4. 1 master production information
You should know the relevant information of the project, such as land use procedures, instructions from superiors, sources of project investment, project requirements, etc.
4.2 Familiar with design
Should be familiar with the guiding ideology of design, design intent, drawings and quality requirements, and by the designer to the construction unit for design disclosure.
4.3 Field investigation
On-site investigation, the construction personnel understand the design intention and organize relevant personnel to conduct on-site investigation, which generally includes: surrounding environment, construction conditions, power supply, water source, soil source, road traffic, stacking site location, living facilities, departments that municipal administration and telecommunications should cooperate with and the basis for fixed-point setting out.
4.4 Make the construction plan
Construction scheme (construction organization design) shall be made before the project starts, including the following contents:
4.4. 1 project overview: project, project quantity, project characteristics, project advantages and disadvantages.
4.4.2 Construction method: Determine whether to adopt manual or mechanical construction, the source of labor, and whether there is social voluntary labor participation.
4.4.3 Prepare the construction procedure and schedule.
4.4.4 Construction organization: command system, division of departments, scope of responsibilities, formation of construction team, division of tasks, etc.
4.4.5 Formulate safety measures, technical specifications, quality standards and survival rate indicators.
4.4.6 Site layout: including the specific location map of water source, power supply, road traffic, material storage yard, warehouse and living facilities.
4.4.7 The construction plan shall be attached with a schedule, including electricity, water, labor, progress, mechanical transportation of seedlings and materials, dust prevention and dust reduction measures, etc.
4.5 Preparation of Construction Budget
The construction budget shall be compiled according to the design budget, project quota, site construction conditions and adopted construction methods.
4.6 Preparation of key materials
For seedlings and materials with special needs, the source, quality, price and supply should be known in advance.
4.7 Site preparation.
Cooperate with municipal, telecommunications, public utilities, transportation and other relevant units in advance to handle relevant procedures.
4.8 Other preventive measures
Labor, machinery, transportation, etc. It should be arranged in advance by specialized personnel. 6. 1 Before planting or sowing, the soil in this area should meet the requirements of planting soil.
6. 1. 1 Slag and gravel with particle size above 1.6m and asphalt, concrete and toxic organic garbage within 2m must be removed.
6. 1.2 The soil is loose, and the bulk density should not be higher than 1.3g/cm3.
6. 1.3 The soil is well drained, and the non-capillary porosity shall not be lower than 10%.
6. 1.4 Soil pH should be 7.0~8.5, and soil salt content should not be higher than 0. 12%.
6. 1.5 soil nutrient element balance, in which the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium are not less than 10g/kg, 1.0g/kg, 0.6g/kg and 17g/kg respectively.
6.2 The terrain layout of green space should be carried out in strict accordance with the vertical design requirements, and the terrain should be natural and smooth.
6.3 Lawn, flower planting area and sowing area should be fully fertilized, leveled and raked to remove sundries. Smoothness and slope should meet the design requirements.
6.4 After the land is leveled, dust prevention measures should be taken.
6.5 The minimum planting soil thickness required for the growth of garden plants should be greater than the distribution depth of plant taproots (see table 1).
Table 1 Distribution depth of garden plant taproot unit: cm
Vegetation types Herbaceous flowers Ground cover plants Small shrubs Large shrubs Shallow-rooted trees Deep-rooted trees 7. 1 Before digging planting holes and planting troughs, you should know about underground pipelines and hidden objects buried by relevant units.
7.2 The fixed-point lofting of planting holes and pits shall meet the following requirements:
7.2. 1 The fixed-point lofting of planting holes and planting grooves shall meet the requirements of design drawings, with accurate positions and obvious marks.
7.2.2 After the planting hole is fixed, the position of the center point should be marked, and the planting groove should be marked by the sideline.
