Putian has a long history and a large number of talented people. It was once known as "Zou Lu on the seaside" and "a country famous for literature". In more than 1,200 years since the Tang Dynasty, more than 2,000 Jinshi, 10 Number One Scholars, and 8 Prime Ministers have emerged. There are 98 people in the Twenty-Four Histories of China, and 99 works by Xinghua people are included in the "Sikuquanshu". There are "nine governors in one family", "five bachelors in one discipline", "six scholars in one household", There are romantic stories such as "Two champions in one subject", "Kui Yazhan double standard", "Two brothers became prime ministers", "Six ministers accounted for five", "Father, son and brothers became officials in the same court". They are like brilliant stars, shining in the galaxy of history, each leading the way and setting an example for future generations.

Lin Pi (AD 733 - 802), whose courtesy name was Mao Ze and Mao Yan, was born in Putian County. In the eleventh year of Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty (752), he was promoted to the rank of General Leling, moved to Zhangzhou, Sima, and Kangzhou (today's Deqing, Guangdong), and was demoted to Cao Rong of Linting County. , changed to the order of Linjiang (now Zhongxian County, Sichuan). Later, he was given the title of Linting Biejia to know the state affairs. At the end of the official career, the prince inspected the school and served as a farewell driver in Suzhou. He was given a purple gold fish bag and the Shangzhu Kingdom. Lin Pi had nine sons, all of whom were governors and governors, and were known as the "Jiu Mu Lin Family".

Xu Yin (date of birth and death unknown), whose courtesy name is Zhaomeng, was born in Chengxiang District, Putian City. In the first year of Tang Qianning (894), he was elected as a Jinshi. In the first year of Liang Kaiping (907), he tried again and won the first place. He was the first number one scholar in Fujian history. Because Liang Taizu pointed out the sentence "Where will the three emperors and the five emperors go unless they die" in his "Ode on the Geometry of Life" and asked him to rewrite it, Xu Yin replied: "I have no official position, and the Fu cannot be changed." Taizu angrily cut off his name. Returning to the east, the king of Fujian hired him as a magistrate and appointed him as an official secretary. Later he returned to his hometown and lived in seclusion. There are "Xu Zhengzi Collection" and "Sikuquanshu" of the Qing Dynasty, and the poems are also included in "Quan Tang Poetry".

Huang Tao (840-911 AD), courtesy name Wenjiang, was born in Chengxiang District, Putian City. In the second year of Qianning of the Tang Dynasty (895), he became a Jinshi and a doctor of the four gates of the Guoguozi. Because of the eunuchs' chaos in the government, he angrily abandoned his post and returned to his hometown. Wang Shenzhi was in charge of Fujian, and he taught the imperial censor Li Xing, and served as a military commander in charge of military affairs. Huang Tao is a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty. "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty" contains more than 100 of his poems. He also edited 30 volumes of "Quanshan Xiuju Collection", a collection of poems written by Fujian people in the Tang Dynasty, which played a certain role in protecting Fujian culture. He was an early litterateur in Putian and is known as the "original ancestor of articles" in central Fujian. His work "Collection of Huang Yushi" was included in "Sikuquanshu" and "Congshu Ji".

Chen Hongjin (914-985 AD), whose courtesy name was Jichuan and Zhixian, was a native of Fengting, Xianyou County. He was born in the army and joined the Quanzhou Commandery Envoy Liu Congxiao. Due to his military merits, he was named the Capital School of the Ma Bu Army by King Yanzheng, the ruler of Fujian. In 945 AD, the Qingyuan Army was established in Quanzhou, and Chen Hongjin was transferred to the Qingyuan Military Envoy. Later, he was promoted to the Qingyuan Army Jiedu, and also served as the observation envoy to Zhangzhou and Quanzhou. In the eighth year of Kaibao in the Song Dynasty (975), after Song Taizong came to the throne, Chen Hongjin assessed the situation and followed the historical trend. In the third year of Taiping and Xingguo (978), 14 counties under the jurisdiction of Xianquan and Zhangzhou were included in the territory of the Song Dynasty, making positive contributions to the unification of the country. , was awarded the title of Tongping Zhangshi, the military governor of Wuning Army. The following year, he followed Taizong to regain Taiyuan, and was later granted the title of Duke of Qi and Duke of Qi by the Jin Dynasty, and was given a mansion in Xiangfu County, Kaifeng. He died of illness in 985 AD, and two days after the imperial court was abolished, Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty presented him with a written order, giving him the posthumous title of "Zhongshun" and the posthumous title of King of Nankang County in the East China Sea.

