Cutting method of papaya begonia
There are two kinds of cuttings: hardwood cuttings and cork cuttings. No matter what kind of cuttings are used, in order to promote rooting, cuttings can be treated with ABT rooting powder. The method is to prepare ABT rooting powder into solution according to the proportion of the instruction, soak the base of cutting in it for 8 ~ 12 hours, and then carry out cutting. In addition, root cutting can be carried out. The cutting substrate is sandy soil or vermiculite with good drainage.
Hard-branch cutting: In the middle and late September, the strong and sturdy lignified branches of that year are used as cuttings, or in the late March, the strong and sturdy branches of that year are used as cuttings. The cutting thickness is between 0.5- 1cm, and each section is about 15 cm. Half of the cuttings are inserted into the soil. After the cuttings are inserted, water is poured once, covered with plastic film to keep warm, and then the soil in the film is kept moist. When the temperature is too high, the plastic film can be uncovered for ventilation.
Softwood cutting is carried out from May to August. Cut short and vigorous annual semi-lignified branches from young plants that are robust and free from pests and diseases. In order to avoid water evaporation, cuttings can be cut in the early morning with the length of 10 ~ 15cm, and the lower leaves are cut off and the upper leaves are kept. The lower incision should be close to the axillary bud, and the incision depth should be 65438 of the incision length. Water is poured once after the cuttings, so that the medium is closely combined with the cuttings. In the future, the air humidity can be increased and the temperature can be lowered by spraying. Sunshade nets should be set up in the early stage of cutting to avoid direct sunlight burning leaves or causing leaf wilting. After rooting, it is necessary to increase the light appropriately to promote the leaves to produce nutrients through photosynthesis and make the seedlings grow healthily.
The method of root cutting is to combine branching, collect thick roots, spread them in the soil, cover them with soil, and soon grow seedlings.
Breeding method of papaya begonia
sow seeds
Mostly used in papaya, begonia and other varieties with high fruit setting rate. When the fruit is ripe in late autumn, peel off the seed coat, remove the pulp, take out the seeds, store them in sand, and sow them in March of the following year. Before sowing, seeds can be soaked in warm water to promote seed germination. The seedbed can be prepared by mixing 2 parts of rotten sawdust and 3 parts of yellow sand. After sowing, cover the soil with plastic film for 2 cm, keep the soil moist for about 40 days, remove the plastic film after the seedlings grow completely, and apply decomposed dilute liquid fertilizer when the height of the seedlings reaches 10 cm. Don't divide the seedlings that year, and plant them in the ground in February and March of the following year. When the seedlings grow to a height of 30 cm, they will begin to be drained to promote more new branches, and they will bloom after 2 to 3 years.
Factory division
Mostly used for tufted plants, usually in late autumn or early spring. The method is to dig out the clustered mother plants from the soil and divide them into 2-3 branches each. You can also dig out the evil branches next to the old plants and plant them separately, which is also easy to survive. Plants in late autumn should be inserted to promote wound healing, and then planted in the next spring. Early spring ramets can be planted directly.
Cutting propagation method
There are two kinds of cuttings: hardwood cuttings and cork cuttings. No matter what kind of cuttings are used, in order to promote rooting, cuttings can be treated with ABT rooting powder. The method is to prepare ABT rooting powder into solution according to the proportion of the instruction, soak the base of cutting in it for 8 ~ 12 hours, and then carry out cutting. In addition, root cutting can be carried out. The cutting substrate is sandy soil or vermiculite with good drainage.
The method of root cutting is to combine branching, collect thick roots, spread them in the soil, cover them with soil, and soon grow seedlings.
floor
Creeping begonia, which is commonly used for creeping growth, is mostly carried out in spring. The method is to cut the vigorous branches and press them into the soil, take root after 50 ~ 60 days, separate them from the mother plant in autumn or the following spring, and plant them separately.
Cultivation techniques of papaya begonia
water
Although papaya begonia is afraid of stagnant water, it likes humid environment. If there is water shortage for a long time, the leaves will become smaller, fall off and wilt, and in severe cases the plants will die. Therefore, the plants planted in the ground can be watered once in June 5438+065438+ 10, once again in early March, and once again after flowering. When summer is dry, you can water it properly and water it thoroughly every time. Pay attention to drainage in rainy season to avoid root rot caused by flood, and control watering after autumn, otherwise it is not suitable for dormancy.
Fertilize soil or land
Sufficient decomposed fertilizer should be applied as base fertilizer. After flowering, apply compound fertilizer 1 ~ 2 times a year to supplement the nutrition consumed by flowering and promote fruit development. July-August is the flower bud differentiation period, and some phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can be applied to promote flower bud differentiation and make bloom flourish in the next year. In June165438+1October, cake fertilizer was applied again to increase the tree vigor and improve the flowering quality in the coming year.
decrease
Papaya begonia is resistant to pruning. Plants planted on the ground can be pruned once a year after falling leaves in autumn or before germination in spring. Its tree shape is mainly in the form of multi-branch shrubs, and it can also be trimmed into spherical, cylindrical, basket or other shapes, and overlapping branches, cross branches, pest branches, weak branches and long branches are cut off to increase ventilation and light transmission inside the crown. Cut off the top of the old branches that have blossomed in the second year, leaving only the base of the branches to concentrate nutrition and produce more flowers.
potted landscape
Papaya begonia is also a common bonsai tree species, which is suitable for making different forms of bonsai, such as straight-dry, inclined-dry, double-dry, bent-dry, water-facing, exposed-root, jungle, multi-dry and so on. For young trees, the shape is mainly coiled and trimmed, and the trunk is tortuous, but the artificial traces should not be too heavy and the branches left should not be too dense. It's better to be dense, so that a few branches can outline the unique charm of Haitang and achieve the artistic effect of "from nature, higher than nature". Before flowering, spread moss on the surface of the basin, and arrange accessories such as stone pavilions and figures. For the old piles that have grown for many years, they should be shaped according to the tree potential and make bonsai with different styles. The crown can be made into regular circular pieces or natural shapes, and it should be trimmed and tied together to make it flourish. Some people process the trunk of Malus davidiana into several bends, which is called "Youlong style". This kind of bonsai is too artificial, lacking natural flavor and stereotyped in shape, so it should not be advocated too much. [3]
Flower control
Through manual control, potted or potted begonia papaya can bloom before the Spring Festival. The method is to put the plants into a pot after defoliation in autumn, move them into a greenhouse about 45 days before flowering, control the room temperature at 10℃~ 15℃, and spray water every 2 ~ 3 days; If the temperature is 20℃, spray water twice a day, and the sprayed water should not be too low, otherwise the buds will stop growing, and the water temperature is about 30℃. After the bud is formed, in order to make the flower strong and the leaves green, the temperature in the greenhouse should be reduced to 5℃ to 8℃ and dried for about a week. 18℃ to 15℃ to promote flowering, and flowers can bloom in 30 to 40 days; When the temperature is 20℃, it will bloom in about 25 days. When the temperature is 25℃, 15 will bloom in 20 days. Plants after flower-forcing treatment should not be placed below 0℃, otherwise the expanded buds will be frozen. Buds can be sold after they are spread out, and flowers should not be listed after they are completely open, so as to avoid petals falling off during transportation.
?