1. Cold-proof fertilization: apply hot fertilizers such as burning soil, plant ash and farmyard manure, and rationally use foliar fertilizer to enhance cold resistance. Each plant can be applied with decomposed livestock manure, farm manure 5 ~ 10 kg or cake fertilizer12 kg, and lime powder 0.5 ~ 1 kg can be sprinkled around the trees. After the rain clears, spray 0. 1 ~ 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaves.
At the same time of fertilization, it is combined with ditching or covering, and a layer of straw or plant ash is placed in the tree tray, and then a mound with a height of 10 ~ 20cm is cultivated around the trunk to improve the soil temperature and the cold resistance of the trees themselves.
2. Whitening trunk: Whitening trunk, which is both cold-proof and sterilization. Preparation method of white coating agent: 0/0 kg of quicklime/kloc-,0.5 kg of salt, 40 kg of water and 0/~ 2 kg of clay/kloc-; First, mix quicklime with salt water, then add clay and stir thoroughly, and then add water and stir evenly. Brush the trunk and the base of the main branch evenly on sunny days. When coating liquid, it should be dried properly, so that it should not fall off when coating, tilt up after drying and fall off.
3. Orchard smoking: combined with clearing the garden in winter, weeds and pruned branches and leaves in the orchard are eradicated and ignited before the arrival of cold current and low temperature, so that a layer of smoke is formed over the orchard to reduce freezing damage. Pay attention to prevent fire when smoking and preventing cold. In production practice, plant ash after being smoked in orchard is applied to trees, which has a good cold-proof effect.
4. Root irrigation: irrigate with well water to improve the water content and ground temperature of soil and prevent freezing injury caused by sudden drop of near-surface temperature. When there is frost, spray water on the leaves before the sun comes out in the morning to prevent the sun from frostbite the leaves.
5. Disease prevention and tree protection: In cold and rainy weather, it is necessary to trim damaged branches in time, remove dead leaves, and focus on burning outside the garden to prevent diseases. At this time, it is prone to a variety of diseases, leading to falling flowers and fruits. You can choose 45% prochloraz EC 500 times solution, 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 800 times solution and 80% tebuconazole water dispersible granule 500 ~ 800 times solution, and spray/kloc-0 once every 5 ~ 7 days for 2 ~ 3 times in total.
6. Pruning and shaping: For the treatment of cold damaged trees, the dry branches and terminal buds of lightly damaged trees are cut off, combined with pruning and shaping, and the short and sparse crown is re-cultivated, with good results. The inclination of the incision should be 20 ~ 30. Incisions larger than 5 cm in diameter should be coated, and the coating agent can be paint or asphalt.