Eunuchs are survivors of punishment and domestic slaves dominated by the court that favors the lower classes of society. Eunuchs stand out because of their autocratic power and swaggering around the city, which is another aspect that is biased towards the upper class of society. Beijing is the city with the largest concentration of eunuchs. Eunuchs live in the palace, and what they do is serve the emperor or the concubines in the palace. Of course, their life is part of the life of the palace. However, eunuchs in Ming dynasty often went out shopping, which also had a certain relationship with the market. After the mid-Wanli period, mine owners, supervisors and tax collectors were everywhere, and eunuch bees gathered in cities all over the country, making the cities messy. Amin poet Wang Pan wrote a song "The Sound of the Horn", which profoundly described the phenomenon that eunuchs disturbed people when they arrived in the local area. The song says: the horn is locked, and the song is small and the cavity is big; The official ship is like a mess, and it depends on you to improve your prestige. The army listens to the army's sorrow, and the people listen to the people's fear. Where can I tell the true from the false? What I saw blew this house down and hurt that house. Only the blown water made the goose fly.

Xie Zhao, a scholar of Amin: Eunuchs and women cried themselves hoarse and drowned while watching juggling. Many people laugh at it. This is enough to show that eunuchs have a feminine side. There was another saying in the Ming Dynasty: Three people, don't mess with him. The so-called three-character classics are eunuchs, prostitutes and scholars. Obviously, the eunuch is like a boudoir woman. What is a eunuch? First, he is moody and makes trouble at will. Second, tears often frown, blindly naive. Therefore, the eunuch's temper is really difficult to grasp, but if you can handle it, you can cut off your head and even help others.

The eunuchs in Ming Palace lived a colorful life. Or greedy for money, gambling, small groups, cockfighting, craps, cards, chess, dominoes and gobang; Or delicious, take turns to host and eat; Still luxurious, all tables and chairs, bed cabinets, sedan chairs, saddles and even daily necessities are not afraid of labor costs, so that they look good. As for the tomb temple and the manor house, they are even more financially strong. Or specialize in vegetarianism, hold Buddhist precepts, practice good Buddhism; Or good flowers and trees, like to raise fish, to show your wealth; Or put on a good show, buy some young folk boys and let southerners teach them to entertain themselves. Eunuchs are a special class among all sentient beings in the Ming Dynasty, and their lives are worth remembering.

Eunuch family and sexual life

China's ancestors have long left a proverb: If your body is damaged by skin, you should not be hurt by your parents. He also said: there are three kinds of unfilial, and the last one is the biggest. It is disdainful for ordinary people to castrate themselves as eunuchs, and it is even more despised by literati. So, why do many people still want to be eunuchs? The reason is nothing more than the following two points: first, there were indeed some people in Gyeonggi area in the Ming Dynasty who had no land to grow at home, were lazy by nature, were unwilling to be tenant farmers, wandered around all day, did nothing, and even did evil. Seeing that some people have made a fortune and gained prestige after becoming eunuchs, I really envy those who do evil. So, I cleaned myself up privately and hid in Beijing, hoping to find an opportunity, entrust an acquaintance, and find a job in the palace, so that I can gain momentum and power in the future. Second, the people in Gideon, even in Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi and other places, some people want to avoid corvee and get rich by luck. They have several children at home, so they castrate one of them and call it a clean man. Once in the palace, not only my family can be exempted from clothing, but also their relatives and neighbors can enjoy the privilege of exemption. Among these honest officials, after all, those who can enter the palace as eunuchs are a minority. Those who can't enter the palace have to beg and steal, and some even make trouble and dare to fight the ministers and the legal department.

After these honest officials entered the palace, someone was in power and satisfied. Even so, eunuchs sometimes regard castration as a great shame. For example, during the orthodox period, the eunuch was successful in his studies and his father came to visit. Under the Buddhist scriptures, I curtain my father and wronged his father: why can't you stand castration? Then I went to class and called my father and cried.

