Polysemous words.
Flora of China (1): the correct Chinese name of rose.
Generally refers to any plant of Rosa.
In the industry of fresh cut flowers, especially modern Chinese rose.
Sometimes it also refers to Turkish rose Damascus rose, French rose gallica, Venice rose centifolia and so on. Used to refine rose perfume.
The "pink rose" in herbal tea is the Turkish rose Rosa damascena. Authentic "rose essential oil" is actually Turkish rose essential oil.
(1) rose, red rose, deciduous shrub of Rosaceae. There are thorns on the stem. There are two kinds of flowers, purple and white, which are shaped like roses and Chinese rose. Generally used as ingredients for candied fruit, cakes and other foods. Petals and roots are used as medicine, and purple roses are used as medicine.
Roses, also known as falling flowers and thorn pears, are picked when the buds open in April and May every year and quickly dried with slow fire. When drying, spread the flowers into a thin layer, with the corolla facing down, so that the flowers can be dried first, and the rest can be turned over to dry. If dried, the color and smell are very poor. As a medicine, it is best to have strong fragrance, large flowers, thick petals, purple color and bright color. Roses are warm, sweet, slightly bitter, enter the liver and spleen, and have the effects of regulating qi, relieving depression, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.
(2) "Rose" (actually Chinese rose) has many colors: red, yellow, white, purple ... all kinds of languages representing meaning or love.
The flower language of "rose" (actually Chinese rose)
Black Rose: You are the devil, I own you.
Green Rose: Pure and simple, young and long, I only love you.
Orange Rose: Shyness, a mysterious love for you.
Bouquet of roses: happy love
Purple rose: melancholy, dreamy, dreamy.
Yellow roses: infidelity, jealousy, joy, happiness, apology
White Rose: Naive, pure, respectful and humble, I deserve you.
Pink Rose: First Love, Courtship, Love and Special Care
Blue rose: simple and honest, kind
Red Rose: I love you warmly. I love you, madly in love with you, and I hope to have a warm love with you.
The blue devil Yu Jihua.
[1] Single Blue Demon Ji: Being together is a promise.
Two blue enchantress flowers: meeting is a kind of fate, and the intersection of hearts makes us have endless romantic feelings;
Three blue enchantresses, Huayu: You are my deepest love, and I hope to remember our beautiful love story forever. English name Rugosa Rose
Latin name Rosa Rugosa
Where is Han?
Japanese name ハマナス (Bangli)
Plants are erect shrubs. Stems are overgrown with thorns. Odd-pinnate compound leaves alternate, with 5-9 leaflets, petiole 5-13cm, oval or oval, length1.5-4.5cm, width1-2.5cm, and sharp or obtuse apex. The bottom is round or wide wedge. The edge is sharply serrated, the upper part is hairless, dark green, the veins are sunken and wrinkled, the lower part is hairy and glandular, the petiole and leaf axis are fluffy, and the petiole and leaf axis are sparse and hairy; Stipules are mostly attached to the petiole, with glandular points on the edge; The spines at the base of the petiole are usually paired. Flowers are solitary or clustered in leaf axils, bracts are oval, with glandular hairs on the edges, pedicels are 5-25mm long, densely covered with villi and glandular hairs, and flowers are 4-5.5cm in diameter, with sparse hairs on the upper part and glandular hairs on the lower part; Corolla is bright, purple and fragrant; Pedicels have villi and glands. Rose fruit is oblate and red when it matures, with many achenes and persistent sepals.
Roses are called "roses" because of their prickly stems. Bai Juyi, a poet, has a saying that "the mud connects the calyx, and the rose thorns around the branches." Roses can extract high-grade perfume rose oil, which is more expensive than gold, so roses are called "golden flowers".
