After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in July, 1937, the Eighth Route Army 1 15 Division was dispatched by the CPC Central Committee to advance into Wutai Mountain area and launch guerrilla warfare against Japan behind enemy lines. After the victory of Pingxingguan, the main force of the division went south and established the Jinchaji Military Region headed by Nie. After eight years of bloody fighting, it starts from Tongpu Road in the east, reaches Zheng Tai and Shide Road in the north, reaches Zhangjiakou, Duolun, Ningcheng and Jinzhou in the south, and reaches the 800,000-square-kilometer Jinchaji Liberated Area in the Bohai Sea in the west, becoming one of the largest liberated areas under the leadership of China Producers' Party. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, according to the needs of the development of the war situation,1In May 948, the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region was abolished and the North China Military Region was established. In War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, the Party, government, army and people in the whole region made great sacrifices and contributions to the liberation of the Chinese nation and the establishment of new China.

1948 In the autumn, when Commander-in-Chief Zhu De visited Shijiazhuang, he proposed to use the former site of Victory Park at that time to establish a martyrs cemetery to commemorate the revolutionary martyrs who died in North China. Subsequently, the Central North China Bureau, the North China Administrative Committee and the North China Military Region decided to build a martyrs cemetery in the North China Military Region. 1950 officially started in March. Party and state leaders Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, Liu Bocheng, Deng Xiaoping, He Long, Chen Yi, Xu and Nie wrote inscriptions for the cemetery. /kloc-0 was completed in June, 1953, and a grand inauguration ceremony was held in August, 1954. Representatives from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Central North China Bureau, the North China Administrative Committee, the North China Military Region and party and government organs in Hebei, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region attended the meeting. The establishment of the Martyrs Cemetery in the North China Military Region fully embodies the deep memory of the people of North China for the revolutionary ancestors who died fighting in the land of North China. The Martyrs Cemetery in North China Military Region is one of the martyrs cemeteries with early construction, large scale and high plastic arts in China. The Martyrs Cemetery in North China Military Region was listed as a national key martyrs memorial building protection unit by the State Council in 1986, as a patriotic education base in Hebei Province by the provincial party committee and government in 1995, and as a patriotic education base in primary and secondary schools in China by six ministries including the State Education Commission in 1996.

The Martyrs Cemetery of North China Military Region is located at No.343, Zhongshan West Road, Shijiazhuang City, the capital of Hebei Province. Sitting facing south, it covers an area of 2 1 1,000 square meters. For more than 40 years, the Martyrs Cemetery in North China Military Region has been warmly cared by Party committees and governments at all levels and relevant departments. In the new historical period, especially since the Central Committee promulgated the Implementation Outline of Patriotism Education, the Hebei Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government have attached great importance to the construction of patriotism education bases. From 65438 to 0995, the provincial party committee and government, together with Shijiazhuang Municipal Party Committee, Municipal Government and Provincial Civil Affairs Department, allocated 20.23 million yuan to build and rebuild the cemetery infrastructure on a large scale. Now, the park is full of pines, cypresses and trees. The main buildings are: Martyrs' Monument, Monument Hall, Martyrs' Memorial Hall, Revolutionary Cultural Relics Museum, Doctor Bethune's Mausoleum and Bethune's Memorial Hall, Doctor Ke Dihua's Mausoleum and Indian Medical Aid Team Memorial Hall, Dong Zhentang and Zhao Bosheng Monuments Hall, Martyrs' Memorial Hall, Film and Television Hall, etc.