Cai Xiang (1011-1067 AD), courtesy name Junmo and alias Puyang Jushi, was a native of Fengting, Xianyou County. In the eighth year of Song Tiansheng's reign (1030), he became a Jinshi at the age of 19. He has successively served as an admonisher, a Privy Councilor, a Bachelor of Longtuge, a Bachelor of Hanlin Academy, a Third Secretary of Envoy, and a Bachelor of Duanming Palace. He served as the transfer envoy of Fujian Road and knew the affairs of Quanzhou, Fuzhou, Hangzhou and Kaifeng. He is upright and outspoken. In the third year of Jing ネ You (1036), Fan Zhongyan and other four ministers opposed the powerful prime minister Lu Yijian and were demoted. Cai Xiang wrote a poem "Four Virtues and One Unworthy" to criticize this incident and became famous. He was 25 years old at the time. When he was a local official, he cared about the sufferings of the people, exempted people from excessive taxes, built water conservancy projects, greened official roads, banned vulgar customs, and benefited the people. In the fourth year of Song Qingli's reign (1044), he petitioned to reduce the Dingkou tax in Fuzhou; when he took office in Quanzhou, he presided over the construction of the famous Luoyang Bridge (Wan'an Bridge) at home and abroad, which promoted the prosperity and development of Quanzhou's trade. He also wrote books such as "Lychee Pu" and "Tea Records", making outstanding contributions to tea and fruit cultivation. "Lychee Pu" is one of the earliest monographs on fruit tree cultivation in the world. In recent years, it has been translated into English, French and other languages ??and spread overseas. He has profound attainments in poetry and prose, and the "Collected Works of Cai Zhonghui" has been handed down to the world; he is good at calligraphy, and is as famous as Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, and Mi Fu, and is known as the four great masters of the Song Dynasty. After Cai Xiang died of illness, the great writer Ouyang Xiu wrote an epitaph for him, and he was buried in Jinling, Fengting, Xianyou County.

Cai Jing (1047-1126 AD), named Yuan Chang, was born in Fengting, Xianyou County. In the third year of Xining in the Northern Song Dynasty (1070), he and his younger brother Cai Bian were elected as Jinshi. They were first appointed as captains in Qiantang, Zhejiang (now Hangzhou City), and as officials in Shuzhou (now Qianshan, Anhui). He later served as Qi Lang and was sent as envoy to the Liao Kingdom. After returning, he was promoted to Zhongshu Sheren. He participated in supporting Wang Anshi's reform. In the first year of the Song and Yuan Dynasties (1086), Sima Guang was appointed prime minister, abolished Wang Anshi's new law, and restored the service system. Cai Jing actively followed Sima Guang and was appreciated. In the first year of Shaosheng (1094), Cai Jing was appointed as the Secretary of the Ministry of Household Affairs. At this time, Sima Guang was dead. He also helped Zhang Xianxiang re-implement the new law and promote the labor service system, which was appreciated by Zhang Xianxiang. After Huizong came to the throne, Cai Jing was demoted to bachelor of Longtuge in Duanming Palace, and soon he was demoted to Hangzhou to serve.

After the first year of Chongning (1102), Cai Jing was reused again and served successively as the magistrate of Daming Prefecture, Shangshu of the Ministry of Household Affairs, Zuocheng, Youpuse, Taishi, etc., and served as prime minister five times. He restored the new law, demoted the ministers of the Yuan Dynasty as "treacherous party members", and erected party monuments at the Duanli Gate and various government offices; he also advocated the theory of "Fengheng Henan University", built large-scale construction projects, built palaces, and established Taoist temples. , increasing the burden on the people. Cai Jing misbehaved in his later years. During the Jingkang period of Song Dynasty (1126), he was exiled to Lingnan (now Guangzhou, Guangdong) by Emperor Qinzong. He died in Tanzhou (now Changsha, Hunan) on the way at the age of 80.