7.2.3 Fixed-point signs shall indicate the name (or code) and specifications of tree species.
7.2.4 In case of obstacles, trees should contact the design unit in time and make appropriate adjustments.
7.3 The size of planting holes and planting grooves should be determined according to the root system of seedlings, the diameter of soil balls and the soil conditions. Planting holes and planting grooves must be dug vertically, and the upper and lower parts are equal, and the specifications should comply with the provisions in Table 2~ 6.
Table 2 Specification of planting holes for evergreen trees Unit: cm
Tree height, soil ball diameter, planting hole depth, planting hole diameter
/kloc-above 0/50 150 ~ 250 250 ~ 400 400
Over 40 ~ 50, over 70 ~ 80 and over 80 ~ 100 140
Above 50 ~ 60, above 80 ~ 90 and above 90 ~ 10 120
More than 80 ~ 90100 ~10/20 ~130180
Table 3 Specification of planting holes for deciduous trees Unit: cm
DBH planting hole depth planting hole diameter DBH planting hole depth planting hole diameter
2~3 30~40 40~60 5~6 60~70 80~90
3~4 40~50 60~70 6~8 70~80 90~ 100
4~5 50~60 70~80 8~ 10 80~90 100~ 1 10
Table 4 specification unit of flowering shrub planting hole: cm
Crown diameter planting hole depth planting hole diameter
200 70~90 90~ 1 10
100 60~70 70~90
Table 5 Specification unit of bamboo planting hole: cm
Planting hole depth and planting hole diameter
It is 20-40% larger than the thickness of filler or soil ball and 40-60% larger than the diameter of filler or soil ball.
Table 6 Specification of Hedge Planting Trough Unit: cm
The planting height is single row and double row.
30~50 30×40 40×60
50~80 40×40 40×60
100~ 120 50×50 50×70
120~ 150 60×60 60×80
7.4 The good soil and waste soil excavated from planting holes and planting troughs should be treated separately, and the bottom should be backfilled with proper amount of good soil.
7.5 When the soil is dry, it should be soaked before planting. 9. 1 Before planting, the root system of seedlings should be trimmed, the cracked root, diseased root and excessively long root should be cut off, and the crown should be adjusted according to the size and quality of the root system. Prune to keep the growth balance between the above-ground and underground parts.
9.2 Tree pruning shall meet the following requirements:
9.2. 1 Deciduous trees should keep their original tree shape and be properly thinned to keep the main side branches evenly distributed. The remaining main lateral branches should be cut off above the robust leaf buds, and the branches can be cut off 1/5~2/3. Trees with main shoots should keep the main shoots, such as ginkgo biloba, which can only be thinned and cannot be cut off, and other pruning-resistant tree species such as Sophora japonica and Luanshan Mountain.
9.2.2 For evergreen conifers, only plant diseases and insect pests, dead branches, weak branches, over-dense rotation and drooping techniques shall be cut off.
9.2.3 For trees used as street trees, the height of the branch point should be greater than 2.8m, and the branches above the branch point should be drained or chopped as appropriate.
9.3 Shrubs and rattan pruning shall meet the following requirements:
9.3. 1 There are obvious trunk shrubs. When pruning, the original tree type should be maintained, the main branches should be evenly distributed, and the length of main branches should not exceed 1/2.
9.3.2 The reserved branches of clumped shrubs are more than 30cm, and the branches of dry shrubs should be properly thinned.
9.3.3 Seedlings used as hedges, color blocks and shapes shall be pruned according to the design requirements after planting.
9.3.4 Rattan seedlings should be cut off from dead branches, pests and diseases, and parts that affect beauty. Rattan trees can cut off staggered branches and lateral branches.
9.4 The quality of seedling pruning shall meet the following requirements:
9.4. 1 The incision should be smooth without splitting.
9.4.2 When cutting short branches, external buds should be left, and the incision should be located 0.5 cm above the bud position.
9.4.3 When pruning large branches and thick roots with a diameter of more than 2 cm, the section must be flattened and coated with preservatives.
9.5 For deciduous trees transplanted in the growing season, they should be pruned according to different tree species on the premise of maintaining the tree shape to ensure survival.