The Martyrs Cemetery in North China Military Region adopts the traditional spindle layout in China. The main buildings in the park are distributed on three axes, separated by hedges, with strict layout, east-west symmetry and distinct levels. Against the backdrop of countless pines and cypresses, it is more majestic, solemn and spectacular. On the north-south main axis, memorial buildings such as cemetery gate, memorial square, memorial hall, martyrs' tomb and martyrs' memorial hall are arranged in turn from south to north. The gate of the Martyrs Cemetery is made of granite and bluestone. The gate wall is engraved with the gold-plated Chinese characters of China People's Liberation Army North China Military Region Martyrs Cemetery 15. The door wall is connected with two stainless steel doors to form this magnificent memorial building. The tall and majestic monument is engraved with the inscriptions of three generations of leaders of Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zemin, and is located in the center of the memorial square which can accommodate 10,000 people. On the east side of the square is the revolutionary cultural relics museum, and on the west side is the film and television hall. Three groups of large bronze statues stand in the square in front of the monument. The East Group is two Eighth Route Army soldiers armed with steel guns and ready to fight hard, symbolizing the heroic spirit of our army to go forward and kill the enemy bravely; In Xiqun, two militiamen and women are guarding the heroic spirit of burying mines. These two groups of statues reflect the two main armed forces of the army and the people on the battlefield in North China at that time. The main statue of the center consists of three armed soldiers of the China People's Liberation Army. The soldiers held high the August 1st flag and looked forward, symbolizing the glorious course of our army from small to large, from weak to strong, and finally defeated the enemy to win. On both sides of the statue seat are two white marble reliefs that joined the army and supported the army. To the north of the square is the memorial hall, which is the central memorial building of the whole park. The exterior of the monument hall is granite stone, which is particularly solemn. In the center of the hall is a large white marble tablet inscribed with the inscription "Sacrifice for our country and live forever" by Mao Zedong. On the white marble platform at the top of the stone tablet, there is a bronze wreath elaborately made by Austrian expatriate geist. The names of 248 martyrs are engraved in the center of the north wall of the Monument Hall. Monuments inscribed by Party and state leaders such as Zhu De, Peng, Liu Bocheng, Peng Zhen, He Long, Luo Ronghuan and Nie are embedded in the east and west walls, which spoke highly of the achievements of the martyrs.

Behind the memorial hall are the tombs of martyrs. The East Tomb and the West Tomb are connected by three central monuments to form a whole. The tomb of the martyrs is a granite tomb with the same specifications, which breaks the traditional format of the front monument and the back tomb. There is a white marble monument behind the tomb, and a flower pond is built on the top of the tomb. 3 17 The martyr's coffin was buried in the pine and cypress bushes. Martyrs Memorial Hall is a newly-built memorial building, located in the deepest part of the north of the park, covering an area of 1400 square meters. The central hall of the hall is the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Revolutionary Memorial Hall, which displays revolutionary historical photos and revolutionary cultural relics. On the east side of the hall is the martyr's ashes storage room, where there are more than 600 revolutionary ancestors' ashes. On the west side is the portrait room of martyrs. Full of green, the square in front of the memorial hall. On the east and west sides of the square are Dong Zhentang, leader of Ningdu Uprising who died in the Second Revolutionary Civil War, and Zhao Bosheng Martyrs Monument Pavilion, deputy commander of Gongwu Army.

Memorial buildings on the east and west auxiliary axes of the Martyrs Cemetery take the national form of our country. On an auxiliary axis in the south, on the west is the mausoleum of Dr. Bethune, an internationalist fighter, and on the east are the tombs of Dr. Ke Dihua, Dr. Edward and Dr. Basu. In the center of the square in front of the two mausoleums stood tall white marble statues of Bethune and Ke Dihua respectively, which made the whole cemetery highlight the spirit of internationalism. On the auxiliary axis in the north, the memorial pavilion and exhibition hall in the west are symmetrical with the martyrs memorial hall in the east. The memorial pavilion is a large white marble monument surrounded by six terrazzo columns. The inscription on the monument was inscribed by the Central North China Bureau, the North China Management Committee and the North China Military Region to show that the achievements of our ancestors were not forgotten. Exhibition area1280m2. The East Hall is Bethune Memorial Hall, and Nie inscribed the name of the museum. More than 1.30 photos of Bethune's life and 22 precious cultural relics are displayed in the museum, which reproduces Bethune's great and glorious life. The West Pavilion is a memorial hall inscribed by Nie for the Indian medical team assisting China. The 85-meter-long photo exhibition fully reflects the outstanding contribution made by the Indian medical aid team to the liberation of the Chinese nation and the development of Sino-Indian friendship. In the center of the front wall of the Martyrs Memorial Hall, the Record of Martyrs Cemetery in North China Military Region written by the Central North China Bureau is engraved. The deeds of 25 famous martyrs are on display in the museum.

