Sa Zhenbing experienced various historical periods in pre-Qin, Republic of China and early liberation, and was an outstanding figure in the naval history of China. At the same time, he helped the poor and made many blessings all his life, so he was called "living bodhisattva" by the people. Enjoy a long voice before death and a good name after death.
Serve the country at an early age.
When Sa Zhenbing was a child, his family was poor, but he was eager to learn. 1 1 years old, admitted to Mawei Ship Administration School to study astronomy and driving, ranking first when he graduated. He was assigned as an intern on the "Wu Yang" training ship. In the winter of the second year of Guangxu (1876), He, Liu, Yan Fu were sent to the Royal Naval Academy in Greenwich, England to learn driving. After he came back from studying in England, he served the country. 1894 During the Sino-Japanese War of 1894 (1894), he participated in the defending war of Ahava Port in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894, led the sailors to stick to Fort Liu Gongdao and bravely resist the enemy. In the twenty-fifth year of Guangxu (1899), he served as the prefect of Beiyang navy and also took the warship "Haiqi". The following year, boxer (1900) started the boxer movement. He led the ship south, concentrated in Jiangyin, helped defend the southeast provinces, and later became the prefect of Guangdong Navy. At that time, the Qing court wanted to reorganize the navy, so it sent Zaixun to visit Britain, the United States, Germany, France, Japan, Russia and other countries with him. After returning to China, Jae-hoon was appointed as the Minister of the Navy, and he was the prefect of the Navy. Ahava surrendered to SaZhenBing. Beiyang Navy led Sa Zhenbing to surrender to the Revolution of 1911 (19 1 1), and he led ships between Liujiamiao and Wuhan and Jiujiang. At that time, although the revolutionary army had captured Wuchang, the Qing army and the revolutionary army were still facing each other. Because all the officers and men of the navy were United in the revolution, he retired and his navy changed its flag to participate in the revolution. 19 12 became the principal of Wusong Merchant Shipping School. 19 16 years, after Li took over as president, he became the temporary commander-in-chief and chief of the navy. Feng Yu 19 18 became president and entered the cabinet as a chief. On May 14 of the following year, Sa Zhenbing also served as Prime Minister of the State Council, and was not allowed to work part-time until August 9. On may 192 1 day, he resigned as the chief of the navy and returned to Fujian as a supervisor. 1922, 10 On June 5, the Beijing government appointed him as the governor of Fujian, and he was dismissed on June 1 10 of the same year. 1February, 923, the warlord Wang Yongquan and others instigated Mao Yifeng to set off a wave of "cutting down forests (forests) and helping scatter". He moved from Fuzhou Nantai Zhongzhou Navy Department to the Governor's Office in Fuzhou, and served as the "autonomous" governor. 1933, Jiang Guangnai and Cai Tingkai, the generals of the 19th Route Army, launched the "Fujian Border Rebellion" in Rongzai. At that time, regardless of his personal position and personal safety, he took part in this righteous act of resisting Japan and Chiang Kai-shek, was hired as a senior consultant, and was appointed as the governor of Fujian Province, but was soon removed from office.
Love your hometown for the benefit of mulberry
After retiring, Sa Zhenbing devoted himself to charity. He is enthusiastic about various construction undertakings in his hometown and sympathizes with and cares about the sufferings of the people. He advocated the establishment of orphanages, workshops and shelters. He placed orphans and disabled people in Fuzhou, advocated doctors' free consultation, and accepted Bao Song, the abbot of Kaiyuan Temple in Fuzhou, as the chairman of Buddhist Hospital. He sent letters and telegrams to overseas Fujian people and overseas Chinese, raising huge sums of money. After the completion of the Buddhist hospital, based on giving medicine to the world, it benefited monks and nuns, lay people and the poor. /kloc-in the winter of 0/926, Zhang Yi, commander of Zhang Quan Town, led troops to attack Fuzhou. After the defeat, he fled to Min County and plundered Nangang Guashan area. The villagers were razed to the ground, displaced and cornered. As the governor of Taiwan Province, Sa Zhenbing traveled all over the Nanyang Islands, raised more than 200,000 yuan from overseas Chinese to rebuild the disaster area and personally supervised the disaster relief. 93 rural people built longevity pavilions for him and praised him as a "living Buddha".
He expanded the road in Fuzhou and named it "Suxu Road" for the convenience of traffic and people's moral sense. Yan Fu (1854.1.8—1921.10.27), formerly known as Zi Ling, later renamed Fu, Han nationality, Fujian official. He was an influential bourgeois enlightenment thinker, translator and educator in the late Qing Dynasty and a modern China.
Yan Fu was born in a doctor's family. 1866, Yan Fu was admitted to his hometown Fuzhou Ship Administration School to study English and modern natural science, and graduated with honors five years later. From 1877 to 1879, Yan Fu and others were sent to study in Britain, first at Portsmouth University and then at Greenwich Naval Academy. Yan Fu became interested in British social politics during his study abroad, dabbled in a large number of bourgeois political academic theories, and especially appreciated Darwin's view of evolution.
