The battle of Changbanpo took place in the thirteenth year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty, in Changbanpo near Dangyang, Yichang today. The two sides are Liu Bei and Cao Cao. Liu Bei was defeated by Cao Cao and fled with the people.
In this battle, Liu Bei's army suffered heavy losses, and his two daughters were captured by Cao Chun. Liu Bei won the time to escape because Zhang Fei broke the bridge according to the water, while Mrs. Gan and Zhao Yun survived under the protection. After the war, Liu Bei gave up his plan to go to Jiangling and went to Jiangxia to see Liu Qi, the eldest son of Liu Biao.
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The historical background of the Battle of Changbanpo: In the 13th year of Jian 'an of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty (AD 208), Cao Cao led an army to Jingzhou. In August of that year, Liu Biao died of illness, and his second son, Liu Cong, came to the throne without a fight, but he dared not tell Liu Bei about it, and Liu Bei didn't know about it.
After Liu Bei knew it, he sent someone to ask Liu Cong, and Liu Cong ordered Song to inform Liu Bei. By this time, Cao had arrived in Wancheng. Hearing this, Liu Bei was terrified and ashamed to kill Zhong Song, so he led the people to escape.
At this point, Zhuge Liang and others advised Liu Bei to take this opportunity to attack Liu Cong, occupy Jingzhou, and resist Cao Jun according to the city, but Liu Bei could not bear to seize Jingzhou, because this was the inheritance of Liu Biao. Many people in Jingzhou abandoned Liu Cong to take refuge in Liu Bei, and hundreds of thousands of people were willing to follow Liu Bei to escape.
Someone advised Liu Bei to abandon them and ride forward lightly, but Liu Bei said, "People must be the foundation of great events. People are mine now, how can I have the heart to abandon them! " So he led his peers, but the marching speed was very slow. On the other hand, Liu Bei sent Guan Yu to lead the water army and marched from the waterway to Jiangling.
In September, Cao Cao heard the news of Liu Bei's escape, fearing that Liu Bei would seize Jiangling first, so he sent Cao Chun and 5,000 men to attack Jiangling and catch up with Liu Beijun near Dangyang.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Battle of Changbanpo