In the Martyrs Cemetery of North China Military Region, there are coffins of 248 revolutionary heroes who died in Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei and North China Military Region during the Great Revolution, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the Liberation War and the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, as well as the ashes of more than 600 martyrs since the founding of the People's Republic of China, including Gao Keqian, leader of the workers' movement, commander of the famous Huimin detachment in Jizhong, national hero Li Hunzi, famous soldier Chu Daming, founder of the Red Army Cavalry and head of the First Cavalry. There are more than 65,438+0,000 revolutionary historical relics and martyrs' relics in the park. Among them, two surgical instruments invented and used by Bethune were 1973 gifts from Canadian Prime Minister Trudeau to the people of China? Mechanical? In 1978, Canadian Foreign Minister jamison presented the iron-assisted doctor, rib knife and bronze statue of Bethune to the people of China on behalf of the Canadian government.

This is a record of the history of people's revolutionary struggle in North China. Here, we are faced with the * * * written by martyrs with blood and life and the country's yesterday.

Dong Zhentang (1895 ~ 1937) is Shao Zhong. Hebei Xinhe people. Born in a wealthy peasant family. I entered the primary school in Cao Zhuang at an early age. 19 14, admitted to Jixian middle school. 19 17 was admitted to Qinghe Preparatory School of Baoding Military Academy. 1912 after graduation, he was assigned to the artillery regiment of the first border defense division as an officer candidate. 1920 After the summer vacation, he entered the Ninth Artillery Division of Baoding Military Academy for further study. 1spring of 922, served as a trainee in Feng Yuxiang's department 1 1 division staff office. Later, he served as platoon leader and company commander of the artillery company of the Northwest Military Academy Corps. 1924, Feng Yuxiang participated in the struggle to overthrow the bribed President Cao Kun, overthrow the direct warlord Wu, expel the last emperor from the palace and welcome Dr. Sun Yat-sen to Beijing. In the same year, he served as the captain of the artillery training team of the First National Army and the battalion commander of the Army Artillery Battalion. 1September, 926, took the oath of Wuyuan. Later, he served as the brigade commander of the 4 th Division 12 Brigade of the National Army and the Allied First Army. Together with Feng Yuxiang, he repelled Liu Zhenhua, a warlord from Henan who besieged the city of Xiyang Lake in Xi. 1927 served as the 36th division commander of the Second Army of the National Revolutionary Army. He led his troops to Henan, Hubei and other places to coordinate the northern expedition. 1928 served as the division commander of the Second Army of the National Revolutionary Army 13 and the garrison commander of Luoyang, Henan Province, to eliminate bandits and improve local public security. 1929, former commander of the 5th Division of the Second Army of the National Revolutionary Army. 1930, led his troops to participate in the western and eastern Henan campaigns, and was commended by Feng Yuxiang. 193 1 served as brigade commander of the 73rd brigade of the 25th division of the 26th Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army. In the same year, 65438+February 65438+April led the uprising with Zhao Bosheng in Ningdu, Jiangxi, and joined the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants. Later, he served as deputy commander of the Red Fifth Army and commander of 13 Army. He visited and studied in various regiments, personally wrote "Model Red Fifth Regiment", introduced the tradition and experience of the old Red Army, and did a lot of work for the development and growth of the Red Fifth Regiment. 1February, 932, led his troops to take part in the battle of Ganzhou. In April of the same year, he joined the China * * * Production Party and led his troops to participate in the Longyan and Zhangzhou campaigns. Later, he served as the head of the Red Fifth Army Corps and led his troops to participate in the Shuikou Campaign. In 65438+February of the same year, he was awarded the first-class Red Flag Medal by the Central Military Commission. 1933 From February to September, he led his troops to participate in the fourth and fifth counter-campaigns against encirclement and suppression in the central revolutionary base area. 1934 10, led his troops to participate in the Long March and served as the defender of the whole army. 1936 1 month, served as commander of the 5th Army of the Red Fourth Front Army. On June+10 in 5438, after the three main forces of the Red Army joined forces, they were ordered to lead their troops to cross the Yellow River to the west and enter Shandan, thus conquering Linze County and occupying Gao Tai in one fell swoop. Publicize the party's policies, mobilize the masses, organize anti-Japanese people's governments, and establish anti-Japanese armed forces. 1937 65438+ 10, the enemy surrounded Gao Tai with more than 20,000 people. In the face of enemies many times his own, he took up the battle calmly. Command everyone: resolutely hold the high platform! We are in Gaotai, vowing to live and die with Gaotai! Beat back several enemy attacks. Finally, because of being outnumbered, the high platform fell and died heroically. In the same year, President Mao Zedong and many central leaders personally attended the memorial service held in his honor under Yan 'an Baota shan. 1in August, 946, the administrative office of southern Hebei decided to rename Xinhe County of Hebei Province as Tang Zhen County.