Zheng Qiao (AD 1104-1162 Yuan) whose courtesy name was Yu Zhong. He is known as Mr. "Jiahuji" and Mr. "Xixi" in the world. A native of Guangyeli in Xinghua County (now Putian County) during the Song Dynasty. A famous historian in the Southern Song Dynasty. When he was 16 years old, his brother Zheng Hou settled in a cottage at the foot of Yuewang Mountain and studied hard. He read a lot of books and did not participate in the imperial examination. He was determined to "collect all the books in the world into one book". He spent 30 years writing books and 10 years searching for pictures, leaving 81 books and more than 900 volumes in his lifetime. He was the first to establish the system of general history of China, and wrote "Tongzhi" in 200 volumes and more than 5 million words. Together with Du You's "Tongdian" and Ma Duanlin's "Wenwen Tongkao", it is also known as the "Three Links in the World" and was highly praised by later generations. high. "Tongzhi", "Erya Notes", "Jiahuoji Posthumous Manuscript", "Six Classics Public Opinion", etc. are all included in "Sikuquanshu".

Ye Yuye (1100-1167 AD), named Zi'ang, was born in Xianyou County and was a Jinshi in the second year of Shaoxing in the Song Dynasty (1132). He first served as the chief registrar of Nanhai County (now the northern part of the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong Province) and acting county captain, and later learned about Changzhou (now Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province). When Xiaozong came to the throne, he was called Shangshu Lang and You Si Jian, served as Minister of the Ministry of Personnel, and acted as Minister of the Ministry of Personnel. In the first year of Qiandao (1165), he was re-appointed as Privy Councilor of Signing Letters, Bachelor of Duanming Palace, Councilor for Political Affairs and Privy Councilor. The following year he was dismissed from power, and later he was called to minister Zuopushe and other posts. After his death, he was given the posthumous title "Zhengjian" as a gift to his young master. Ye Yuye is a simple man, honest and fair, strict with himself and not seeking personal gain. From the time he first became an official until he became prime minister, his land and residence remained unchanged.

Chen Junqing (1113-1186 AD), whose courtesy name is Yingqiu, was born in Chengxiang District, Putian City. In the eighth year of Shaoxing in the Song Dynasty (1138), he ranked second in Jinshi and was awarded Quanzhou Observation and Promotion Officer. Later, he was transferred to the professor of Mu Zongyuan, and the school secretary Langzhao was appointed as the supervisory censor and the imperial censor. He refused to rely on Qin Hui, advocated resistance to Jin, and opposed peace negotiations. When Xiaozong came to the throne, he was placed in a high position and moved to Zhongshushe. He was appointed as the magistrate of Jianghuai Xuanfu and acted as agent for Jiankang Prefecture (today's Nanjing, Jiangsu Province). In the first year of Qiandao (1165), he entered Beijing and served as the minister of the Ministry of official affairs, where he also studied national history. In the fourth year of Qiandao (1168), he was appointed prime minister and took the selection of talents as his own responsibility. In the eighth year of Chunxi's reign (1181), he submitted a letter to resign and return to his hometown. Before his death, he wrote in his handwriting to instruct all his disciples not to pray for favors and not to ask for posthumous titles or erect monuments. After his death, Emperor Xiaozong gave him the posthumous title Zhengxian as the grand master. Zhu Xi came all the way to express his condolences and wrote a memorial for him.

Lin Guangchao (1114-1178 AD), named Qianzhi and Aixuan, was a native of Putian County and a Jinshi in the first year of Song Longxing (1163). In his early years, he received the true biography of Zhou Dunyi, a famous Neo-Confucian scholar, and gave lectures in Putian Dongjing, Hongquan, Pulong and other book halls. Later scholars called him the "Hongquan School" and respected him as "Nan Confucius". He summoned the right one with his famous Confucian name and served as the prince of the country to offer wine and to serve as the prince Zuo Yude. At the end of his official career, he became the Minister of the Ministry of Industry, with the posthumous title of "Wen Jie". There is "Collected Works of Ai Xuan" included in "Sikuquanshu".

Zheng Qiao (AD 1132-1202), whose courtesy name was Uncle Hui and whose nickname was Huixi, was from Xianyou County. In the fifth year of Qiandao's reign (1169) in Song Dynasty, he won the first prize in the examination. He has successively served as the transfer secretary, Zuo Lang, editor of the Academy of National History, secretary of the Ministry of Personnel, living room minister, Zuo Shuzi, concurrently serving as the minister of affairs, doctor of the Ministry of Rites and concurrently serving as lecturer. He once served as the prefect of Jianning (now Jianou County, Fujian Province), Jiankang (now Nanjing), and Fuzhou. Ning Zong ascended the throne and called him Minister of the Ministry of Personnel. After the first year of Qingyuan, he became a scholar of political affairs, a scholar of the Privy Council, a bachelor of Zizheng Palace, a bachelor of Guanwen Palace, etc. In his later years, he resigned and returned to his hometown. After his death, he was given the posthumous title of "Zhonghui" to the Grand Master and Duke of Xi.