1879 returned to China after graduation and taught ship management at Fuzhou Shipyard. The following year, he was transferred to Tianjin Beiyang Naval Academy as the chief teacher (provost) and later promoted to general manager (principal). Yan Fu also served as the director of the office of the Translation Bureau of Shi Jing University, the president of Fudan University, the president of Anqing Normal University, and the editor-in-chief of the terminology museum in Qing Dynasty.
After returning to China, Yan Fu transferred from the naval field to the ideological field, actively advocated the enlightenment education of western learning, and completed the famous translation of Evolution. His translation is different from Huxley's original work and Spencer's theory of cosmic evolution. In the theory of evolution, Yan Fu expounded his viewpoint of saving the nation from extinction by the theory of biological evolution of "natural selection" and "survival of the fittest", and advocated inspiring people's strength, enlightening people's wisdom, promoting new people's morality, striving for self-improvement and calling for saving the nation from extinction. The translation is concise and advocates the translation standard of "faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance". Host the national news. "Winning by Heaven" was widely circulated in the intellectual circles at that time. His famous translations include Adam Smith's The Original Rich, Spencer's Group Prejudice and Montesquieu's Law and Meaning. He systematically introduced western classical economics, political theory, natural science and philosophical theory to China for the first time, and enlightened and educated a generation of China people.
After the Revolution of 1911, Shi Jing University Hall was renamed Peking University. 19 12 Yan Fu was appointed president of Peking University by Yuan Shikai, which also shows Yan Fu's convincing and prominent position in the ideological and academic circles. At this time, Yan Fu's comparative view of Chinese and western cultures is maturing, entering the stage of self-reflection and tending to return to traditional culture. He is worried that China will lose its "national characteristics". "Like a fish out of water, like a cripple walking on his arm, like a person who is shorter than his spirit leaping by opium, this is called losing his nature." "People who lose their nature cannot survive for a long time." Out of such a deeper worry about the future and destiny of the Chinese nation, Yan Fu once tried to combine the liberal arts and Confucian classics of Peking University into one, which was completely used to cure the old learning, "to keep the moral article of the theory of the principle of justice handed down from generation to generation in China for four or five thousand years."
192 1 year 10 died on1October 27th at the age of 68. His works include several poems and notes by Yan. The translators of this book are Hou's Shi Yan Punishment and Shi Yan Magazine.
Yan Fu's former residence is located in114-/Qiaoxiangge Fuzhou Mawei Shipbuilding Culture Theme Park, which is supported by two parks: Luoxingta Park, Maxianshan Park, Ma Jiang Naval Memorial Hall, China Modern naval museum and No.1 Dock Site. The park covers an area of 7.9 hectares and has 36 scenic spots.
Ship administration cultural square (visit the large sculpture reflecting the style of ship administration and the cradle of navy)
China Museum of Ship Administration Culture (Learn about the development of ship administration culture in China)
Maxianshan Garden, the theme park of ship administration culture (visit Meiyuan Prison, British Consular Office, Zhongpo Fort, and observe the sculpture of ship administration)
Sino-French memorial hall of Majiang naval battle (understanding the history of Majiang naval battle)
Tomb of the Martyrs in Majiang Sea Battle (in memory of Fujian naval officers and soldiers who bravely resisted the enemy in Majiang Sea Battle)
Mawei shipyard (visit the factory history exhibition hall, marine engineering workshop and other cultural relics to understand the rise and fall of shipbuilding industry in the development of ship administration) Sanshui is located in Mawei Port, Fuzhou, where the lower reaches of Minjiang River meet, and there is Luoxing Mountain, which was once located in the middle of the river. A tower stands on the top of the mountain, which is the mainstay of the sea and sky. This is the world-famous Luoxing Tower. Luoxing Tower is an internationally recognized navigation mark, the gateway symbol of Minjiang River, and has the reputation of "China Tower". The world postal place name is Pagoda Anchorage. For hundreds of years, letters from all over the world to Mawei can be reached by writing "China Tower".
It is said that one or two hundred years ago, foreigners saw the Luoxing Tower far off Mawei, Fuzhou, and cheered, "China Tower". Previously, the internationally recognized transliteration (Amoy) was Fuzhou pronunciation. -This shows that Fuzhou came into contact with the West too early.
Under the tower is Luoxing Park, and next to it is the International Seamen's Club. Climb to the top of the tower, the port pier and the development zone have a panoramic view. There are also ancient forts on both sides of the river bank, and you can see the ancient battlefield of the Sino-French campaign filled with fireworks.
Luoxingta was turned into a park. There is an upstream building on the west side and Wangjiang Pavilion on the south foot. There are also Loyal Soul Platform, Mingchao Pavilion and Friendship Pavilion in the park. Through the archway of the population department of the park, there are flowers and trees everywhere in the park at four o'clock, and the scenery is pleasant. Several towering ancient banyan trees are close to each other, lush, like a green city wall, surrounded by towering ancient pagodas. From the tower to the top of the tower, the view is suddenly open and relaxing. Looking around, overlooking the scenery on both sides of the Minjiang River, and looking at the new look of the port construction, the picture is bright, the water and the sky are beautiful, and the new things are panoramic.