The word Ma Benzhai (1902 ~ 1944) should be kept clear. Hui nationality. Xian county, Hebei. Born in a poor peasant family. I went to a private school when I was a child. After living in the northeast, he joined the Northeast Army. 1932, dissatisfied with the old army, resolutely returned to his hometown to seek a new way to save the country and the people. 1937 after the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, under the education of my mother, I organized the Hui people's anti-Japanese army as the captain and actively led the villagers to carry out the anti-Japanese struggle. 1April, 938, joined the Eighth Route Army. As the captain of the Huimin teaching team. In July, he served as the captain of Huimin Cadre Teaching Corps. In June 5438+00, he joined the Producer Party of China. He led the troops to Hejian, xian county, Qingxian and Cangzhou, and fought fiercely for more than 30 times, killing and injuring more than 500 Japanese puppet troops; The railway was damaged more than 70 times and the car was overturned more than 20 times. 1July, 939, he was ordered to go to Wuji, Gaocheng and Xinle to open up new anti-Japanese base areas. Later, he served as the detachment leader of the third column of the Eighth Route Army and the commander of the third army division of the Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region. 1August, 940, led his troops to participate in the Hundred Regiments War. On June+10, 5438, our department was awarded the invincible and invincible iron army flag by Jizhong Military Region. 194 1, 1 year, he was ordered to lead his troops northward and advance to the north of Daqing, smashing the enemy's divide-and-rule and nibbling policy against the anti-Japanese base areas in Jizhong. In the summer of the same year, he led his troops to Ziya River and fought fiercely for 27 times, killing more than 500 people, which effectively cooperated with the Eighth Route Army's frontal operations. Therefore, it aroused great hatred from the enemy. Captain Yamamoto of the Japanese army wrote a threatening letter: With Ma Benzhai, there would be no Yamamoto, and with Yamamoto, there would be no Ma Benzhai. He replied: If you have Yamamoto, there will be no Ma Benzhai, and if you have me, there will be no Yamamoto in Ma Benzhai. Later, her house was burned down and her mother was arrested. However, he is still firmly determined to resist Japan. After his mother died, he wrote: Great mother, despite her death, will continue to struggle! 1April, 942, led his troops to participate in the annihilation war in Chen Zhuang. Later, he was ordered to lead his troops to the anti-Japanese base area in northwest Shandong. 1943 autumn, he was ordered to move to Fanxian and Guancheng to organize the new Third Division and smash the enemy's autumn sweep. In June of the same year 165438+ 10, he led his troops to participate in the Battle of Bagongqiao, and was praised as a world strategist by jing wong, Party Secretary of Hebei, Shandong and Henan. /kloc-0 was seriously ill on February 7, 944. On my deathbed, I still don't forget to resist Japan. Tell the comrades around you: let the troops wait for me! I can't. Send your family to Yan 'an and tell Third Brother to fight the war to the end! Died in Zhanglu Town, shenxian county. On March 6th of the same year, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a grand memorial service for him in Yan 'an. Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Zhu De presented him with elegiac couplets. Wu praised him as an excellent party member, a model soldier and a national hero in his eulogy. After Zhanglu Town, the people donated 6670 square meters of land to build an ancestral temple for him. 1956, his hometown Dongxinzhuang was named as the Hui Autonomous Township in Benzhai.