Appearance of dried product This product is the dried bud of rose in Rosaceae. In late spring and early summer, flowers will be picked in batches and dried at low temperature in time. Rose is a deciduous shrub in Rosaceae, with purplish red flowers and fragrant smell. Roses are cold and warm, and their buds are tender, smooth and moist. As early as the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it was favored by court nobles. Yang Guifei's greatest secret of keeping her skin soft and shiny is said to be that she has soaked fresh rose buds in Huaqing pool for many years and slept in a rose bed.
Dry product characteristics This product is slightly hemispherical or irregular, with a diameter of 1 ~ 2.5 cm. Receptacle hemispherical, connate with calyx base; Sepals 5, lanceolate, yellowish green or brownish green, puberulent; Petals are mostly shriveled, and after flattening, they are wide oval, banded, purple-red, and some yellow-brown; Stamens are numerous, yellowish brown. Light and crisp. The gas is sweet and bitter.
The sepal surface of this product has dense non-glandular hairs, single cell, multi-bending, length 136 ~ 680μ m, wall thickness and lignification. The head of glandular hair is multicellular, oblate, with a diameter of 64 ~ 180μ m, multiple rows of stalks and a length of 50 ~ 340μ m, and sometimes single cell branches can be seen at the base. The diameter of calcareous grass cluster is 9 ~ 25 μ m.
Sweet in nature, slightly bitter, warm in nature. Entering the liver and spleen meridians.
Function: It is mainly used for promoting qi circulation, relieving depression, promoting blood circulation and relieving pain. Can be used for treating liver and stomach gas pain, anorexia, nausea, menoxenia and traumatic injury.
Usage and dosage: 1.5 ~ 6g.
Store in a cool and dry place.
National flower (unique to East Asia)
(The national flower of the United States is Rosa hybrida, a modern hybrid rose, and the national flower of Britain is "The Rose". The specific species of rose has not been verified, but neither of them can be regarded as the national flower of East subspecies. )
Modern research
1. chemical composition: this product contains volatile oil. The main components of the oil are citronellol, geraniol, nerol, eugenol and phenylethanol. In addition, it also contains quercitrin, tannin, fatty oil, organic acid and so on.
2. Pharmacological action: Rose oil can promote bile secretion in rats; Rose has a certain protective effect on myocardial ischemia in experimental animals.
[Edit this paragraph] Distribution and habits
[Distribution] Originated in Liaoning, Shandong and other places, it has been cultivated and distributed all over the country, mainly in Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong. Shandong Pingyin, Beijing Miao Feng Goujian, Henan Shangshui Zhoukou Town and Zhejiang Wuxing are all famous rose producing areas. It is cultivated in Korea, Japan, Europe and America.
[Habits] Chinese rose is a temperate tree species, which is cold-resistant and drought-tolerant, and has no strict requirements for soil. It can grow in slightly alkaline soil, and it is best to grow and bloom in neutral or slightly acidic light loam with rich humus and good drainage. It likes sunlight best, grows poorly in the shade, has few flowers, is intolerant of stagnant water, and its lower leaves will turn yellow when waterlogged, with strong germination and rapid growth.
Cultivation method
Roses like light, sunshine, cold and drought, so they don't need special anti-freezing protection in northern winter. It can grow as long as it is not dry and watered. The requirements for soil are not strict. Generally, fertile soil can grow vigorously, flourish and blossom well. Fertilize frequently in summer, 15~20 days, and water in time after fertilization to prevent seedlings from burning. Prune in autumn to prevent overgrowth and affect flowering and plant appearance. There are many aphids in roses, so we should pay attention to prevention and control.