Luoxingta Park is an integral part of the theme park of ship administration culture. Located in Luoxing Mountain, Mawei, with an area of 2.33 hectares. At the foot of the mountain, bank protection is built along the Minjiang River, railings are enclosed, rockeries are stacked, and vegetation is widely planted. Luoxing Mountain, located at the confluence of the three rivers in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River in Fuzhou, stands a tower at the top of the mountain, which is the mainstay of the sea and sky. This is the world-famous Luoxing Tower.
There are towers first, then parks. Luoxing Pagoda was built in the Southern Song Dynasty. According to Wang Yingshan's Du Min Ji, a strongman in Guangdong conspired to catch a beautiful young woman, Qiniang Liu, first framed her husband and took him to Fujian. Qiniang Liu was indomitable and came to Fujian with her husband. Unfortunately, her husband died on the way, so she sold her property and prayed for her husband's blessing to build a tower here. The log tower was destroyed in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (1572- 1620). At this time, Fuzhou's foreign trade is developed, and the port needs a signboard. In the fourth year of the Apocalypse (1624), it was rebuilt on the spot, with stone, pavilion structure, seven-story octagon, shrines inside and outside, and the diameter of the tower foundation was 8.6 meters. Tower brake stone table, with post lights on it, and all the lights guide the ships at night. In the fifth year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1866), Mawei established a ship administration. In order to protect the ancient pagoda from lightning, the ship administration staff installed a big iron ball on the tower gate, inserted a lightning rod (needle tip to tower foundation 3 1.5), and connected the iron rod with needle to the river bottom. The iron rusted for a long time, and then it was blown away by the typhoon. 1656, Zheng Ming successfully restored the Central Plains, entered the Luoxing Tower, and built a Tucheng Village under the tower. His subordinates insisted on resisting the Qing Dynasty for one year. In the early Qing Dynasty, the city was built on the mountain, which was called Luoxing Tower City. Set up the flood season number, Luoxingta flood season number; Use the tower as a watchtower and a smoke pier (beacon tower). In modern times, the international legend has it that 1 1 ships crossing three oceans (Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean and Atlantic Ocean) are competing in the waters under the tower, which is a prosperous time. 1884, during the Sino-French Battle of Ma Jiang, officers and men of Qingshui Division fought bravely against the enemy here. 1926. 1964, the people's government of Fuzhou listed the Luoxing Tower as a municipal cultural relic protection unit, and repaired it, repaired the big iron ball, reinstalled the lightning rod, and added iron railings on each floor. 1985 is listed as a provincial cultural relics protection unit. At the southern foot of Mawei Mountain, there are the memorial hall of Majiang naval battle between China and France and the modern naval museum in China. The Westernization Movement rose in China in the late Qing Dynasty. Governor Zuo of Fujian and Zhejiang authorized the establishment of a shipping administration in Mawei, and Shen Baozhen, the former governor of Jiangxi, was the first shipping minister. China's first 1,000-ton ship (Evergreen), China's first steel warship (Pingyuan), China's first seaplane and China's first military fleet in modern times are all due to this. Ship Administration School is the earliest military school in modern China. The Ship Administration School trained a large number of talents such as Yan Fu, Deng Shichang and Zhan Tianyou, and three-fifths of the officers in China's modern navy came from Mawei.
1On August 23rd, 884, the French invading fleet raided the Fujian Navy and provoked a naval battle between China and France in Majiang. Because the Qing government compromised and did not dare to resist, the Fujian navy rushed to fight, 796 officers and men were killed, and the Fujian navy was wiped out. The sacrificed officers and men of Fujian Navy were buried in the foothills of Ma Jian. 1920 In Beijing, Shanghai and Rong, alumni of naval societies and ship administration schools raised funds and established 1983 Majiang Zhao Zhong Temple and Majiang Naval Battle Memorial Hall. There are many historical sites related to Fujian's ship administration in Mawei, including the ship administration engine factory, the painting academy, the bell tower, the No.1 pier and the Zhao Zhong Temple. Majiang Naval Battle Memorial Hall and Shipyard are listed as national key cultural relics protection units. Fuzhou Sino-French Majiang Sea Battle Martyrs' Tomb and Zhao Zhong Temple are located at the southern foot of Mawei Ma Xian Mountain. Due to the weakness of the Qing government, Fujian Navy rushed to fight, 796 officers and men died, and the bodies of more than 400 martyrs were salvaged and buried in nine graves at the foot of Ma Jian Mountain. Two years later, the "Zhao Zhong Temple" was built in the east of the tomb, and the cemetery was rebuilt on 1920, and the nine tombs were merged into one mound, and the Haicheng Memorial Hall in Ma Jiang was established.