Wang Mai (AD 1184-1248), whose courtesy name was Shizhi and whose name was Guixuan, was from Xianyou County. He became a Jinshi in the 10th year of Jiading (1217) in the Southern Song Dynasty. He has successively served as the detailed official of the palace examination, professor of Nanjing University of Foreign Affairs and Trade, the observation and promotion officer of Tanzhou (now Changsha City, Hunan Province), the general judge of Ganzhou and Jizhou (now Ji'an City, Jiangxi Province), and the military commander of Shaowu Army. He is a fair official and dares to speak out and give strong advice. He was highly regarded by Zheng Qing, the prime minister of the dynasty. Wang Mai was also a poet and writer in the Southern Song Dynasty. He wrote 27 volumes of "Guixuan Collection", which was included in "Sikuquanshu".

Liu Kezhuang (1187-1269 AD), also known as Qianfu, was a layman from Hou Village and a native of Chengxiang District, Putian City. In the second year of Jiading in the Song Dynasty (1209), Yin entered the official position, and in the first year of Chunyou (1241), he was specially awarded the same Jinshi. He successively served as the governor of Guizhou (now Guilin, Guangxi), the county magistrate of Jianyang, the counselor of the Fujian Shuaisi, the promoter of Guangzhou, and the magistrate of Chaozhou. The Shaoqing of Etaifu served as the editor of the National History Academy, the reviewer of the Record Academy, and the storyteller of Chongzheng Palace. A native of Shushe, he went out to Zhangzhou and Fujian for punishment as a bachelor of Longtuge. Then he was called into the Ci Hall to write with fellow practitioners, to live in the house, and to serve as a lecturer. Lei Qian was appointed Minister of the Ministry of War, Minister of the Ministry of Power and Industry, and concurrently Minister of the Ministry of Industry. After his death, he was given silver to Dr. Qing Guanglu and was given the posthumous title of "Wen Ding". Liu Kezhuang was an upright person, dissatisfied with those in power for burying talented people, and dared to criticize the shortcomings of the government. He served as an official for more than 30 years and was dismissed nine times. Unable to realize his political ambitions, he devoted his life to articles and poetry. His poetry has the style of Xin Qiji's and Lu You's poetry, and is full of patriotism and compassion for the people. It is an important part of Song poetry. Later generations compiled his works, which were called "The Complete Works of Houcun Lay Scholars" in 190 volumes, and were included in "Sikuquanshu".

Chen Wenlong (1232-1277 AD), also known as Junben and Degang, was a native of Chengxiang District, Putian City. His original name was Zilong. He won the first prize in the fifth year of Xianchun of Song Dynasty (1269), and was named Wenlong by Du Zong. He successively served as the secretary of the province, the military judge of Zhendong (now northwest Jilin Province), the storyteller of Chongzheng Palace, the censor of supervision, the prefect of Fuzhou, the governor of Zuo, the censor of Shi, the governor of political affairs, the military governor of Xinghua, and the governor of Fujian. Guangxuanfu and other positions. Chen Wenlong was a general in the Southern Song Dynasty who fought against the Yuan Dynasty. He once wrote a letter to impeach Prime Minister Jia Sidao for seeking peace and harming the country. He was attacked and resigned angrily. After the Yuan soldiers fell in Fuzhou, they sent people to persuade them to surrender, but they were severely rejected. They killed the surrender envoys, spent all their wealth to recruit soldiers, and held the banner of "live as a Song official, die as a Song ghost" to defend Xinghua City. Later, he was arrested for rebelling against General Kaicheng and surrendered to the Yuan Dynasty. He refused to surrender and was sent north with weapons, and went on a hunger strike all the way. While passing through Hangzhou to visit Yue Fei Temple, he died of breathlessness and was buried next to Zhiguo Temple in West Lake, Hangzhou. He was hailed as the "Yue Fei" of Fujian by future generations.