1. Early anti-scar therapy, especially compression therapy, should be adopted. This scheme is often used for large-area burns, such as local compression and tights.
2. Scars formed by extensive burns often cause obstacles in appearance and functional parts, so in this case, in most cases, early activities should be carried out to avoid traction. The elbow joint, shoulder joint, armpit and other joint parts may eventually be released through surgery to restore their functions, so that patients can get basic living security.
1. Scar is a general term for the appearance, morphology and histopathological changes of normal skin tissue caused by various kinds of trauma, and it is an inevitable product in the process of human wound repair. Broadly speaking, there will be no wound healing without scar tissue. However, if scar growth exceeds a certain limit, there will be various complications, such as appearance damage and dysfunction, which will bring great physical pain and mental pain to patients, especially scars left after burns, scalds and serious injuries. The biological mechanism of hypertrophic scar and keloid formation has been discussed for more than a century. In recent twenty years, with the continuous understanding of the biochemical mechanism of wound healing and the continuous improvement of research technology, people have more and more clearly explained some characteristics and laws of scar hyperplasia, especially keloid, paving the way for finally uncovering the mystery of scar hyperplasia and seeking the most effective treatment for scar hyperplasia.
Second, the scar is significantly higher than the surrounding normal skin, and it is locally thickened and hardened. In the early stage, due to capillary congestion, the scar surface was red, flushed or purple. During this period, itching and pain are the main symptoms, and even so, the surface will be broken due to scratching. After a considerable period of time, the congestion is reduced, the surface color becomes lighter, the scar gradually softens and flattens, and the itching is relieved or even disappeared. The length of this proliferative phase varies from person to person and the lesion site. Generally speaking, children and young adults have a long proliferative period, and the elderly over 50 years old have a short proliferative period; The scar hyperplasia period is longer when the blood supply is rich, such as the face, but shorter when the blood supply is poor, such as the limbs and the anterior tibial region. The thickness of hypertrophic scar can reach more than 2cm, but it is not closely adhered to deep tissue and can be pushed, which generally has obvious boundaries with the surrounding normal skin. The contractility of hypertrophic scar is less than that of contracture scar. Therefore, hypertrophic scars in non-functional parts generally do not cause serious dysfunction, while larger hypertrophic scars in joint parts hinder joint activities because of their thick and hard splints, which can cause dysfunction. Hypertrophic scar located on the flexion surface of the joint can cause obvious contraction in the later stage, thus causing obvious functional disorders such as jaw and neck adhesion.
Third, the scar is hard, flat or slightly higher than the skin surface, closely attached to deep tissues such as muscles, tendons and nerves. Scar local blood circulation is extremely poor, reddish or whitish, and the epidermis is extremely thin. Can not bear external friction and load, easy to rupture, forming a long-term unhealed chronic ulcer. If it is decomposed for a long time, it may become malignant in the later stage. Pathologically, most of them are squamous cell carcinoma. Atrophic scar has great contractility, which can pull adjacent tissues and organs, leading to serious dysfunction.