The cultivation of roses is not strict with soil, medium alkaline or slightly alkaline soil is the most suitable, and slightly acidic soil can also be used. Therefore, roses should be planted in fields with sunny ventilation and good irrigation and drainage conditions, and in fertile loam on the edge of the land. Roses should avoid low-lying and waterlogged areas. When waterlogging occurs, the lower leaves turn yellow and fall off, and even the whole plant dies. The flower bud and germination of roses need an average temperature above 7 degrees, and the effective accumulated temperature from the initial stage of germination to the flowering stage needs 365 degrees, which generally depends on the temperature. Dry hot wind and soil drought are the most taboo in the rose period. For fields with water conservancy conditions, irrigation can be carried out in the bud period. Roses stop growing twice in the process of production and development (generally called summer sleep in June-July; 1 1-65438+ February is called hibernation), at this time, the branches do not grow and the branches do not elongate. The dormancy period in summer is the best pruning period for flower picking seedlings. When hibernating, base fertilizer and overwintering water can be applied to lay the foundation for stable and high yield of flower buds in the coming year. English name Rugosa Rose
Latin name Rosa Rugosa
Where is Han?
Japanese name ハマナス (Bangli)
Plants are erect shrubs. Stems are overgrown with thorns. Odd-pinnate compound leaves alternate, with 5-9 leaflets, petiole 5-13cm, oval or oval, length1.5-4.5cm, width1-2.5cm, and sharp or obtuse apex. The bottom is round or wide wedge. The edge is sharply serrated, the upper part is hairless, dark green, the veins are sunken and wrinkled, the lower part is hairy and glandular, the petiole and leaf axis are fluffy, and the petiole and leaf axis are sparse and hairy; Stipules are mostly attached to the petiole, with glandular points on the edge; The spines at the base of the petiole are usually paired. Flowers are solitary or clustered in leaf axils, bracts are oval, with glandular hairs on the edges, pedicels are 5-25mm long, densely covered with villi and glandular hairs, and flowers are 4-5.5cm in diameter, with sparse hairs on the upper part and glandular hairs on the lower part; Corolla is bright, purple and fragrant; Pedicels have villi and glands. Rose fruit is oblate and red when it matures, with many achenes and persistent sepals.
Roses are called "roses" because of their prickly stems. Bai Juyi, a poet, has a saying that "the mud connects the calyx, and the rose thorns around the branches." Roses can extract high-grade perfume rose oil, which is more expensive than gold, so roses are called "golden flowers".
Appearance of dried product This product is the dried bud of rose in Rosaceae. In late spring and early summer, flowers will be picked in batches and dried at low temperature in time. Rose is a deciduous shrub in Rosaceae, with purplish red flowers and fragrant smell. Roses are cold and warm, and their buds are tender, smooth and moist. As early as the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it was favored by court nobles. Yang Guifei's greatest secret of keeping her skin soft and shiny is said to be that she has soaked fresh rose buds in Huaqing pool for many years and slept in a rose bed.
Dry product characteristics This product is slightly hemispherical or irregular, with a diameter of 1 ~ 2.5 cm. Receptacle hemispherical, connate with calyx base; Sepals 5, lanceolate, yellowish green or brownish green, puberulent; Petals are mostly shriveled, and after flattening, they are wide oval, banded, purple-red, and some yellow-brown; Stamens are numerous, yellowish brown. Light and crisp. The gas is sweet and bitter.
The sepal surface of this product has dense non-glandular hairs, single cell, multi-bending, length 136 ~ 680μ m, wall thickness and lignification. The head of glandular hair is multicellular, oblate, with a diameter of 64 ~ 180μ m, multiple rows of stalks and a length of 50 ~ 340μ m, and sometimes single cell branches can be seen at the base. The diameter of calcareous grass cluster is 9 ~ 25 μ m.
Sweet in nature, slightly bitter, warm in nature. Entering the liver and spleen meridians.
Function: It is mainly used for promoting qi circulation, relieving depression, promoting blood circulation and relieving pain. Can be used for treating liver and stomach gas pain, anorexia, nausea, menoxenia and traumatic injury.
Usage and dosage: 1.5 ~ 6g.
Store in a cool and dry place.