Although eunuchs are survivors of punishment, they also try their best to pursue the same life as ordinary people. Even if you can't get married and have children, you must ask for the name of the vegetable farmer, just like getting married and having children.

Eunuchs have wives, and there were precedents before the Ming Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, Gao Lishi married Guo Shu's daughter Xuan Lu. Another example is eunuch Li, who married his emperor. Liang Shicheng, the eunuch of the Song Dynasty, lost his wife, and some ministers went to pay homage and wept bitterly. Zhao, a person, did not spend his first time with his wife. After thirty, Yuan Shundi castrated him and became a eunuch. I don't want to be separated from my wife, but I still get along with my wife after I enter the palace.

During the Hongwu period in the early Ming Dynasty, Ming Taizu ordered eunuchs not to marry, and eunuchs who married should be punished by skinning. However, this system has undergone obvious changes during the Xuande period. Xuanzong gave eunuch Chen Wu two wives. After Chen Wuhou, the emperor was renamed Wang, Jin and Runde. In the early days of Tianshun, Yingzong also gave his wife Wu to the eunuch. The eunuch Wu Cheng not only has a wife, but also a concubine, and the concubine is Yao. Since Wanli, eunuchs have mostly made friends with prostitutes and married them back. At that time, the square music in Beijing, the West Courtyard, had become the outer residence of these eunuchs. In the Ming Dynasty, women in Beijing were usually considered lazy and greedy. These Beijing women associate with eunuchs. After a long time, some people love eunuchs, abandon their husbands and are willing to raise them.

Eunuchs are castrated, that is, they lose their potential, or have no humanity, so what's the use of these people wanting women? Some people think that although castrated, men still exist, and they must be close to women at night to sleep well. For example, Hou Yu, the eunuch, is not only handsome, but also has many wives and concubines. One of them is called Bai Xiu, a stunning beauty, who became his favorite with Hou Yu. According to Bai Xiu, the eunuch's sexual life is also very loving, as rumored, and more lewd than ordinary people. It is said that every time a eunuch hands over a woman, he scratches her whole body, bites her and sweats. Every night a woman is on duty, she will be sick for several days. The cover is depressed and not smooth.

In order to restore Yang Dao, some eunuchs eat more indecent things of cows and donkeys, such as holding hands (tools of cows and donkeys), white waist of sheep (eggs of external kidneys), dragon eggs (eggs of white stallions), and even listen to the nonsense of some rogue sticks to kill and harm people. If there are two villains, Wei Tianjue and Lin, who try their best to flatter eunuch Gao _ and give him a secret recipe: take the brains of boys and girls and poison them, then Yang Dao will be resurrected and the female emperor will be born. Gao Tai was overjoyed after hearing this, so he bought many naive men and women and smashed his skull and brains. Some families are poor and forced by life, so they have to give up their love to sell themselves. What's more, some evil teenagers use it to attract their young children, and after they succeed, they hand them over to Gao _, in order to get rich rewards. Later, eunuch Gao bought several young women, and they used each other as a dark play to test the magic. In the tax department, there are dozens of prostitutes singing and dancing, and they are extremely dissolute.

According to Mao Qiling's Poems on Xihe River, according to the system of the Ming Dynasty, both officials (eunuchs) in Naomachi and ministers in Naomachi were married, and if they were slightly abnormal, they were punished as prostitutes. Every imperial secretary and his wife are called food lovers and vegetable farmers. It was a fashion for palace officials and eunuchs to become spouses in the late Ming Dynasty. If the imperial secretary has no spouse, she will be laughed at by her female companion and regarded as an abandoned child. Their combination, there is also a matchmaker to talk about. The reason why eunuchs and imperial secretaries become spouses, as Shen Defu of Amin dynasty said, is nothing more than a matter in the palace, complaining about others and quenching thirst, but it is also an inevitable product of the harem system in the traditional era.

