1. Bear the pressure from the sleeper and transfer it evenly to the subgrade surface.

2. Provide the lateral resistance of the track and keep the track stable.

3. Provide track elasticity to slow down and absorb the impact and vibration of wheel and rail.

4. Provide good drainage performance, improve subgrade bearing capacity and reduce subgrade diseases.

5. It is convenient for track maintenance and alignment.

Extended data:

On July 29th, 2020, the world's first railway ballast dust collector with independent intellectual property rights was successfully used in the tunnel from Yuanping South of Huang Shuo Railway of National Energy Group to Shihekou of Huifeng, and 35 tons of coal ash was sucked out in 1.5 hours, which successfully filled the technical gap that the railway ballast dust pollution in China and even the world was replaced by manual cleaning by large machinery.

The dust pollution of railway ballast bed has long plagued heavy-haul railway transportation, affecting the elasticity of ballast bed, tunnel drainage, track circuit characteristics and the life of electrical equipment, and there are many harmful gases, and the working environment in the tunnel is poor, which affects the health of employees.

Huang Shuo Railway passes through Hengshan Mountain, Yunzhongshan Mountain and Taihang Mountain. There are 77 tunnels, with a total length of 66.367km. With the annual traffic volume of Huang Shuo Railway kept above 300 million tons in recent years, the coal ash deposition in the tunnels increased year by year, which seriously affected the equipment maintenance and transportation safety.

According to reports, in order to solve this problem, starting from 20 1 1, Huang Shuo Railway Company, together with China Railway Construction High-tech Equipment Co., Ltd., china academy of railway sciences Group Co., Ltd., Chongqing Research Institute of China Coal Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd. and other equipment manufacturing and scientific research institutions, has developed a large-scale ballast suction vehicle with independent intellectual property rights after nine years of repeated tests.

Baidu encyclopedia-track bed

People's Network-The world's first railway track bed sewage suction train was put into operation in Huang Shuo Railway of National Energy Group.