Li Hunzi (1924 ~ 1946) is from Xinle, Hebei. Born in a poor peasant family. Young and taciturn, not so stubborn, like thinking, can't stand being bullied by rich people, and he is determined to fight. 1937 joined the youth anti-Japanese vanguard after the July 7th Incident. Standing guard to catch rape is praised by the people. 1939, joined the China * * * production party. The following year, he first served as the instructor of the village youth anti-union, and then served as the captain of the blasting team, leading the militia to haunt along the Pinghan Railway and attack the enemy. 1943 returned to the village after training in the county seat. He strengthened his confidence and worked with the militia to develop mines for bombing trains. After continuous trial production and continuous improvement, effective marriage mines, solar mines, spontaneous combustion mines and special locomotive mines have finally been manufactured. Cleverly laying mines on the tracks, blowing up enemy trains, disrupting enemy traffic, blowing up 10 locomotives and 48 carriages, killing and injuring more than 220 enemy puppet troops. Brave and brave Zhao Yan, the enemy and the enemy were frightened. The enemy offered a reward of 3 million to capture him, but he was fearless and more determined. 1946 10 The administrative committee of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region named him an explosion hero. In the same year, on February 9th, 65438, he was martyred in Li Jiazhuang, Xinle County. After liberation, 1950, the remains of martyrs were moved and buried in the Martyrs Cemetery of North China Military Region. 1984, Li Hunzi Martyrs Memorial Pavilion was built in the hometown of martyrs.

Zhao Bosheng (1897 ~ 1933) was named Sipu. Hebei Huanghua people. 1904 entered a private school. 19/kloc-entered Baoding military academy in 0/4, and graduated in the summer of 19 17. He once served in the army of Anhui Province and directly fought against the Beiyang warlord Feng. 1924 Shortly after the end of the second direct service war, he was transferred to Feng Yuxiang National Army as deputy head, chief of staff and brigade commander. 1926, Feng Yuxiang made contact with the producer of * * * after taking the oath in Wuyuan. From 65438 to 0929, he served as the chief of staff and special forces brigade commander of Xi 'an 14 Army and concurrently served as the commander of the city defense. During the years of drought, countless farmers sold their children, while the reactionary warlord government was still extorting money. Faced with the tragic situation, he was extremely indignant. 1930, the special forces teaching brigade was changed to the Three People's Principles Salvation Army, and it was planned to March into Hanzhong, creating another revolutionary situation. Prior to this, he joined the National Revolutionary Army and served as the chief of staff of the 26th Route Army. Under the threat of Chiang Kai-shek, he was ordered to go south to participate in the second and third encirclement and suppression campaigns in the central base area, but all failed. He was trapped in Ningdu, Jiangxi, and was extremely dissatisfied with Chiang Kai-shek's civil war. After the September 18th Incident, he asked to go north to resist Japan, but Chiang refused. With the help of the underground party organization in China, he joined the producers' party in China in June 193 1. 65438+February 65438+April 4, Dong Zhentang and others led the uprising and were incorporated into the Fifth Army of the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants, serving as its chief of staff and commander of the 14th Army. 1February 932, participated in the siege of Ganzhou. In April, it formed the East Route Army with the First Army, and moved eastward to Zhangzhou, Fujian, and then joined the Third Army in Jiangxi. In July, he defeated Guangdong warlord Chen in Shuikou. Later, he led the troops to take part in the battle to conquer Jianning. During this period, he was appointed as the deputy commander of the fifth army and the commander of the thirteenth army. The Chinese Soviet * * * and the Provisional Central Government of People's Republic of China (PRC) issued a commendation order, awarding the first-class Red Flag Medal in recognition of its repeated meritorious service. 1933 65438+ 10, in the fourth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression", he personally commanded the front line, and the troops repelled the crazy attacking enemies many times. Unfortunately, he was shot in the right amount in the command battle and gave his life for the revolution. Mao Zedong called him a staunch revolutionary comrade. 1962 On the eve of August 1st Army Day, Ye Jianying wrote poems to commemorate it. Shi Yun: In Ningdu, lightning thundered and the sky was clear, Wan Li, the red flag held high Zhao Bosheng, the tiger's den insisted on holy work, and several people were dyed red with blood.