If the eunuch forces the imperial secretary to be husband and wife, it will be regarded as a prodigal son returning. During the Chongzhen period, there was an imperial secretary who worked in Xinglong Palace. Because she learned Taoism, she begged to live in Xiangyi Palace and live with her lover and his wife. On the Mid-Autumn Festival, I went to Fan Jing factory in the evening to see what happened. I passed by the Great Hall of Heaven and met an old eunuch. When the eunuch saw her gorgeous, he lured her to the stone table and forced her to commit adultery, which led to a lawsuit. On this matter, there was a poem circulating in the palace at that time, which said: I only ate cauliflower in the Dragon Palace, but I misread the classics of the crane factory. In the cave, cinnabar turns white and stones turn white. This poem is a record of eunuchs' grievances for vegetable farmers.

After eunuchs and imperial secretaries became vegetable households, this matter was no longer taboo in the late Ming Dynasty. Even the highest eunuch was asked: Who is your vegetable farmer? He also told the truth. Obviously, it has become a habit along the way, which is not surprising. Only those eunuchs or some servants told people about it, not frankly, but said: someone is an old woman's brother. The so-called old lady is the honorific title of the maid-in-waiting, and when the brothers say it, it is the alias of Weng You, indicating that they are a couple. In the Ming dynasty, Fujian called a good man (that is, a man surnamed gay) a brother, which may be an imitation of this title.

Eunuchs love food, but they can't have children, so they generally regard the little eunuchs under their names as their descendants. Every time the imperial court selects eunuchs to enter the palace, the selected incorruptible people enter the palace, which is called entering the palace. There is a bridge inside, called Huang En Bridge, which means that you can benefit from Huang En from now on. However, it is often called a bridge of ingratitude. It is said that most eunuchs are from poor families. Once castrated, you must become someone else's partner. When he entered the imperial capital and gained wealth, he began to hate those who raised him and repay him with hatred, so he called this bridge ungrateful. After these honest officials entered the court, the big eunuchs in the inner government chose the ones with good looks and dragged them away at will, calling them Laming. The so-called name is like a child Therefore, whenever a big eunuch is prominent, his name is also powerful.

Second, arty.

The eighth episode of Dong Lugu's crazy novel Drunk Wake the Stone records that the eunuch bought a fan, which can reflect the eunuch's aesthetic taste from the side. The novel describes several eunuchs visiting the inner city together, and one of them picks up a fan to watch. This is an imitation of Ni Yunlin's brushwork and cursive script. The eunuch looked and said, it's cold. This is a symbol of ghosts. We don't know a word. I held it up and looked at it again. This is the scenery of Mi Dian, with Zhong You's calligraphy on the back. The eunuch said, graffiti. What Huang Er, this word is soft, miss! When he took out a fan, a big green landscape pavilion was painted on the fan, and a big Chinese character Jiang Ligang was written on the back, the eunuch looked at it, and a eunuch next to him cheered again and again: How lively! The handwriting is also very good! Then I saw a court-style clay flower-and-bird fan, with eight "Autumn Xing" behind it. After the eunuch finished reading it, he added, it's okay. It's more open. Obviously, eunuchs don't like the literati's brushwork of painting and calligraphy, but only like the excitement of red and green, and the characters also pursue the founder style. It can be seen that the eunuch's aesthetic taste is not only imperial, but also secular.

