English: nipple

The nipple is a part of the breast structure. There are many mammary vesicles in the breast, and each mammary vesicle has a mammary duct leading to the nipple. The milk secreted by mammary vesicles in postpartum women can drip from mammary duct to nipple. Girls' nipples will bulge alone before puberty. Since then, nipples and breasts have raised a hill. With the further enlargement of the breast, the nipple and areola protrude on the breast contour. In the mature stage, the average person's nipple protrudes outward. Unmarried women and infertile women have smaller nipples. Only after pregnancy, the breasts and nipples are affected by estrogen and progesterone of pregnant women, mammary vesicles and mammary ducts proliferate, and nipples gradually increase and become more prominent, preparing for feeding children. The normal nipple is conical, about 1.5-2 cm higher than the nipple plane. Nipple depression is not uncommon among girls before marriage, and it has no effect on their health. Of course, they can get married, have children and build a happy family. Although nipple depression is not a serious illness, if it cannot be corrected in time, it will often leave hidden dangers for the health of lactating mothers and babies, which should not be underestimated. Nipple depression can be divided into congenital and acquired types. Congenital nipple dysplasia; The day after tomorrow, because of wearing a bra too early or wearing a bra too tightly in adolescence, the nipple can not develop or even shrink because of contraction and compression. Inflammatory contracture can also cause nipple depression. Nipple depression can also be divided into three types: true nipple depression, nipple invagination and false nipple depression. If the nipple is trapped in the milk scene and not pulled higher than the old one, it is a sexual nipple depression; If the nipple turns inward and cannot be pulled out, it is also called nipple invagination; If it is on the same plane as the breast skin, it is called flat nipple, also known as false nipple depression. The above kinds of nipple depressions are all due to the poor development of smooth muscle of nipple areola, and the nipple is not prominent because the nipple internal mammary duct is too short. There are four main hazards of nipple depression: first, nipple is deeply immersed in areola skin, local dimples can not be washed away for a long time, secretions and pollutants can not be removed, giving off an unpleasant smell, which is easy to cause nipple areola inflammation, even bleeding and erosion, forming chronic inflammation; Second, the nipple can't be exposed, the mother can't breastfeed, and the baby can't suck milk, which affects the baby's development; Third, the poor discharge of maternal milk will lead to breast duct obstruction and milk deposition, which is prone to acute mastitis and breast abscess. If the mother never breastfeeds, it will also increase the chance of developing breast tumors; Fourthly, nipple depression is harmful to female chest bodybuilding and loses its proper curve. Therefore, it is necessary to actively prevent and treat nipple depression. Girls should wear bras of appropriate size according to the size of breasts to ensure that nipples can develop well. You can open a hole in the front end of the bra corresponding to the nipple, and just squeeze out the invaginated nipple after wearing the bra. Nipple depression can be corrected, and the timing of correction should be before delivery. Mild nipple depression can be treated conservatively first. Wash with warm water twice a day, and then gently pull the inverted nipple outward. Don't pull too hard to avoid damaging the nipple. You can also gently pull out when you wipe your nipple in the shower, and pull it repeatedly to make the nipple protrude. If you can't pull it out, you can put your thumb on both sides of the nipple and push it back and forth hard, three times a day, five times each time. After marriage, the man can suck his wife's inverted nipple. This kind of sucking can not only correct nipple invagination, but also prevent mammary gland inflammation, and of course make husband and wife's sexual life more harmonious. If nipple invagination is not corrected before delivery, a glass eye drop bottle can be used. The thick end is buckled on the nipple, and the thin end is connected with the syringe by a rubber tube. The air in the bottle is pumped out to make it negative pressure, and the nipple is sucked out. Take it off after a few minutes, and then pull it by hand to stop it from retracting. This method can be repeated if necessary. You can also use a 5 ml or 10 ml syringe to pull out the internal plug and connect the electric aspirator in turn. Negative pressure of 400 ~ 500 mm Hg can suck nipples. You can treat 1 time every day and inhale repeatedly. The course of treatment is 20th 1, and some slightly sunken nipples can also be pulled out. Severe nipple invagination needs plastic surgery to correct it. Under local anesthesia, several small diamond-shaped skin in areola were removed, and the fibrous tissue and smooth muscle of invaginated nipple were removed to make the nipple stand upright, and then ligation and suture were performed. The stitches were removed 7 days after operation, followed by 1 ~ 2 weeks of suction treatment to prevent recurrence.