Cultivation method of Ilex (basic knowledge): the best growing soil: Ilex is suitable for planting in wet and semi-shady places, likes fertile soil, and is suitable for growing in fertile and humid acid soil with good drainage. It can also grow well in general soil and has no strict requirements on the environment.
Growth humidity requirements: Holly is not drought-tolerant, and sufficient water should be supplied during the vigorous growth period in spring and autumn to keep the basin soil moist. When the temperature is high in summer and autumn, we should pay more attention not to let the substrate be too dry, otherwise it will lead to a lot of fallen leaves.
Optimum growth temperature: Ilex likes cool and humid environment, and the optimum growth temperature is 7- 13 1C in April, +0 165438 in June and 4-7x in March of the following year. It is cold-resistant, and can withstand the low temperature of 3X: in winter. Dr. Will's Prince Heather's cold resistance is a little poor, but he can also withstand the low temperature of 0 * C and avoid high temperature. In summer, measures such as shading, strengthening ventilation and spraying foliar water frequently are taken to reduce the temperature.
Optimum growth light: when the light is particularly strong, open the sunshade net to avoid the high temperature brought by strong light and affect the growth speed of seedlings. After 4 pm, when the light is weak, the sunshade net should be put away. However, it should be noted that the sunshade net, like the shade shed, can bring a comfortable environment to plants.
Matters needing attention in Ilex cultivation: fertilization: the seedlings planted in that year can grow naturally by watering once, and watering once every 15 days according to the water content. Combined with intertillage weeding, topdressing 65,438+0 ~ 2 times in spring and autumn is appropriate, and nitrogen-based dilute liquid fertilizer is generally applied.
Key points of watering: Holly likes to be wet, but too much water will cause Holly to get sick, so the water of Holly must be controlled well. Holly can be sprayed with water every day, and the best time for spraying water is 8:00- 10 every morning.
Pruning essentials: Holly shoots many times a year and grows branches, which is extremely resistant to pruning. It should be pruned once in summer, and it can be pruned into a flat shape or a spherical shape or a conical shape in autumn according to different greening needs, and the branches should be properly thinned to maintain a certain crown-shaped branching state. Measures such as piling up soil to prevent cold can be taken in cold places in winter.
Breeding points: mainly sowing and cutting.
Sowing: after the fruit is ripe in autumn, harvest it, grind off the peel, wash it clean, accelerate the seed germination with low temperature stratification of wet sand, and sow it before March of the following spring. Seedling growth is slow, so it should be carefully maintained and managed. Holly seeds usually germinate every other year if they don't germinate.
Cutting: In rainy season, it is advisable to use the tender cuttings, the length of which is 6 ~ 8 cm, and the lower leaves are cut off, leaving only L ~ 2 leaves and short cuttings, with the cutting depth of 1/2. After cutting, it is necessary to use sandy soil as the substrate, build a shed for shade, spray water frequently to keep moisture, and take root after about 1 month. First, we can cut obliquely from the middle and upper part of the crown, take 5 ~ 10 cm long and vigorous lateral branches to cut off the lower leaflets, and keep all the upper leaves. Then it is treated with rooting powder, cut off and cut into seedbeds. The seedbed should be selected in a ventilated and shade-tolerant place, or it can be cut in shade, with high survival rate.
Pest control: Leaf spot is the main disease of Ilex, which can be controlled by carbendazim and chlorothalonil.
Experience in cultivating Holly: Holly has lush foliage and evergreen seasons. Because of its beautiful tree shape and green leaves, it is the first choice for park fence greening, so it is planted in the garden for beautification, so many people want to cultivate Holly at home. Let's summarize the experience of maintaining holly:
1. Holly is suitable for planting in wet and semi-cloudy places, likes fertile soil and can grow well in general soil. Generally, it is applied with nitrogen-based dilute liquid fertilizer.
2. Holly trees germinate and grow branches many times a year, which is extremely resistant to pruning. It should be pruned once in summer, and it can be pruned into a flat shape or a spherical shape or a conical shape in autumn according to different greening needs, and the branches should be properly thinned to maintain a certain crown-shaped branching state.
3. Measures such as piling soil to prevent cold can be taken in cold places in winter. Pay attention to the growth light and temperature, and pay attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases. As long as you master the relevant knowledge points, you can cultivate beautiful plants.