1. What is the significance and function of developing regional nucleic acid detection?

A: Nucleic acid testing is to directly find the evidence of the existence of the virus, that is, if a person is infected with the virus, there will be virus residues in the pharynx. If the virus residue is detected in the sample collected by the smear, that is to say, the test result is positive, which proves that the person has been infected with the virus. Therefore, as a criterion for diagnosing COVID-19, it is of great significance.

Recently, in order to find out the infection chain as soon as possible, block the route of transmission, control the epidemic situation, carry out regional nucleic acid detection, and actively search for potential COVID-19 infected people, which will help to further clarify the scope of the epidemic situation, and then take targeted measures to curb the epidemic situation.

2. Why do we need multiple nucleic acid screening?

A: First of all, according to the law of disease occurrence and development, any pathogen infection has a certain incubation period, and COVID-19 is no exception. The incubation period of COVID-19 is 1 ~ 14 days, mostly 3 ~ 7 days, and there are some individual differences in the incubation period.

Secondly, from the perspective of detection technology, there is the concept of detection window period. There is a process of growth and replication in the body after virus infection. Feng Zijian, deputy director of China CDC, once talked about this phenomenon. The explanation given by him is that an infected person or patient detoxifies from contact with the virus, which is professionally called "strong incubation period", while detoxification of asymptomatic infected persons is professionally called "pre-incubation period", which can also be called the window period of laboratory testing and screening. During the window period, the test may not be positive for many times, but it will be positive at the end of the incubation period. That is to say, the viral load is too low at the initial stage of infection, which is lower than the detection limit, and the positive can not be detected. This time period is the detection window period. The above-mentioned infection incubation period+detection window period makes it impossible to detect positive results at the initial stage of infection. Repeated detection can increase the probability of positive detection and find positive in time.

Thirdly, because the respiratory tract pathogens are mainly sampled by throat swab, nose swab and nose+throat swab, there are inevitably some sampling differences in the sampling process. This difference includes sampling location, depth and the amount of secretions collected. Therefore, repeated sampling detection can make up for the false negative impact that may be caused by sampling error.

3. What should I pay attention to before nucleic acid detection?

A: Nucleic acid detection is an important means to quickly detect virus infection. The most common method is "oropharyngeal swab sampling", that is, smear the throat with a sampling swab and brush the epithelial cells in the throat. The general public should pay attention before doing nucleic acid testing: in order to avoid affecting the test results, citizens should not eat within 2 hours before sampling, and should not drink water, smoke, drink or eat chewing gum within 30 minutes before sampling. Please bring your ID card and mobile phone and wear a mask correctly when sampling. Take off the mask before sampling and put it on immediately after sampling. Spare masks can be prepared and replaced at any time to prevent pollution.

4. How to avoid the spread risk caused by crowd gathering when sampling nucleic acid detection?

A: First of all, in the on-site organization and management of sampling points, clear signs should be set and access routes should be planned to ensure one-way flow of all sampling personnel. At the same time, clarify the sampling process and precautions, strengthen the maintenance of sampling order, and guide the public to do personal protection during sampling.

Secondly, individuals should also do the following in the process of nucleic acid detection and sampling:

Line up in order, do not gather, and always keep a safe distance of more than one meter. After the doctor disinfected the subjects in front with both hands, he took out a new cotton swab, quickly took off his mask and opened his mouth to sample, and put on his mask immediately after sampling.

Don't touch the items on the operating table directly with your hands, and don't put personal items such as keys, mobile phones and ID cards on the table.

When collecting oropharyngeal swab, head back, relax as much as possible, and open your mouth to make an "ah" sound and keep it, which is helpful to expose your throat and complete the sampling quickly. If you feel like coughing or vomiting because of discomfort, cover it with a paper towel or elbow.

After the sampling is completed, put on a mask immediately, keep a safe distance of more than one meter, do not talk or gather, cooperate with and obey the command of the staff, and leave the sampling point quickly and orderly as required.

Pay attention to hand hygiene and wipe your hands with hand-free disinfectant or hand-free alcohol and sterile cotton pad.

5. Is it necessary to "ah" for nucleic acid testing?

Answer: You can't make an "ah" sound during nucleic acid testing. This is because when the sampler is a positive patient, the "ah" sound may exhale a large number of viruses, forming aerosol in the sampling area, causing environmental pollution at the sampling point. When the next citizen carries out nucleic acid testing and sampling, he may inhale the virus aerosol into the respiratory tract. Therefore, during the sampling process, it is recommended not to shout or take a deep breath. Just take off the mask, open your mouth and hold your breath.

6. Some citizens reported nausea after nucleic acid preparation. Do you have any irritating substances?

A: Sampling cotton swabs look like cotton swabs, but they are not cotton swabs. Made of polyester or nylon fiber, belonging to medical instruments. Its production environment and requirements are very strict, and it has passed the quality supervision standards. The most basic standard of each product is non-toxic and harmless, and no harmful substances will be produced during the production of sampling cotton swabs. Discomfort is because different people react differently.

7. Will nucleic acid testing cause harm to human body?

Answer: It will not cause harm to human body. Only when the throat swab is collected, the swab will have a slight foreign body sensation when it goes deep into the throat.

8. Suffering from laryngitis, colds, etc. Affect COVID-19 nucleic acid detection?

A: COVID-19's nucleic acid test is a specific test, which is a manifestation of COVID-19 infection, so colds and pharyngitis will not affect the test results.

9. What should I do if I suddenly receive a phone call informing me that the nucleic acid is abnormal?

Answer: Pay attention to the authenticity of the calling number, stay calm and don't panic.

Cooperate with the flow adjustment work and carefully review your recent activity track. In the meantime, you must keep still. If possible, you can stay in a single room, wear a mask, and don't go out to avoid more social tracks, which will cause the risk of epidemic spread.

Inform people who have close contact with them recently to stop immediately, avoid going to crowded places, do a good job in self-health monitoring, and cooperate with traffic control.

10, is abnormal nucleic acid detection equal to diagnosis?

A: No. Abnormal nucleic acid detection does not mean that COVID-19 is diagnosed, and further investigation is needed to make a diagnosis. The results of nucleic acid detection may be biased in different situations, resulting in "false negative" and "false positive" results.

"False negative": The main reason is that COVID-19 patients have a "window period" and the amount of detoxification is small. When sampling infected people, it can't be detected or the test results can't reach the positive standard. "False Positive": The reagent is mainly contaminated during the process of sample collection, transportation and testing, and the test result is positive, so it needs to be re-sampled.

1 1. Citizens reported1On October 29th, the "My Huai 'an" APP crashed for a short time, which affected the detection of nucleic acid.

A: The "My Huai 'an" APP crashed for a short time, which made it impossible to open the nucleic acid sampling code. After emergency maintenance, it resumed normal use on1early morning of October 29th 1 1. When citizens go to the nucleic acid sampling point, they can log in to the "nucleic acid sampling reservation" platform in advance to take screenshots or print. If it can't be opened normally, you can register with your ID card and collect information. If there are any problems, they can communicate with the field staff to solve them.

Huaian COVID-19 epidemic situation joint prevention and control

Work headquarters office

165438+20221October 29th