Alias: birds don't spend the night, cats sting, and holly.

Scientific name: Ilex cornuta

Family: Holly

Genus: Ilex

Distribution of origin

It is produced in the Yangtze River valley and southern China. It is born in mixed forests or bushes on hillsides, valleys and streams. It is cultivated in Qingdao and Jinan, Shandong Province.

morphological character

Evergreen shrubs or small trees, 3-4m high, as high as10m. Bark is gray, smooth and not cracked; The branches spread out, dense. The leaves are hard leathery, rectangular, 4-8 cm long and 2-4 cm wide. The top of the leaf is swollen, with three big, sharp and hard teeth. The center of the teeth bends backward, and there are 1-2 big teeth on both sides of the base. The surface is dark green and shiny, and the back is light green. Sometimes the leaves are intact and the bottom is round. This kind of leaves usually grow in the upper part of the tree crown. Flowers are small, yellow-green, clustered in axils of 2-year-old branches. Drupe is spherical, bright red, 8- 10 mm in diameter, with 4 drupes. Flowering in April-May; The fruit ripens in 9- 10( 1 1) months.

biological property

Like light, slightly resistant to shade; I like warm climate and fertile moist slightly acidic soil with good drainage, and my cold tolerance is not strong. It can adapt to the urban environment and has strong resistance to harmful gases. Slow growth; Strong ability to resist sprouting and pruning. It can be propagated by sowing and cutting. In rainy season, cuttings are usually cut with soft branches and roots. Transplanting can be carried out in spring and autumn, and spring is better. When moving, be sure to bring a clay ball. Due to the scarcity of fibrous roots of Ilex cornuta, it is necessary to prevent pine cones and cut off some branches and leaves to reduce transpiration, otherwise it will be difficult to survive. Red wax scale often harms branches.

Landscape characteristics

Dense foliage, strange leaf shape, bright dark green, red fruit in autumn, bright and beautiful after winter, is a good tree species for viewing leaves and fruits. Suitable for foundation planting and rock gardens, and can also be planted alone in the center of flower beds, vestibules, intersections or lawn edges. At the same time, it is also a good hedge (with the effect of fruit hedge and thorn hedge) and potted material, and it is also interesting to choose its old pile as bonsai. Fruit branches can be inserted in bottles and will not fade for a long time.

Breeding and cultivation

It is easy to sow and propagate, and it can also be propagated by cutting. Seedlings should be shaded. You can trim shapes to cultivate all kinds of trees. Transplanting requires soil balls, which should be pruned again to ensure survival. Pay attention to the collocation of male and female plants when planting. To facilitate this result. When planted in the shade, Ceroplastes rubra is seriously harmful and produces coal pollution, so attention should be paid to prevention and control.

Ilex cornuta

Latin scientific name: Ilex cornuta

Ilex of Ilex.

Uses: Evergreen all year round with bright leaves, which can be pruned into spherical shrubs or small trees to beautify the environment.

Type: small evergreen trees

morphological character

It is a natural variety of Ilex, an evergreen shrub or small tree with lush foliage, strange leaf shape, dark green and luster. The crown is round, with small yellow-green flowers from April to May, and the drupe is spherical. At first, it was green, and it turned red when it matured in autumn. The branches were full of fruits and were bright and dazzling. After pruning and shaping, it can be made into large tree, spherical and tree bonsai, which is a good ornamental tree species.

Growth habit

Light, like warm and humid acidic and slightly alkaline soil with good drainage, strong stress resistance and pruning resistance. It grows well at -8- 10℃. Strong adaptability, most suitable for the growth of the Yangtze River basin, and resistant to pruning.

Maintenance method

water

In the vigorous growth period, it is necessary to water frequently. Generally speaking, it is necessary to keep the basin soil moist and waterless. In summer, you should always spray water on the leaves to facilitate evaporation and cooling.

(2) Fertilization

Generally, pancake fertilizer is applied every two weeks in spring and topdressing once a month in autumn. Fertilization is not needed in summer, but once in winter.

(3) Pruning

The spinless Ilex cornuta has strong germination ability and is very resistant to pruning. For landscape engineering, unnecessary long branches, sprouting branches and redundant buds can be cut off at ordinary times to maintain a certain tree shape. For the wood to be processed, certain branches can be reserved as needed to facilitate processing and modeling.

(4) Turn the basin over

Under normal circumstances, the potted plants of Ilex cornuta turn over every 2-3 years, usually in February-March in spring, or when the trees enter the human sleep period after autumn. When turning the pot, you can trim some old roots, apply sufficient base fertilizer, keep 1/2 old soil, and reload the pot.

(5) Pest control

There are few pests and diseases of Ilex spinosa, and sometimes there are black spots caused by psyllids on its branches. Before the rainy season, Bordeaux mixture or sulfur mixture can be sprayed once every 10 day from April to May. Or spray 2000 times of 50% dimethoate EC to kill overwintering psyllid in early spring, once a week 1 time, three times in a row, to prevent and control the harm of psyllid. Occasionally, lead arsenate can be used to kill scale insects when they are harmful.

(6) Maintenance site

The thorn-free Ilex cornuta is shade-resistant, so it should be placed in a humid environment. Ilex rotundifolia Convex Mu Ye.

Nickname: holly watercress

Last name: Holly

Genus name: Ilex.

Origin: native to Japan, China, Guangdong, Fujian and other places, now cultivated in North China.

Adaptation area: from the lower reaches of the Yangtze River to South China.

Central subtropical evergreen deciduous broad-leaved forest area (major cities: Wuhan, Shashi, Huangshi, Yichang, Nanchang, Jingdezhen, Jiujiang, Ji 'an, Jinggangshan, Ganzhou, Shanghai, Changsha, Zhuzhou, Yueyang, Huaihua, Jishou, Changde, Xiangtan, Hengyang, Shaoyang, Guilin, Wenzhou, Jinhua, Ningbo, Chongqing, Chengdu, Dujiangyan, etc.

South subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest area (main cities: Fuzhou, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Guangzhou, Foshan, Shunde, Dongguan, Huizhou, Shantou, Taipei, Liuzhou, Guiping and Gejiu)

Tropical monsoon rain forest area (major cities: Haikou, Sanya, Qionghai, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Shenzhen, Zhanjiang, Zhongshan, Zhuhai, Macau, Hong Kong, Nanning, Qinzhou Beihai, Maoming and Jinghong)

Ecological classification: woody plants >; evergreen shrubs

Ornamental classification: leaves

Height range: 1 (m)

Morphological characteristics: evergreen shrub, a variety of Ilex obtusifolia, with many branches, small and dense leaves, protruding leaves, thick leathery, oval to long obovate. Flowers are white, fruits are spherical and black.

Growth habit: shade tolerance

Propagation and cultivation: cutting propagation.

Landscape uses: bonsai, garden planting and viewing.