India’s medical system includes Ayurveda (also known as the Life Veda) medicine and Siddha medicine. It is considered the oldest system of medicine in the world. It has been used in countless traditional Indian households for over five thousand years. Its influence has spread to almost all medical systems in the northern and southern hemispheres, so Indian Ayurveda is known as the "Mother of Medicine". Early texts show that Ayurvedic doctors were the forefathers of modern pharmacology with their foresight into the powerful medicinal properties of plants. They were also extremely knowledgeable about the inner workings of the body, and there is even evidence that Ayushvedic physicians performed surgeries on humans. In addition, this system has emphasized the importance of diet and spirituality from ancient times to the present. The influence of Ayurveda can be seen in Chinese traditional medicine and the medical methods of Hippocrates, the "father of modern medicine". Ayurvedic traditional medicine dates back to the Vedic era of 5000 BC. It is known as the oldest documented system of integrative medicine in the world.

According to Indian mythology, the origin of Ayurveda is quite legendary. It was created by Brahma, the creator, one of the three major gods of Hinduism, to protect mankind before creating mankind. Brahma first taught Ayurveda to the twin Aswins, the god of medicine, and then they taught it to Indra, the god of thunder and rain. Indra taught it to the wise men who practiced in the human world, and they in turn taught it to their descendants and disciples.

Historically, records of Ayurveda first appeared in the Rig Veda, an ancient Indian poetry collection in 6000 BC. From 3000 BC to 2000 BC, "Atharva", one of the four Vedic scriptures, came out. Ayurveda served as a supplement to the Vedic scriptures - Sub-Veda, which was attached to Atharva. Tuo. Although Ayurvedic medicine had long been practiced, it was not until this time that it was codified by oral tradition and became an independent science. The following are the eight branches of Ayurvedic medicine:

1. Kayachikitsa (Internal Medicine)

2. Shalakya Tantra (Head and Neck Surgery and Treatment, Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology)

3. Shalya Tantra (Surgery)

4. Agada Tantra (Toxicology)

5. Bhuta Vidya (Psychiatry)

6. Kaumarabhritya (Paediatrics)

7. Rasayana (gerontology to delay physical aging)

8. Vajikarana (Fertility)

The earliest discussion of the above eight branches appears in Atreya Samhita, and it is still applied in real life today. Around 1500 BC, Ayurvedic medicine differentiated into two schools: Atiya - the school of medicine and Dhanvantari - the school of surgery, thus making it a more systematic science. These two schools wrote the two major works of Ayurvedic medicine - Caraka Samhita and Susruta Samhita. Both medical classics were written in the first half of the 1st century BC. The Chalukya Samhita was written by the great Indian medical ancestor Chalukya and was supplemented and revised by Atiya. It is still the most widely used Ayurvedic internal medicine work. Miao Wen inherited the theories of the Damvandhari school of medicine, the founder of Indian medicine. The "Collection of Miao Wen" compiled by him collected various knowledge of prosthetic surgery, including limb replacement surgery, plastic surgery, laparotomy and even brain surgery. He is also famous for his invention of rhinoplasty. Around AD 500, the third important Ayurvedic medical work, Astanga Hridaya, was published. It combines the views of the two major schools of Ayurvedic medicine. From 500 AD to 1900 AD, 16 important drug treatises, Nighantus, were published one after another as a supplement to the Ayurvedic medical classics. They collected and recorded various new drugs, expanded their usage, and abandoned old drugs. and substance identification methods.

There is evidence that Ayurvedic medicine has enriched almost every medical system in the world. Through maritime trade with India, the Egyptians learned about Ayurvedic medicine. The invasion of Alexander the Great brought the Greeks and Romans into contact with Ayurveda. Traditional UNANI medicine was formed out of this exchange. In the early part of the first millennium, as Buddhism spread eastward, Ayurvedic medicine also spread to the East and had a huge impact on Tibetan medicine and traditional Chinese herbalism.