Exercise can enhance physical strength, promote blood circulation and reduce the time of taking medicine.
2. After water activities or general sports, please dry your body and clothes quickly, and don't be greedy for cooling and blowing; If you accidentally get caught in the rain, blow dry your hair as soon as possible and change clothes to keep warm; Water activities should be avoided during menstruation.
3. Daily routine-don't stay up late, so as not to affect the circadian rhythm and endocrine coordination.
4. Emotions remain calm, and anxiety can also cause ovarian dysfunction.
(3) Matters needing attention in the treatment of irregular menstruation
1. The course of treatment for irregular menstruation is three months, and the menstrual cycle is observed after stopping taking medicine in the fourth month. Generally, taking medicine regularly can return to normal after a course of treatment.
2. During the treatment of irregular menstruation, if you catch a cold, please stop taking menstrual drugs and wait until you catch a cold.
3. During the treatment of irregular menstruation, if you take other drugs (Baifeng Pill, Siwu Decoction, etc.). ), please tell your doctor.
4. After menstruation returns to normal, please control cold fruits and cold drinks specially to avoid recurrence.
It takes a long time to regulate menstruation, so please take the medicine patiently.