Most of the eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty came from poor families, and some of them were admitted to the palace by virtue of their incorruptible teaching posts. For example, at the end of Yongle, the imperial edict was issued in the Ming Dynasty, and anyone who failed to pass the performance appraisal of scholars in the world could enter the palace to train female officials and eunuchs. Most of the teaching staff in these places are students, tribute supervisors and even juren, and they have a certain knowledge base. Even the children of poor families who were illiterate became eunuchs after entering the palace and received education in the inner library, so they became a little more elegant. Influenced by the prevailing fashion at that time, eunuchs also participated in cultural life from time to time, reciting poems, playing with antiques, learning magic, and worshiping Buddhism and Taoism, which was closely related to the cultural atmosphere at that time. Among these Zhongjun people, that is, eunuchs, some are famous for their good poems, some are proficient in ancient and modern Chinese, and some have become calligraphers. According to Zhu Yizun's "Poems of Living in Seclusion", eunuchs Zhang Wei and Qin Long entered the palace, and the classes were all in the East Palace. Eunuch Zhang is famous for being good at writing poems, and is called "a scholar in the palace". In the forbidden area, he grows bamboo and counts poles. Zongshen's name is Cang Xue, so he named his poetry collection with the word "Cang Xue". According to Liu Ruoyu's Random Thoughts, eunuch Zheng Zhihui loves classics and can write eight-part essay and ancient prose. In the fifth year of the Apocalypse (1625), it became a palace classic and was later promoted to prison. In the winter of the first year of Chongzhen (1628), Emperor Chongzhen personally tested his literary talent, and something happened. Such an eight-part essay topic was won by eunuch Zheng, entered the election and was promoted to a regular class, which is also a rare adventure in ancient and modern times. According to Shen Jia Xiao Ji, Gao Shiming was a eunuch in Jian 'an, who was good at calligraphy and writing broken books. In the first year of Chongzhen, ouchi changed to hang plaques, all of which were inscribed by Gao Shiming himself. In addition, many eunuchs are proficient in calligraphy. For example, Tang Xianzong eunuch Dai Yi, whose regular script is comparable to that of Shen Du. Eunuch Xiao Jing, regular script like Shen Du, cursive script from Zhang Dian and Huai Su, mixed with seal pen; Spencer is knowledgeable, and he can write, especially skillfully. He is good at writing a fan with his poems and words engraved on it, which is quite popular in the palace.

The life of eunuchs was greatly influenced by the literati at that time. Many eunuchs in Ming Dynasty liked to associate with literati. For example, Wang Jinde, a very good scholar-bureaucrat, was closely related to Shen Lu, and his Seven Sages Passing through Customs was inscribed by Shen Lu. Wang Ao, who lives outside Xi 'anmen, is named Peng Qi. He often sings and recites poems with the literati. His works are forbidden to build stones and recite poems and post them in the East Collection. During the Wanli period, eunuchs were promoted by Zhu Sheng and named Jin Fu. They were in the south of the town. They read more knowledge and like to make friends with gentlemen. At that time, literati carved books or collected antiques for elegance, which formed a temporary habit. As a result, some eunuchs also deliberately attached to this elegant life. For example, Feng Bao, the eunuch of Wanli Shili prison, named Sara, is proficient in piano books, good at singing and dancing, and can throw pots, claiming to have the wind of Confucianism. During his tenure, he carved many books, such as Enlightenment Collection, Four Books, Book Classic, Tongjian Zhijie, Emperor Jiantu Shuo and so on. Qian Neng, the eunuch stationed in Nanjing, and Wang Kick, both of them like antiques and have a lot of collections. Every five days, let people move the calligraphy and painting cabinet and show it in court. After the fight, cycle back and forth. Most of their collections of paintings and calligraphy are exquisite and peculiar, such as handwriting, snow scenes of Wang Wei, bullfighting of Han Fan, drunken scrolls of Han Gan Ma and Huang Quan, and Xiao Li, Da Li, Dong, Fan and so on. Money can be hidden, including the old things collected by the Mu family in Yunnan; Most of Wang Ci's collections come from the Forbidden City.

At that time, scholar-officials advocated alchemy, and eunuchs were also eager for it, so that many people were deceived. For example, Liu _, the eunuch stationed in Nanjing, was greedy for money and rich in resources. He built the Jade Emperor Pavilion privately and invited foreign warlocks to talk about alchemy.