National flower (unique to East Asia)
The national flower of the United States is the modern hybrid rose Rosa hybrida, and the national flower of Britain is "The Rose". The specific species of rose has not been verified, but neither of them can be regarded as the national flower of East subspecies. )
Modern research
1. chemical composition: this product contains volatile oil. The main components of the oil are citronellol, geraniol, nerol, eugenol and phenylethanol. In addition, it also contains quercitrin, tannin, fatty oil, organic acid and so on.
2. Pharmacological action: Rose oil can promote bile secretion in rats; Rose has a certain protective effect on myocardial ischemia in experimental animals.
[Edit this paragraph] Distribution and habits
[Distribution] Originated in Liaoning, Shandong and other places, it has been cultivated and distributed all over the country, mainly in Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong. Shandong Pingyin, Beijing Miao Feng Goujian, Henan Shangshui Zhoukou Town and Zhejiang Wuxing are all famous rose producing areas. It is cultivated in Korea, Japan, Europe and America.
[Habits] Chinese rose is a temperate tree species, which is cold-resistant and drought-tolerant, and has no strict requirements for soil. It can grow in slightly alkaline soil, and it is best to grow and bloom in neutral or slightly acidic light loam with rich humus and good drainage. It likes sunlight best, grows poorly in the shade, has few flowers, is intolerant of stagnant water, and its lower leaves will turn yellow when waterlogged, with strong germination and rapid growth.
Cultivation method
Roses like light, sunshine, cold and drought, so they don't need special anti-freezing protection in northern winter. It can grow as long as it is not dry and watered. The requirements for soil are not strict. Generally, fertile soil can grow vigorously, flourish and blossom well. Fertilize frequently in summer, 15~20 days, and water in time after fertilization to prevent seedlings from burning. Prune in autumn to prevent overgrowth and affect flowering and plant appearance. There are many aphids in roses, so we should pay attention to prevention and control.
The cultivation of roses is not strict with soil, medium alkaline or slightly alkaline soil is the most suitable, and slightly acidic soil can also be used. Therefore, roses should be planted in fields with sunny ventilation and good irrigation and drainage conditions, and in fertile loam on the edge of the land. Roses should avoid low-lying and waterlogged areas. When waterlogging occurs, the lower leaves turn yellow and fall off, and even the whole plant dies. The flower bud and germination of roses need an average temperature above 7 degrees, and the effective accumulated temperature from the initial stage of germination to the flowering stage needs 365 degrees, which generally depends on the temperature. Dry hot wind and soil drought are the most taboo in the rose period. For fields with water conservancy conditions, irrigation can be carried out in the bud period. Roses stop growing twice in the process of production and development (generally called summer sleep in June-July; 1 1-65438+ February is called hibernation), at this time, the branches do not grow and the branches do not elongate. The dormancy period in summer is the best pruning period for flower picking seedlings. When hibernating, base fertilizer and overwintering water can be applied to lay the foundation for stable and high yield of flower buds in the coming year. English name Rugosa Rose
Latin name Rosa Rugosa
Where is Han?
Japanese name ハマナス (Bangli)
Plants are erect shrubs. Stems are overgrown with thorns. Odd-pinnate compound leaves alternate, with 5-9 leaflets, petiole 5-13cm, oval or oval, length1.5-4.5cm, width1-2.5cm, and sharp or obtuse apex. The bottom is round or wide wedge. The edge is sharply serrated, the upper part is hairless, dark green, the veins are sunken and wrinkled, the lower part is hairy and glandular, the petiole and leaf axis are fluffy, and the petiole and leaf axis are sparse and hairy; Stipules are mostly attached to the petiole, with glandular points on the edge; The spines at the base of the petiole are usually paired. Flowers are solitary or clustered in leaf axils, bracts are oval, with glandular hairs on the edges, pedicels are 5-25mm long, densely covered with villi and glandular hairs, and flowers are 4-5.5cm in diameter, with sparse hairs on the upper part and glandular hairs on the lower part; Corolla is bright, purple and fragrant; Pedicels have villi and glands. Rose fruit is oblate and red when it matures, with many achenes and persistent sepals.
