Question 1: How to read electrical drawings 1. Find the power lines of the control circuit: L, N (220V), L1, L2 (380V), and others including 24V and ~24V.

2. Starting from the L or L1 end of the control power supply, see which button the current of each branch passes through, which contactors and normally open and normally closed contacts of the relay, and then which coil it goes to. Finally, it goes to N or L2, forming a closed loop.

3. It is necessary to understand that for the same contactor or relay, its coil and each normally open and normally closed contact are drawn separately. When the coil of a contactor or relay in a branch is energized, its normally open and normally closed contacts will control the on and off of the branch coil (that is, connecting or breaking the branch).

4. Combine the normally open and normally closed contacts of all button contacts, contactors, intermediate relays, and thermal relays in a branch for an overall analysis. Look at the moment when the button is pressed, and look at each Can the combination of the on-off states of the normally open and normally closed contacts form a path for this branch, and can the coil be energized?

5. Analyze the remaining branches one by one to see if the combination of the energization states of the normally open and normally closed contacts in this branch can connect this branch at the same time, and whether the coil can power ups.

6. Combine the on-off status of all branch contactors and intermediate relay coils for an overall analysis, and find out the motors or other equipment they control, so you can determine which motors are at the same time. Or the equipment is running and which is not running.

Follow the above method to easily understand the electrical wiring diagram. I wish you success! ! !

Question 2: How to understand the electrical control schematic diagram? Describe it in detail 1. There are various structural forms and tasks that can be completed by the circuit. Generally speaking, there are two purposes of composing the circuit. : The first one is the transmission, distribution and conversion of electrical energy; the second one is the transmission and processing of information.

2. The layout of the electrical diagram requires focusing on the flow of information and the functional relationship between each functional unit. Therefore, the layout of the diagram should be conducive to identifying various processes and information flow directions, and the layout of the various parts in the diagram should be The intervals between them should be even. For electrical diagrams with clear cause-and-effect relationships, the layout order should be such that the basic flow of information is from left to right or top to bottom. In an electronic circuit, the input is on the left and the output is on the right.

3. Representation of the working status of electrical components All electrical components are expressed in their natural state. The so-called "natural state" or "natural position" refers to the state or position in which the movable parts of electrical components or equipment are not powered, not subjected to external force, or not working.

As the previous ones said, you must first understand the basic electrical symbol diagrams and electrical principles before you can understand them thoroughly! It is recommended that you check out the technical section of OFweek Instrument Network. There is a lot of technical knowledge in this area!

Question 3: How can I understand the electrical secondary schematic diagram? The topic is too big, so let’s make it simple.

1. Have basic knowledge of electrical majors, understand the equipment and electrical components used in the drawings, and understand the symbols represented in the drawings, and understand their functions, various uses, and their role in the drawings. If you don't know, check the information and study.

2. Understand the purpose of the drawings, system structure, process flow, methods used, boundaries involving other systems, and clarify cross-references between drawings, etc. Start with the instructions or tips in the picture, start with the purpose, and look at the picture according to the process flow. The basic categories of electrical secondary are nothing more than control, protection, communication, etc. Each set of pictures will be divided according to the system and express one part. If you are not familiar with it, go find out and ask for advice.

3. Electrical secondary involves a wide range of systems. There are simple and complex systems. When looking at the diagram, start from the simple and proceed step by step.

4. Drawings are a kind of language, and the expression techniques vary from person to person. Some people draw pictures with clear ideas, strict structure, and logical coherence, which are easy to read, while others draw pictures that make people confused. Therefore, when you are not familiar with it, you should look at the picture carefully and analyze it analytically. The pictures are different, but the purpose and function are the same.

For example, to control a motor, the schematic diagram basically includes power supply, control, protection, signal and other parts. The operation methods include local control, remote control, manual control, automatic control, etc. The method used may be relay mode, PLC control, etc. But no matter what kind of control, the purpose is to enable the motor to start and stop, monitor the operating conditions of the motor, and cut off the power supply in case of failure. Of course, complex systems contain more functions, but they are all composed of parts.

Question 4: How to read the electrical schematic diagram of PLC? PLC electrical principle wiring diagram; input control power supply, input terminal X, output terminal Y, 24V DC power supply, male terminal 1, 2.3.4...etc. Ladder diagram is similar to relay control, including some buttons, normally open contacts, normally closed contacts, and coils. Support relays, timers, counters, registers. . . . and many application instructions.