A warlock learned that he especially believed in God, so he proclaimed himself emperor in everything and defrauded a lot of property. Liu has a jade belt ring, which is worth several hundred yuan. The warlock pretended to give it to the jade emperor and stole it. During Chenghua, many alchemists took refuge in eunuchs and gained the favor of the emperor through their strength. For example, Chen Wang, a demon, won the trust of eunuch Wang Jing by virtue of witchcraft and became Wang Jingfeng's personal attendant when he was in Suzhou and Changzhou. Li Zisheng, a warlock, also handed over insect carving skills such as calligraphy, spells and water to eunuchs, Wissing and Chen, which was highly valued. Wei Xueyan, the eunuch of Emperor Wanli, was most favored by Zongshen. His hobby is yellow and white, and there are many different streams. Although he has been coaxed by Danko many times, he is never tired of being a hundred years old.

Although eunuchs imitate the life of literati in all aspects, their aesthetic taste is closer to that of citizens. Give the following examples:

In the early years of Jiajing, Gao Long, the eunuch stationed in Nanjing, liked to collect famous paintings. At that time, someone gave him a famous painting. He looked at it and said, OK! All right! But there are many plain silks on it, so it's better to add a three-war Lu Bu. To draw a famous painting, you need to draw a picture of Lu Bu in World War III on the silk above, which splits the unity of the picture and shows that the eunuch is called a painter, but he doesn't know how to draw, just joining in the fun and looking good.

In the novel Jin Ping Mei written by Lan Ling Xiao Sheng, there are also several eunuchs who associate with Ximen Qing. In 3 1 of the novel, it is said that two eunuchs, Liu Gonggong and Xue Neixiang, went to congratulate Ximen Qing, and many of them sang opera rhetoric, which was humorous, and the eunuchs made a fool of themselves and satirized their illiteracy. For example, Eunuch Liu's "Chanting a Floating Life Like a Dream". This word is a word of seclusion, which is obviously inconsistent with Ximen Qing's birthday. And sing, although not eight Chinese purple ministers, who is in charge of the Sixth Hospital? This word is the drama of Chen Lin's dressing box, which is not in line with the celebration scene. Eunuch Sang Xue's "Pu Tian Le" thinks that the hardest thing in life is to leave, and it is also to leave. In the end, eunuch Xue told the truth in one sentence: every official in my house only promised to live forever, but he didn't know the taste outside the song, and he had to sing it every time. Back to the sixty-fourth, eunuch Xue and eunuch Liu listened to Haiyan people singing in Ximen Qing. They thought that Haiyan, which was popular at sea at that time, was rather prickly, but only let the lyricist sing a story about Li Bai's gluttony, which showed that although the eunuch liked opera, he didn't understand the taste of southern opera at all, and only liked the folk songs of the boy named Lan Guanji, but he didn't know the joys and sorrows of the purpose, so he was the same as the general public in aesthetic taste.

Generally speaking, eunuchs have low cultural taste. Nevertheless, we still have to admit that some eunuchs are sages who read books. They are more knowledgeable, leaving behind some works and even knowing general things. For example, Chen Ju, the emperor of Wanli, was honest academically, especially in his unique views on Zhouyi. He is the author of Documentary of the Emperor of China, Travel Notes of Xiangshan, Notes of Min Zhong, etc. Li Si prison eunuch Sun Long was appointed as Suzhou-Hangzhou weaving eunuch. Whenever Suzhou and Hangzhou have beautiful scenery, he spends a lot of money to decorate it, such as rebuilding the Su Causeway in the West Lake. In particular, the clear ink made by Sun Long is exquisite in shape and more exquisite in dosage than that of two famous Mohists. It is said that he once cast a bronze statue of Qin Gui and his wife Wan Hougao and Zhang Jun in front of the statue of Yue Fei in Hangzhou Yue Temple. Their names were engraved on their chests, and they knelt in the temple, which shows that he knows wisely and can distinguish good from evil.

