Southern Opera, the earliest Han Opera in southern China, was developed in China in the late Northern Song Dynasty, the late Yuan Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty, that is, during the 200 years from 12 to 14 century. Southern Opera is an early drama that combines Bai Bin and Qupai, with song and dance stories as the main body. After the Southern Opera came into being, it soon spread to the north and south, and evolved into the "four major tune" of Haiyan, Yu Yaoqiang, Kunshan and Yiyang.

Southern Opera is formed on the basis of rap literature. Southern Opera tells a long story in the form of patchwork of qupai, which combines many art forms at that time, such as Song Zaju, Puppet Show, Song and Dance Daqu, aria and Zhu Gong tune. There are many different names for southern operas, which are called "operas" in the south and "legends" in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as Wenzhou Zaju, Yongjia Zaju, Stork Soup and Nanqu.

As far as its music, Nanqu, is concerned, it is an important vocal system of Han Opera, which has laid the foundation for the rise and development of many vocal operas such as Haiyan Opera, Yu Yaoqiang Opera, Kunshan Opera and Yiyang Opera, and provided rich nutrition for the prosperity of local operas since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which is of great significance in the history of China opera art development.

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As a matter of fact, the Southern Opera came into being earlier than the Northern Opera. Zhu Yunming in the Ming Dynasty said in Wrong Talk: "After Xuanhe (1119 ~125) and Nandu (1 127), Southern Opera is called Wenzhou Zaju. When I saw my hometown, there was a list of Zhao Hong's husbands who were banned. There were many names, such as Zhao Zhennv Cai Erlang. "

Zhao Hongfu, cousin of Zhao Dun, Song Guangzong, published a list of performances of Southern Opera, which showed that Southern Opera had a great influence at that time. Xu Wei's "Introduction to Southern Opera" said: "Southern Opera began with (1190 ~1/95), and Yongjia people made Zhao Zhennv and Wang Kui as the first two works. ..... or cloud: Xuanhe has its origin, but it is popular from the south.

No. Yongjia Zaju, also called Stork Soup. "Thus, the Southern Opera was founded by Wenzhou artists after Xuanhe. By the time it arrived in Song Guangzong, it had spread to the capital city of Lin 'an (now Hangzhou) and prevailed in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces.