Dry cleaning means washing clothes without water. It only uses solvents to remove oil stains. Because there is almost no water in the solvent, it is called dry cleaning.

2, the basic steps of dry cleaning are:

The first step is pretreatment, which is to remove stains. It uses artificial additives to pretreat seriously polluted dirt and stains insoluble in dry cleaning solvents (such as juice, nail polish, paint, ink, etc.). ).

The second step is the main washing. Put the pretreated clothes into a dry cleaning machine, wash them thoroughly with dry cleaning solvent, and spin them dry.

The third step, post-treatment, the main purpose is to remove the residual dry cleaning solvent in clothes and irons and shape them.

3. How many kinds of dry cleaning solutions are there? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?

There are three main categories, which are:

A, chlorinated hydrocarbon synthesis solvent, the most commonly used is tetrachloroethylene (PEKCRO), which has good safety and strong degreasing and decontamination ability, but it has a strong corrosive effect on metals, and its hydrolysis main substances are toxic, which is harmful to soil, water quality and human body. In addition, it has a strong dissolving effect on plastic, nylon and other products, so this kind of jewelry (such as buttons, etc. ) Be sure to remove it when washing.

B. Chlorofluoride solvent, the typical representative of which is trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC- 1 13), etc. Non-toxic, non-flammable, non-corrosive to rubber and many chemical fibers, and cleaner than tetrachloroethylene. However, such solvents have been banned because they destroy the atmospheric ozone layer.

C. Hydrocarbon solvent, namely petroleum solvent, has good washing effect. Clothes washed with this kind of solvent have no peculiar smell common in tetrachloroethylene washing, and have no pollution to human body and environment. In the past, it was eliminated because of poor security. Now with the development of science and technology, security has been solved, so it is more and more favored by dry cleaners.

4. Some specific problems about dry cleaning.

A. What kind of clothes are not suitable for dry cleaning?

Polypropylene clothing (including rain-proof silk, etc. ), rubber products (including elastic bands), artificial leather, painted ornaments (such as lacquered flowers), metal ornaments, and velvet products bonded with glue.

B. Will frequent dry cleaning shorten the life of clothes?

No, on the contrary, frequent dry cleaning will prolong the service life of clothes. This is because washing first makes the fibers of clothes swell, so that when washing, the detergent will penetrate into the fibers, making it difficult to clean, and the residual detergent will corrode the fibers, making them brittle from the surface, leading to a decrease in the service life of clothes. Dry cleaning will not make the fibers of clothes swell, and dry cleaning agents, especially petroleum solutions, will not penetrate into the fibers, so it will not cause the clothes to become brittle and will not affect the reduction of their service life. Moreover, the stains on clothes will affect the service life for a long time, and once they are cured, they will quickly wear fabric fibers like sandpaper. In addition, bacteria such as spores attached to dust will further damage clothes.

C. Can dry cleaning sterilize?

Yes, but not all bacteria. Generally speaking, microorganisms on clothes can be divided into germs, caterpillars, spores and parasites. In the process of dry cleaning, germs, caterpillars and moth larvae can be killed due to the action of dry cleaning agents. Spores can be peeled off from clothes by mechanical force and then separated by a filter. For lice, it can be killed, but it can't be separated from clothes because of its strong adhesion.

D. Will dry cleaning shrink?

No. Only when it is normal and appropriate in the dry cleaning process, clothes will not shrink. If there is shrinkage, it is because the original garment factory did not do a good job of shrink-proof treatment in advance, and the second is that the dry cleaning agent was mixed with water.