Three eunuchs and religion

Most eunuchs are uneducated children from poor families. In their spiritual life, they have retained more folk beliefs and customs, and are even inextricably linked with Buddhism, Taoism and folk religions. As early as the Xuande period, some small envoys of the court supervision bureau were lured by monks, some were vegetarians, and some fled to cut their hair and become monks. Liu Jin and Wei Zhongxian were eunuchs in the period of Zheng Dehe and the Apocalypse. They were famous for their worship of Taoism and Buddhism respectively. Liu Jin once asked to build a Taoist temple outside Chaoyangmen to worship Xuan Di in the Arctic. Later, the vacant lot of Zhu Mao factory was invited to offer incense to Dade Xuan Ming Palace. Wei Zhongxian kills people like mowing a grass camp, but he also worships Buddha and worships monks, bowing sincerely. The Moon Monk in manjusri temple outside Xuanwu Gate, the Bright Monk in Gao Qiao Temple and the Great Monk in Biyun Temple all came to alms, build a Brahma and carve Buddha statues, resplendent and magnificent. Eunuch Liu Ruoyu began to convert to Buddhism after Chongzhen, and read classics such as King Kong, as well as Tomy's Book Dynasty and the Dharma Seal of the Bodhisattva Ring compiled by master lianchi.

Liu Ruoyu, a eunuch in the Ming Dynasty, once described the eunuch's killing of Buddha as follows: China officials believe in cause and effect most, and there are many good Buddhists. Its tomb must be a monk temple. Because eunuchs were good at Buddhism and temples were widely built around Gyeonggi, there was a saying at that time: Nanqiao North Temple. It means that there are many temples in the north, just like bridges in southern water towns. Most temples in the north were founded by eunuchs, and the cost of a temple even reached tens of thousands of taels of silver, with superb skills. For example, Qian Ning built Shijingshan Temple, Zhang Xiong built Shou Chang Temple, and the construction of Biyun Temple was banned, which cost countless gold and silver. Eunuchs built temples, especially in the western hills. Every spring and March, eunuchs fast for monks. According to the usual religious customs, vegetarian meals are nothing more than vegetables eating fruit cakes, but eunuchs are ingenious and even use red meat and wine. What's even more amazing is that the eunuch found some prostitutes from nearby, built tents with reed mats according to the distance, settled the prostitutes in the tents, and let the monks commit adultery. This is called great charity. It can be seen that eunuchs believe in Buddhism and behave exactly the same, which is not serious.

The monk system began with disciples in the Tang Dynasty. According to records, during the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty, many officials' families accepted monks and nuns as disciples, and when they returned, even their wives avoided it. Jiangnan still had the title of disciple in Ming Dynasty. The eunuchs of the Ming Dynasty, relying on their power in the palace, kept monks under their own doors and became monks. For example, in the ninth year of orthodoxy (1444), a monk named Jin in Yangshan Temple in Beijing claimed to be the eunuch of the king and defrauded criminals of hundreds of taels of gold and silver. The so-called eunuch king was the prison army at that time. In the second year of Zheng De (1507), in March, Emperor Wuzong of Ming Dynasty passed an edict from eunuch Li Rong, and the abbot of Dagongde Temple was promoted to the head monk Zuo Jueyi, and Fang Shen was promoted to the abbot of Dagongde Temple. Therefore, Qian Liu bribed eunuchs and called himself a monk.

Eunuchs believe in Taoism, just like Buddhism. Since Wudang Mountain, a Taoist holy place, rebuilt the palace view, there have been eunuchs in Wudang Mountain who specialize in supervising Taoist affairs in past dynasties. Whenever the court sent the statue of Xuanwu Emperor to Wudang Mountain, the eunuch was also responsible. Because most eunuchs believe in Taoism, some eunuchs are proficient in Taoist magic, so they are deeply loved by the emperor. For example, during Hongzhi's reign, Li Guang, the eunuch in charge of the internal official prison, was favored by Xiaozong and was in power in one's hand and in one's hand. Eunuchs built many Taoist temples. For example, in Beijing, Liu Jinjian has Xuan Ming Palace and Zhang Zhongjian has Long En Palace; In Nanjing, garrison eunuchs Luo Zhi and Tang Guan built Wang Lingguan Temple on the abandoned site of Wulongtan Temple.

