The stone used in ordinary railways is called ballast stone, which is mainly used to bear the subgrade, disperse the weight of rails and trains, buffer vibration and reduce the deformation of rails. If the speed is too high, stones will splash and hurt vehicles, so the high-speed rail is replaced by concrete and asphalt mixture, which is called ballastless track.

Stone has high compressive strength and hardness. Since it is strong, it can effectively bear the weight of the train. Absorbing vibration, noise and energy is achieved by mutual friction and redistribution between stones.

Only high-strength stones can not be destroyed under long-term friction and pressure. And the ballast can also disperse the upper load to the foundation soil. Finally, the crushed stone material is easy to obtain, economical and practical, and it is very convenient to put it away and press it.

Functions and advantages of ballast

1, gravel is loose, and there is a big gap between stones. It can not only make the rainwater directly penetrate into the ground, but also make the dust in the air fall into the ground, so as not to cover the gravel surface and affect the drainage, strength and beauty.

2. At the same time, the large gap can effectively resist the freezing effect (the water freezes and expands, and the loose body can offset part of the expansion by reducing the gap), and the gravel is convenient for engineering maintenance (including the installation of railway tracks, ballasts, foundation soil under ballasts, drainage equipment, etc.). ), and can be shoveled away and directly replaced by a shovel. At the same time, it can also offset some vibration and absorb noise and other forms of energy.