Common ear diseases
Deafness, tinnitus, otosclerosis, motion sickness, sudden deafness, otitis media, Meniere's disease, pseudocyst of auricle, congenital preauricular fistula, external auditory canal mycosis.
Other ear diseases
Aspirin intolerance triad, middle ear cancer, temporal bone fracture, auricle trauma, preauricular fistula, otitis externa and furuncle, auricle perichondritis, cerumen embolism.
Otitis bullosa, deafness, tympanic membrane trauma, otogenic hydrocephalus, intermittent impulse noise injury, acute suppurative mastoiditis, branchial fistula, diving inner ear injury, vestibular neuritis, temporal petrositis, etc.
Damage factors: Long-term work in a noise environment with a noise level greater than 90dB will cause damage to the cochlea, and the degree of cochlear damage is affected by the following factors.
(1) Time: The longer you work in a noisy environment, the greater your hearing loss.
(2) Noise intensity and nature: High frequency and intensity will seriously damage hearing. Intermittent noise is more harmful than persistent noise. Vibration plus noise is more harmful than simple noise.
(3) Working environment factors: Narrow workplaces are more susceptible than open working environments, and the closer they are to noise sources, the more susceptible they are.
(4) Physical condition: Middle-aged and elderly people are more vulnerable to noise than young people, the weak are more vulnerable than the strong, and people who have had sensorineural deafness or otitis media are more vulnerable, and their sensitivity varies with their physical fitness.
Pathology: Under the influence of long-term noise stimulation, the blood circulation of cochlea vascular stria first appeared disorder, the hair cells of spiral organ were damaged and fell off, and in severe cases, the inner hair cells were also damaged, followed by degeneration of spiral ganglion, especially the terminal segment and the second circle of cochlear base circle. Close to the tympanum, with thin blood vessels, it is easily affected by noise. The basilar circle of cochlea mainly receives 4000Hz sound stimulation, so the hearing loss of early patients is more obvious at 4000 Hz. Some people think it is related to the vibration of the external auditory canal, because the vibration frequency of the external auditory canal is about 3,000 ~ 4,000Hz.
clinical picture
The main symptoms are progressive hearing loss and tinnitus. The hearing loss in the early stage is 4,000Hz, so it has no obvious effect on ordinary speech. Only in the audiometer examination, it was found that hearing loss gradually developed to high and low frequencies, and finally generally declined. At this time, I feel hearing loss, and in severe cases, I can be completely deaf. Tinnitus and deafness can occur simultaneously or separately, often with high-pitched tinnitus, which disturbs people day and night.