Urticaria is commonly known as rash. It is a localized edema reaction caused by the expansion and permeability increase of small blood vessels in skin and mucosa, which generally subsides within 2 ~ 24 hours, but new rashes appear repeatedly. The course of the disease is delayed for several days to several months. It is more common in clinic. This disease can occur all year round, especially in summer.

Etiology of urticaria

1, immune dysfunction: inhibition or enhancement of immune function. At this time, if there are inducing factors, it can be the cause of urticaria.

2. Food and food additives: mainly animal protein foods, such as fish, shrimp and crab. Plant food, such as eggplant, bamboo shoots, spinach, apples, plums, peaches, etc. The addition of food pigments, condiments and preservatives will also become the cause of urticaria.

3. Inhalations: Inhalations such as pollen, animal dander, feathers, fungal spores, dust and formaldehyde can all be the inducement of urticaria, but these patients are accompanied by respiratory symptoms.

4. Drugs: Most drugs are intractable urticaria caused by allergic reactions. Common drugs are: serum products, vaccines and so on. Its onset has a certain incubation period. Aspirin, morphine, atropine, vitamin B 1, polymyxin and other drugs are histamine releasing agents, which can directly stimulate mast cells to release histamine and cause urticaria.

5, physical factors: such as cold and heat, sunlight, friction, pressure can be caused. In addition, gastrointestinal diseases, metabolic disorders, endocrine disorders and mental factors can also be caused.

Symptoms of urticaria

Urticaria is a common skin disease, which should be treated in time when it first occurs, otherwise the treatment process will become longer after it is dragged into chronic urticaria. Knowing the symptoms of urticaria can be found in time and then treated. So what are the symptoms of urticaria?

1, acute urticaria: The onset is urgent, and skin lesions often appear suddenly. It is a localized red air mass with different sizes, clear boundaries and different shapes, which can be round, quasi-round or irregular. At first, it is isolated and dispersed, and can gradually increase with scraping, and merge into a non-plastic, ground figure or ring. For example, the serum in the microvessels oozes out quickly, pressing the wall of the tube, and the wind mass can be pale, red around, and the skin is uneven and orange peel-like.

2. Chronic urticaria: The incidence rate accounts for about 2/3 of urticaria. Wind masses occur repeatedly, sometimes for a long time, often lasting more than 2 months. There are light and heavy passes, such as aggravation in the morning or before going to bed. Some have no certain regularity, and the general symptoms are generally mild. Most patients can't find the cause.

Treatment of urticaria

1, antiallergic probiotics. Xinminkang anti-allergic probiotics can participate in IgE-mediated immune allergic reaction. It is determined that human dendritic cells can produce organic acids, free fatty acids, hydrogen peroxide and bacteriocin after co-culture with anti-allergic probiotics, thus inhibiting the growth of other harmful bacteria. After "biological hypoxia", aerobic pathogens are greatly reduced. Probiotics can colonize mucosa, skin and other surfaces or cells, forming a biological barrier, which can hinder the colonization of pathogenic microorganisms and play a role in occupying space, grabbing nutrition and mutual benefit. Allergic probiotics are euphoric, sensitive and healthy, which can affect the nonspecific immune function of the body, thus naturally killing the activity of NK cells, enhancing the secretion of immunoglobulin IgA, and improving the skin appearance or cell barrier function. Can effectively treat various types of allergies, including urticaria, allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, food, pollen and other allergic symptoms.

2. antihistamines. There are many kinds, some of which have drowsiness, some of which are not or slight, depending on the illness, work and life. For drivers and aerial workers, those who have no drowsiness, itching and poor sleep should be selected, and those who have calming effect can be selected. For mild acute urticaria, diphenhydramine or promethazine can be injected together with loratadine, cetirizine, cyproheptadine and chlorpheniramine. Can be taken orally for maintenance.

Nursing methods of urticaria

1, don't apply hot towels to skin lesions, and don't take a hot bath. Some patients think it will be comfortable to wash their skin with hot water, but this is only temporary. In fact, this is a kind of stimulation to the skin. The heat will make the patient's blood vessels tense, but it will release more allergens.

2, away from allergens, patients should figure out what their allergens are, so as to effectively stay away. At the same time, don't eat seafood or some high-protein foods in your life, and don't use drugs casually. You should listen to the doctor's instructions and get rid of your worries about the disease, so that you can fully recover.

3, urticaria can not be caught, but the disease can not be itchy, and it will make patients feel more itchy, because the temperature of the skin will rise, which will make the skin appear more allergic viruses, leading to the deterioration of the condition and bringing difficulties to treatment.