Roses are called "roses" because of their prickly stems. Bai Juyi, a poet, has a saying that "the mud connects the calyx, and the rose thorns around the branches." Roses can extract high-grade perfume rose oil, which is more expensive than gold, so roses are called "golden flowers".
Appearance of dried product This product is the dried bud of rose in Rosaceae. In late spring and early summer, flowers will be picked in batches and dried at low temperature in time. Rose is a deciduous shrub in Rosaceae, with purplish red flowers and fragrant smell. Roses are cold and warm, and their buds are tender, smooth and moist. As early as the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it was favored by court nobles. Yang Guifei's greatest secret of keeping her skin soft and shiny is said to be that she has soaked fresh rose buds in Huaqing pool for many years and slept in a rose bed.
Dry product characteristics This product is slightly hemispherical or irregular, with a diameter of 1 ~ 2.5 cm. Receptacle hemispherical, connate with calyx base; Sepals 5, lanceolate, yellowish green or brownish green, puberulent; Petals are mostly shriveled, and after flattening, they are wide oval, banded, purple-red, and some yellow-brown; Stamens are numerous, yellowish brown. Light and crisp. The gas is sweet and bitter.
The sepal surface of this product has dense non-glandular hairs, single cell, multi-bending, length 136 ~ 680μ m, wall thickness and lignification. The head of glandular hair is multicellular, oblate, with a diameter of 64 ~ 180μ m, multiple rows of stalks and a length of 50 ~ 340μ m, and sometimes single cell branches can be seen at the base. The diameter of calcareous grass cluster is 9 ~ 25 μ m.
Sweet in nature, slightly bitter, warm in nature. Entering the liver and spleen meridians.
Function: It is mainly used for promoting qi circulation, relieving depression, promoting blood circulation and relieving pain. Can be used for treating liver and stomach gas pain, anorexia, nausea, menoxenia and traumatic injury.
Usage and dosage: 1.5 ~ 6g.
Store in a cool and dry place.
National flower (unique to East Asia)
The national flower of the United States is the modern hybrid rose Rosa hybrida, and the national flower of Britain is "The Rose". The specific species of rose has not been verified, but neither of them can be regarded as the national flower of East subspecies. )
Modern research
1. chemical composition: this product contains volatile oil. The main components of the oil are citronellol, geraniol, nerol, eugenol and phenylethanol. In addition, it also contains quercitrin, tannin, fatty oil, organic acid and so on.
2. Pharmacological action: Rose oil can promote bile secretion in rats; Rose has a certain protective effect on myocardial ischemia in experimental animals.
[Edit this paragraph] Distribution and habits
[Distribution] Originated in Liaoning, Shandong and other places, it has been cultivated and distributed all over the country, mainly in Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong. Shandong Pingyin, Beijing Miao Feng Goujian, Henan Shangshui Zhoukou Town and Zhejiang Wuxing are all famous rose producing areas. It is cultivated in Korea, Japan, Europe and America.
[Habits] Chinese rose is a temperate tree species, which is cold-resistant and drought-tolerant, and has no strict requirements for soil. It can grow in slightly alkaline soil, and it is best to grow and bloom in neutral or slightly acidic light loam with rich humus and good drainage. It likes sunlight best, grows poorly in the shade, has few flowers, is intolerant of stagnant water, and its lower leaves will turn yellow when waterlogged, with strong germination and rapid growth.
Cultivation method
Roses like light, sunshine, cold and drought, so they don't need special anti-freezing protection in northern winter. It can grow as long as it is not dry and watered. The requirements for soil are not strict. Generally, fertile soil can grow vigorously, flourish and blossom well. Fertilize frequently in summer, 15~20 days, and water in time after fertilization to prevent seedlings from burning. Prune in autumn to prevent overgrowth and affect flowering and plant appearance. There are many aphids in roses, so we should pay attention to prevention and control.