Question 5: How to understand electrical schematic diagrams. The most basic thing about electrical schematic diagrams is to understand various electrical devices and their functions and performance characteristics. For example, what is the function of the air switch symbol QF? The on-off control of the circuit is generally used in the primary. The secondary circuit initially plays a control role. It also has its own characteristics, including various models of 1P, 2P, 3P, C6, and C20. There are many electrical originals, such as : Relays, contactors, thermal relays, terminal blocks. There are many types of these components with different shapes, but the principles are the same. You can check the specific information of each component. This is the most basic. Once you understand these, you can proceed Understand the general electrical schematic diagram, but the schematic diagram only shows part of the components. For example, this circuit requires the normally open contact of the contactor and the coil. The wire numbers connected to the electric shock and coil on both sides will be marked through the characteristics of the components. To realize the function of the circuit, nowadays electrical schematic diagrams are generally drawn using CAD, which is a drawing software. There is also Protel, which is used to draw circuit boards. There are many software that can draw and create electrical schematic diagrams. Principle I want to see more and understand more about this thing, so that I can improve qualitatively. I study electricity and know a little bit. Some things still need to be practiced so that I can understand better. If you have any questions, you can always ask. Me, I also have a lot of things I don’t understand, and I’m willing to exchange experiences and improve each other.

Question 6: How to quickly understand the electrical system diagram. Steps and methods for identifying electrical diagrams

1. General steps for reading electrical diagrams

1. Read the drawing description in detail

After getting the drawing, you must first carefully read the main title bar and relevant instructions of the drawing, such as the drawing catalog, technical description, electrical component detailed list, construction instructions, etc., and combine it with the existing electrician’s experience. Knowledge, have a clear understanding of the type, nature, and function of the electrical diagram, and understand the overview of the drawing and the key points to be expressed as a whole.

2. Look at schematic diagrams and block diagrams

Since schematic diagrams and block diagrams only briefly represent the basic composition, interrelationships and main characteristics of a system or subsystem, it is necessary to look at the circuit diagram in detail to understand their work. principle. Schematic diagrams and block diagrams mostly use single-line diagrams, and only some 380/220V low-voltage power distribution system schematic diagrams are partially represented by multi-line diagrams.

3. Reading circuit diagrams is the focus and difficulty of reading diagrams

Circuit diagrams are the core of electrical diagrams. They are also the electrical drawings with the richest content and the most difficult to understand.

When looking at a circuit diagram, you must first look at the graphical symbols and text symbols, understand the functions of each component of the circuit diagram, and distinguish the main circuit and auxiliary circuit, AC loop and DC loop. Secondly, look at the diagrams in the order of looking at the main circuit first, then the auxiliary circuit.

When looking at the main circuit, you usually look at it from bottom to top, that is, starting from the electrical equipment, then through the control electrical components, and then towards the power supply end. When looking at the auxiliary circuit, look from top to bottom and from left to right, that is, look at the main power supply first, then look at each branch in turn, and analyze the working conditions of the electrical components of each branch and their control relationship with the main circuit. , pay attention to the connection relationship between electrical and mechanical mechanisms.

By looking at the main circuit, you need to understand how the load obtains power, which electrical components the power line passes through to reach the load, and why it passes through these electrical components. By looking at the auxiliary circuit, you should understand the composition of the auxiliary circuit, the interconnection and control relationship between the various electrical components and their operation conditions, etc. At the same time, we also need to understand the relationship between the auxiliary circuit and the main circuit, and then understand the working principle and ins and outs of the entire circuit.

4. Compare the circuit diagram and the wiring diagram

Comparing the wiring diagram and the circuit diagram can help you understand the wiring diagram clearly. When reading the wiring diagram, you should check from the power supply end according to the terminal marks and circuit labels to understand the line direction and circuit connection method, and how each branch forms a closed loop through various electrical components.

The internal and external circuits of the switchboard (screen) must be connected through the terminal board. Generally speaking, depending on the number of wires in the distribution panel, there are contacts for the wires on the terminal board. The wires of the external circuit only need to be connected to the contacts of the same number on the terminal board. Therefore, when looking at the wiring diagram, in order to clearly understand the circuit directions inside and outside the switchboard (screen), you must pay attention to the wiring of the terminal board.

2. How to read the electrical control circuit diagram

The general method of looking at the electrical control circuit diagram is to look at the main circuit first, then the auxiliary circuit, and use the loop of the auxiliary circuit to study the control of the main circuit program.

1. Steps to see the main circuit

Step 1: See clearly the electrical equipment in the main circuit. Electrical equipment refers to electrical appliances or electrical equipment that consume electrical energy. When looking at the picture, you must first clearly see how many electrical appliances there are, their categories, uses, wiring methods, and some different requirements.

Step 2: Find out what electrical components are used to control the electrical equipment. There are many ways to control electrical equipment, some are directly controlled by switches, some are controlled by various starters, and some are controlled by contactors.

