First, how to grow persimmons?
1, seedling selection
Persimmon trees are most suitable for calcareous soil and neutral or slightly acidic soil. First, it is advisable to choose places with fertile and loose soil, low groundwater level, good drainage and leeward sunshine, select new varieties identified by departments at or above the provincial level and suitable for local cultivation and promotion, or select varieties with long local cultivation history and good growth and sales. The survival rate of seedlings cultivated by 1-2-year-old grafted seedlings is high. Seedling elevation 1m or more * ground diameter 1.2cm * The main root length is above 20cm, and the lateral root 15 or more. The interface is good, robust and free from pests and diseases.
2, seedling planting
Before planting, dig a big pit, borrow soil and apply sufficient fertilizer to create favorable conditions for root system development. The planting density is 4*5m, and the height, width and depth of the pit are1* 0.8 * 0.6m. The persimmon seedlings are mainly planted when they begin to sprout in spring to avoid freezing injury, and three pieces are planted for the first time.
3. Soil, fertilizer and water management
Persimmon tree is a deep-rooted tree. Only by expanding holes, improving soil and increasing fertilizer can trees thrive. Persimmon trees are prone to root rot in acidic soil, and should be improved when the PH value is too low. Persimmon trees put into production should be enlarged and improved in winter. When backfilling topsoil, each plant should be applied with 50 kg pig and cow fertilizer or 65,438+0-65,438+6.5 kg calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and then mixed with topsoil to fill the lower layer. High-yield trees should be fertilized with enough pure nitrogen.
4, plastic pruning
Pruning persimmon trees in winter is conducive to early fruiting of young trees, high and stable yield of adult trees and rejuvenation of old trees. Winter pruning is generally carried out after defoliation and before germination in the following spring. Young trees are pruned with 3-4 suitable branches as the backbone branches, which are generally not shortened, and the weak branches and strong branches in the same direction are removed nearby. At present, many main branches are generally natural, and the central trunk is temporarily reserved during plastic surgery, and 1/2-6550 is pruned every year. Once the crown is formed, the central trunk should be cut off. The pruning of old trees should adjust the angle of main branches, balance internal and external growth, and combine thinning with internal branch cultivation. In addition, more reserve branches should be left. Every year, the bearing branch or 1/3 bearing mother branch should be shortened as a backup branch, so that it can bear fruit every other year to prolong the bearing life. Because the hidden buds of persimmon trees have long life and strong germination ability, the pruning of old trees can be updated many times to maintain the tree potential.
5, pest control
Clear the garden in winter to reduce the base of overwintering pests and diseases. Combined with pruning in winter, the diseased stems, dead branches and fallen leaves of diseased fruits are thoroughly cleaned, and the source of overwintering pests and diseases is removed. Before germination in spring, spray 5% sulfur mixture or 95% oil emulsion 150 times to control main pests such as persimmon scale, persimmon stem worm, grasshopper and so on. On the basis of the above control, 5- 10 can be used to scrape the old bark.
2. When will the persimmon ripen?
The ripening season of persimmon is around 10. However, different varieties have different ripening times and different fruit shapes, such as spherical, almond-shaped, nearly conical and square, and their colors range from light orange to dark orange. Especially famous varieties are the best persimmon in North China, lotus persimmon and mirror persimmon in Hebei and Shandong, yellow persimmon in Jingyang and Sanyuan in Shaanxi, and pointed persimmon in Fuping in Shaanxi.
Summary: The above is the introduction of persimmon planting method and ripening time. Growers can refer to the above planting methods and mature time for planting, hoping to help friends in need!