Generally, people who owe 10,000 yuan will not go to jail, because the arrears are only civil disputes. There are two ways to solve civil disputes: negotiation between the two parties, mediation by the third party, or bringing a lawsuit to the people's court. If negotiation or mediation fails, or if they are unwilling to negotiate or mediate, they may bring a lawsuit directly to the people's court. If the court makes a judgment and the parties still fail to repay it, it shall be enforced by the people's court. Refusing to perform the judgment may constitute a crime of refusing to perform the judgment, and then you will go to jail.