Eunuchs have such a close relationship with religion that it is common to build temples. In fact, there is a reason for this. To sum up, there are generally three reasons: first, the source of eunuchs in the palace is mostly honest officials, mostly from Fujian. However, after all, only a few people have been elected to the palace, and most of the men who lead an honest and clean life have no chance to enter the palace. These people who were not elected were placed in a Buddhist temple with a hall outside the imperial city, commonly known as Wumingbai. Second, since the eunuch is clean, he is a person who has lost his inheritance and worship, and even has no incense. After death, no one sacrificed or burned paper. Helpless, some eunuchs chose good burial sites beside temples during their lifetime, and these temples actually became eunuchs' incense rooms. According to historical records, these temples were hidden in official camps by Buddhist eunuchs. According to the historical records of the Ming Dynasty, the story goes like this: After Gui Zhong's death, a temple must be built next to the tomb to worship the statue of Xiao Qi. That's what it means. Longxing temple is the hiding place of Zhang Moqi, a former eunuch in Li Si prison. Zhihua Temple in Beijing was built by Wang Zhen, a eunuch during the orthodox period. In the early days of Tianshun, there was a Hall of Loyalty and Righteousness in the temple to offer sacrifices to Wang Zhen, which was run by monks. There is no doubt that monks are also responsible for the incense after Wang Zhen's death. During the Chenghua period, after the eunuchs Qian and Qian Fu died, they were all buried by Ming Xianzong, and a fasting hall was built on the cemetery. In the second year of Zheng De (1507), in May, Ming Wuzong ordered Dazhengsi to use the most stable grassland in front of the temple as incense to protect the tombs of eunuchs Qian Xi, Qian Fu and Qian Neng. Biyun Temple in Xiangshan was built by the eunuch of the Imperial Horse Supervisor in Zhengde period. And behind the house, Yujing has her own birthday. The tomb of Wei Zhongxian, the power minister during the apocalypse, is also next to Biyun Temple. In the early years of Wanli, eunuch Feng Bao built a cemetery and Shuanglin Temple. It's another word of Feng. Obviously, this Shuanglin Temple is the fragrant courtyard of Feng Bao. Chen Ju, the eunuch of Wanli, predicted that the burial place would be next to the Ci 'an Temple in Xiangshan, and built a stone pagoda on the _, which was called the Mountain Pagoda of Taiji Town. A stone square was erected in front of the tomb, which said that Shinto should be made during burial. Another stone gate was erected, and the amount on it was a fairy cave. It can be seen that this kind-hearted temple is the incense temple of eunuch Chen Moment. There is a Luo Long Temple in fangshan county, behind which is the tomb of Wang An, the eunuch of Li Si prison. The third is the nature of eunuchs' daughters, who tend to be religious. Eunuchs build temples widely, just as women often go in and out of temples and temples.

Although eunuchs have a natural connection with religion, as far as they are concerned, they are illiterate, have no academic knowledge, and abuse their beliefs regardless of religion. The religious system in the eunuch's mind is quite chaotic, and the number of gods is ridiculous. For example, Hong Ren Wanshou Palace in Beijing was built by Lin Chao, the eunuch of Li Si prison, in the 43rd year of Wanli (16 15). In the middle is Wenchang Pavilion. Zuo Si Zhu Gekongming, named Shu Tian Shangxiang; The son of heaven is dedicated to Wen Tianxiang, whose title is Jacky, Shu Tian. Both of them can be called real kings. The back hall is dedicated to Thor and a ceremony platform is set up. Tai Chi was built in the back to build a treasure cabinet, where God can serve heaven. All these show that although eunuchs live in the palace, their spiritual life is still integrated with the people, because their childhood life has left a deep imprint on them, which can never be erased.

(Note omitted)

Selected from the third section of Chapter 1 of Social Life History of Ming Dynasty by Chen Baoliang (China Social Sciences Press, 1 Edition, 2004).