The cultivation of roses is not strict with soil, medium alkaline or slightly alkaline soil is the most suitable, and slightly acidic soil can also be used. Therefore, roses should be planted in fields with sunny ventilation and good irrigation and drainage conditions, and in fertile loam on the edge of the land. Roses should avoid low-lying and waterlogged areas. When waterlogging occurs, the lower leaves turn yellow and fall off, and even the whole plant dies. The flower bud and germination of roses need an average temperature above 7 degrees, and the effective accumulated temperature from the initial stage of germination to the flowering stage needs 365 degrees, which generally depends on the temperature. Dry hot wind and soil drought are the most taboo in the rose period. For fields with water conservancy conditions, irrigation can be carried out in the bud period. Roses stop growing twice in the process of production and development (generally called summer sleep in June-July; 1 1-65438+ February is called hibernation), at this time, the branches do not grow and the branches do not elongate. The dormancy period in summer is the best pruning period for flower picking seedlings. When hibernating, base fertilizer and overwintering water can be applied to lay the foundation for stable and high yield of flower buds in the coming year. Big wheel seed
At present, it is the largest variety of roses in the world, with large flowers, one per stem, representing peace Dior.
Intermediate rotating species
Widely used, the flower size is about 6 ~ 10 cm. The representative varieties are mahogany and Ciolina.
Small round race
Flowers are only about 1.5 ~ 2.5 cm, with small inflorescences and short plants, which can be used as small potted plants or flower beds for beautification. Representative varieties are Xiao Sunset and Shi Lina.
Tender species
It comes from the mating propagation of tendril rose or the variation of non-tendril rose, which can reach 4 ~ 6 cm high and has no climbing ability, so it is necessary to fix branches manually.
[Edit this paragraph] Planting and cultivation
1. Planting is mainly in the field, but there are also a few potted plants. In the Yellow River basin and its south area, it can be planted in the open air and overwinter in the open air. In the cold northern region, potted plants should be used indoors for wintering, or ditches should be dug and pots buried for wintering. After defoliation in autumn, it can be planted before germination in spring. It should be planted in a place with high terrain, abundant sunshine and no stagnant water, and the depth is off the ground 15 cm. When potted, humus soil, garden soil and river sand are mixed to cultivate soil, and a proper amount of decomposed manure or cake fertilizer and compound fertilizer are added into the well. After planting, water 1 time, put the seedlings in the shade for a few days and then move them to the sun for culture.
2. Sunshine with sufficient light and temperature can promote good growth. Ground planting and potted plants should be placed in sunny places and receive more than 4 hours of direct sunlight every day. Can not be placed in a place with insufficient indoor light for a long time. Enter the room in winter and put it in a sunny place. The suitable growth temperature is 12-28℃, and it can withstand the low temperature of -20℃. It is safe to overwinter in Zhengzhou.
3. Water and fertilize before planting, apply proper amount of organic fertilizer in the tree hole, and then water after planting. The requirement of water and fertilizer for ground-planted roses is not strict, and generally it can be fertilized three times. First, apply fertilizer before flowering, and put it into furrow before spring buds shade. It is best to add decomposed manure and humus. The second is to apply fertilizer after flowering, and apply decomposed cake fertilizer residue after flowering to supplement the consumption of flowering.
Nutrition. Third, fertilizing for the winter, and applying human manure after defoliation to ensure the safe wintering of roses. Potted roses can be applied with dilute fertilizer water in cattle for a long time, 10- 15 days 1 time. Roses are drought tolerant. Generally, plants are not watered at ordinary times, and they are watered for 20-30 days in hot summer or spring drought 1 time. Potted plants are watered for two days 1 time, and hot summer or spring drought 1 time.
4. Generally, pruning is not needed for plastic pruning. Old plants can prune dense branches, dead branches and insect branches. Roses bloom, if they fail, pick them and then bloom, otherwise they will only bloom 1 time.
5. Generally, the natural flowering period is better to control the flowering period.