Several large buds at the top of the fruit branch produce strong branches, and the small lateral buds below produce weak branches. These weak branches become weak and die after one or two years due to the vigorous production of the top branches, so the middle and lower parts of the main branches often become branchless light bands after formation. To avoid this phenomenon, it is necessary to control the top advantage and promote the long branch fruiting through shaping and pruning.
Chestnut likes light very much, and its light compensation point is higher than that of peach, persimmon and mandarin orange. When the tree stands upright, the crown of the tree is sunken, and the illumination in the inner room is not good, which makes the fruit position move outward. Therefore, it is required to open the angle of the main branch during plastic surgery, so that the illumination in the inner room is sufficient, thus slowing down the polar growth and promoting the robust growth of the lower branch.
Young chestnut trees grow vigorously, and it is easy to form a big crown in adulthood. The larger the crown, the larger the internal shading range and the larger the invalid volume of the crown, so the yield per unit area of Daguan chestnut garden is not high.
Chestnut trees consume more nutrients when they bloom and bear fruit. After a large number of fruits are hung, the tree's nutritional reserves are insufficient, and small-year fruits will appear in the second year. The annual phenomenon is more obvious than that of other fruit trees. During pruning, attention should be paid to controlling the surplus of fruiting mother branches to avoid excessive consumption of nutrients in the tree body, so as to maintain the stability of yield and tree potential.
The latent buds of chestnut have a long life, but they do not germinate at ordinary times. Under the stimulation of cutting short, drying and removing big branches, the latent buds of old trunk have strong germination ability and fast growth speed, reaching 1 year 1 ~ 2 meters. If not controlled, the tree will be disordered, which will affect the extension of the main branches. Dormant buds of seedling trees will grow in different parts of the crown. The growth of budding hidden shoots in the middle and upper part of the crown is moderate, and the fruiting branches can be extracted in 1 ~ 2 years.
The fruiting part of chestnut trees is generally at the top of branches, and the fruiting branches sprout from several large buds (that is, mixed buds of male and female) at the top of the mother branches. Most of the small lateral buds below have male flower branches or form "nodes", and the small buds at the base generally do not germinate. If the mother branch is cut short, most branches will bear little or no fruit. Based on this feature, most varieties and strains adopt thinning rather than short cutting. Of course, there are also a few varieties that can produce fruit branches after the mother branches are cut short. For chestnut trees that are not suitable for short cutting, the pruning method of alternating length and length can be adopted, which can not only receive the results, but also control the outward movement of the results.