Kiwi is a kind of fruit tree that likes light. When choosing a garden in a mountainous area, you should choose the sunny south slope, southeast slope and southwest slope, and the slope is generally not more than 30? So as to facilitate later soil preparation and shed construction and reduce the loss of soil moisture and nutrients.
Fertilize soil or land
Kiwifruit likes fertilizer and is afraid of scalding. Its growth quantity and potential determine the urgency of its demand for fertilizer. In addition, due to the predatory working psychology of highlighting yield in production, kiwifruit will yellow, split leaves and stop growing once it lacks inorganic nutrients, so kiwifruit is sensitive to fertilizer, but its fleshy root system is also sensitive to soil salt concentration (especially continuous high temperature and drought), thus forming new contradictions. In view of this, it is necessary to master the fertilization of kiwifruit in production.
The annual fertilizer requirement of kiwifruit is as follows: the demand for N and K is large in the early stage, and it is best to apply it in the form of base fertilizer after fruit picking in autumn, with 5000kg/667 square meters of fertilizer and 243 kg/667 square meters of mixed calcium superphosphate.
From germination to flowering and fruiting, appropriate topdressing, mainly calcium, magnesium, boron, iron, manganese and other elements. This top dressing accounts for 2/3 of the whole year. In August, available phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were mainly used, and the application rates were N 15 ~ 20kg//667m2, P5 ~ 7kg/667m2 and K6 ~ 8kg/667m2. Top dressing accounts for 1/3 of the whole year.
moisture
The main reason why kiwifruit likes water and is afraid of waterlogging is that it is a broad-leaved fruit tree, especially in summer, its leaves have strong transpiration and water demand is relatively large. Therefore, it is generally desirable to keep the soil water content at 70% in June, July and August, but at the same time, kiwifruit root system is fleshy and has strong respiration, which requires high oxygen content in the soil, that is, it must have the necessary soil permeability. So according to the relationship between soil water and gas, it is not allowed to water too much. This is a very contradictory unity. What should we do? Therefore, we must plant grass on the ground, increase the application of organic fertilizer, strengthen the water storage capacity of soil, and emphasize the scientific water use principle of saving water first and irrigation second.
In production, many orchards die of a large number of unexplained trees in summer and autumn. In fact, they were drowned by watering trees. Kiwifruit trees will never die of drought, only from waterlogging. Many fruit farmers have experience. If it rains continuously in summer, or just after watering the ground, once the weather clears up and the temperature rises rapidly, many kiwifruits will wither when they stand up (commonly known as afternoon). These trees will die soon if they are not dealt with in time. This is typical of love the water's fear of waterlogging.
Kiwifruit has dense branches and leaves, shallow root distribution, and is neither drought-resistant nor waterlogging-tolerant, so Kiwifruit Garden needs irrigation and drainage equipment such as irrigation canals, drainage ditches, drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation equipment. Economic water is drip irrigation, and the water supply is uniform; Sprinkler irrigation needs a lot of water, but it also plays a great role. In summer, sprinkler irrigation can not only supply water for roots, but also increase air humidity and reduce the temperature of trees. Sprinkler irrigation has antifreeze effect in early spring and autumn and winter.
Sprinkler irrigation is suitable for large fruit trees. The distance between nozzles shall be subject to the mutual contact of water spraying energy, such as 24×2 1m in France, which is arranged in a triangle, and each nozzle has 4-6 atmospheres.
The flowering period needs a slightly dry climate, which is conducive to bee pollination. Therefore, 7- 10 days of flowering is not suitable for irrigation, but should be fully irrigated before flowering, generally combined with fertilization. Pay attention to drainage in rainy season, and control irrigation in autumn after rainy season, so as not to affect the ripening of fruits and vines. Irrigation is required 1-2 times before winter in late autumn. In the northeast, water should be frozen.
control of insect
white mulberry root bark
It can be controlled by spraying cartap 1000 times solution; Root-knot nematodes can be controlled by using1-4kg of 40% phosphorus solution per mu.
Flower rot
Before flower bud, use 3-5 baumeishi sulfur mixture or 500 times solution of 65% zineb wettable powder.
leaf blight
It can be controlled with 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 800- 1000 times.
gray mold
Use dijundan 1000 times solution or zineb 800 times solution for control.
Soft rot and mature rot
It can be controlled with carbendazim 800- 1000 times solution.
Extended data:
Edible taboo
1, kiwi fruit and cucumber
Destroying vitamin C Cucumber contains vitamin C decomposing enzymes, which can destroy vitamin C in food. In order to avoid destroying vitamin C in kiwifruit, try not to eat these two foods at the same time.
2. Kiwifruit and animal liver
Reduce the nutritional value. Kiwifruit is rich in vitamin C, and animal liver is rich in copper and iron plasma, which can oxidize vitamin C in food, thus reducing its nutritional value.
3. Kiwi and milk
Affect digestion and absorption. Because vitamin C is easy to condense with protein in dairy products, it not only affects digestion and absorption, but also causes abdominal distension, abdominal pain and diarrhea. Therefore, after eating kiwifruit rich in vitamin C, you must not drink milk or eat other dairy products immediately.
4. Kiwi and shrimp
Eating kiwi fruit with shrimp will be poisoned.
5. Kiwi and crab
It is easy to cause poisoning. Crabs contain pentavalent arsenic compounds, which are harmless to human body. However, if it is eaten with kiwi fruit rich in vitamin C, pentavalent arsenic meets vitamin C, which transforms pentavalent arsenic into trivalent arsenic, that is, highly toxic arsenic. If eaten together for a long time, with the accumulation of poisons, it can cause poisoning symptoms such as convulsions and nausea.
6. Kiwi and white radish
Induce goiter. Kiwi can't be eaten with white radish. Eating together can lead to goiter.
7. Kiwi and carrots
Reduce the nutritional value. Kiwi is rich in vitamin C, and carrot contains a vitamin C enzyme substance, which can destroy vitamin C. If both of them are eaten at the same time, their original nutritional value will be reduced.