Step 3: Understand the control electrical appliances and protective electrical appliances used in the main circuit.

The former refers to other control components other than conventional contactors, such as power switches (transfer switches and air circuit breakers) and universal transfer switches. The latter refers to short-circuit protection devices and overload protection devices, such as the specifications of electromagnetic releases and thermal overload releases in air circuit breakers, and the uses and specifications of components such as fuses, thermal relays and overcurrent relays. Generally speaking, after analyzing the main circuit as mentioned above, the auxiliary circuit can be analyzed.

Step 4: Check the power supply. You need to know the power supply voltage level, whether it is 380V or 220V, whether it is powered from the busbar or distribution panel, or from the generator set.

2. Look at the steps of auxiliary circuits

Auxiliary circuits include control circuits, signal circuits and lighting circuits.

Analyze the control circuit. According to the control requirements of each motor and executive appliance in the main circuit, find out other control links in the control circuit one by one, "break the control circuit into parts", and divide it into several local control circuits according to different functions for analysis. If the control circuit is complex, you can first exclude circuits that are not closely related to control, such as lighting and display, so that you can concentrate on analysis.

Step one: Check the power supply. First, look at the type of power supply. Yes...>>

Question 7: What do you think of the electrical drawings? First of all, you need to understand some relevant electrical symbols, such as BV2.5, which is 2.5 square meters of copper wire. You must know what the symbols on the drawings mean. For this point, just buy this installation engineering legend and symbols! Second suggestion If you talk to the solenoid valve, you will know that 3*2.5 means three wires! Because there are too many, I won’t go into details. In fact, it is not difficult. I believe you will learn it!*-*

Question 8: How to read the electrical schematic diagram. Things you need to know as a new electrician. As a new electrician, you will always find this difficult and that difficult. This is normal. Where to start is something every electrician has to go through. I would like to introduce my work as an electrician and the work of the electricians I lead here for your reference. 1. Be familiar with electrical symbols and understand basic electrician line diagrams (basic lines such as self-locking, interlocking, forward/reverse, star/delta, etc.) 2. Be familiar with electrical components (contactors, relays, buttons, circuit breakers, etc.) Limits, etc.) structural principles, it is necessary to disassemble and assemble the physical objects to deepen their understanding. 4. Conduct corresponding analysis in conjunction with the electrical equipment of the work unit. General circuits are composed of these basic circuits. 5. Learn some electronic and electrical knowledge. 6. After becoming familiar with the above knowledge, you can slowly deepen it and then learn the use of frequency converters and the application of PLC. As an electrician, you should understand electrical schematics. In fact, electrical circuit diagrams should be regarded as the same as the building blocks we played with when we were young, which are composed of related electrical equipment components. 1. Commonly used ones include self-locking, interlocking, forward/reverse, star/delta, series autotransformer, series resistor, etc. If conditions permit, use physical objects for installation and debugging as much as possible. Strengthen your understanding of the line. It is best to analyze and improve the line if you have time. 2. There are not many types of components used in general equipment. After understanding the functions of the components, the circuit can be improved according to the characteristics of the components. From the main circuit, we can analyze what the circuit is used for: 1. Self-locking usually uses one contactor; 2. Interlocking uses two or more contactors; 3. Forward/reverse rotation uses two, At the same time, there are line adjustments on the contactor, that is, two of the phases are swapped; 4. Star/delta generally use three contactors, and one of the contactors is short-circuited on one side, which is the star connection method. Contactor, the other one connected head to tail is a triangular contactor; 5. A string autotransformer uses three contactors, and there is an autotransformer on the line; 6. A string resistor has multiple contactors There are usually more than two of them. There are many resistors connected in series in the circuit, which are common in starting equipment. If you want to memorize electrical schematic diagrams, you should not memorize them by rote. You should be flexible and ponder the principles, so that you can get twice the result with half the effort. Just like when we played with building blocks when we were children, we can understand the electrical schematic diagram by remembering the relevant components.

Question 9: How to learn to understand electrical schematics and wiring diagrams. First of all, you must understand the basic definitions of electrical control circuits and main circuits; know the symbols of each component and refer to its identification letters; generally That is, no matter whether the circuit in the drawing is drawn horizontally or vertically, there is a functional description on the top or right side of it. Low voltage circuits are generally not explained. In addition, the illustrated states of various electrical "points" in the control loop are their normal states, that is, the states in which the components have not yet acted. For example, the normally open point of a button is shown in the non-closed state. When the button is pressed, that is, when the button is activated, its normally open point will close and return or will not return depending on the button type.