Bethune (1890 ~ 1939), a great internationalist fighter, was born in Gravenhurst, Ontario, Canada. Stubborn and competitive since childhood, full of opinions. After graduating from Kaiser Private School and Unger Gorge High School, he entered the University of Toronto to study biology. 19 14 After the outbreak of World War I, he was drafted into the army and served in the field medical team of the 1 division of the Royal Canadian Army. After the injury, he returned to the University of Toronto to continue his studies. 19 17, enlisted for the second time, joined the Royal Canadian Navy, served as an assistant medical officer on a warship, and then served in the Royal Air Force. 19 18, UK retirement. 1923, 1 June, participated in the membership examination of the Royal College of Surgeons in Edinburgh, England, and was successfully selected. 1spring of 933, went to Herman Zifei Hospital in Detroit, USA as acting director of surgery. 1935165438+1October, Bethune joined the Canadian * * * Production Party.

1937 After the July 7th Incident, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, China broke out in an all-round way. Bethune was sent by the Canadian * * * Production Party and the American * * * Production Party. 1October 8th, 1938, he led a medical team to China and arrived in Yan 'an in March, where he was warmly received by Comrade Mao Zedong. He declined the suggestion of the CPC Central Committee to let him stay in Yan 'an and resolutely went to the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei anti-Japanese front. Arrived in Jingangku Village, Wutai County, Shanxi Province on June 17. Here, he was welcomed by Nie, commander of the military region, and Ye Qingshan, minister of health, and was hired as a health consultant of the military region.

In the winter of 1938, the main force of 1 2 division set out for Jizhong, and he led a crusade medical team composed of 18 people to follow the division. In order to cooperate with the army, he also invented the horseback hospital. Where the wounded go, he appears.

1June, 939, he returned to the west of Hebei and put forward suggestions to the military region for establishing health schools. He personally wrote lesson plans, gave lectures to medical staff and actively sought financial support from the United States. Bethune served the anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians with superb medical technology and extremely responsible spirit, trained a large number of medical backbones and made indelible contributions to the health cause of our army.

In the winter of the same year, the Japanese army made a winter raid on our base area. Bethune worked day and night, risking his life to rescue the wounded on the front line many times. He died in Tang County, Hebei Province on June 1939, 1 12.

What is the spirit of a foreigner whose duty is to liberate the people of China? This is the spirit of internationalism, this is the spirit of * *! Comrade Mao Zedong wrote an article in memory of Bethune.

Indian doctors Ke Dihua (19 10 ~ 1942) and 1938 came to China with the medical team of the International Red Cross and went to the anti-Japanese front in North China the following year. In the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region, he served as Dean of Bethune International Peace Hospital and joined the China Production Party. 1942 65438+ February, died of overwork. Mao Zedong spoke highly of Dr. Ke Dihua, saying that his death was a loss for the whole army and the country.

The Martyrs Cemetery in North China Military Region has been built for more than 40 years. During these 40 years, the CPC Central Committee and local party organizations at all levels and government departments have given great care and support to the cemetery. Especially after the founding of New China, Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De and other proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation personally wrote inscriptions in the cemetery.