There are handles and blades of different shapes and sizes. Blade should be clamped and installed with vascular clamp or needle holder to avoid cutting fingers. There are many ways to hold the knife: holding method: for large incision; Bow-holding type: used for general incision; Pen-holding type: used for anatomy and small incision; Jump: used for superficial abscess incision.
2, surgical scissors
Curved and straight; Blunt and sharp. Long blunt bending scissors are mostly used in deep thoracoabdominal surgery. Direct cutting of the tip is generally used to cut lines and dissect superficial tissues. Surgical scissors generally don't need to be cut or bandaged, otherwise they will become dull easily. The clamping and cutting methods are the same as the clamping and clamping methods.
3. Surgical forceps
It is used to clamp tissue and is beneficial to anatomy and suture. There are different lengths. The tips of tweezers are divided into toothed and toothless (flat tweezers).
4. Vascular forceps
The structural difference of vascular forceps is mainly alveolar bed. Due to the need of surgery, alveolar beds can be divided into straight, arc, right angle and arc. Vascular forceps used in vascular surgery are called noninvasive vascular forceps because of their thin and shallow teeth, good elasticity, little squeezing effect on tissues and little damage to vascular walls and intima. The tip of common vascular forceps is flat end. Toothed vascular forceps with teeth at the tip are often used to clamp thick and tough tissues, which has prevented them from slipping off and causing great damage to tissues.
The method of holding the forceps is to extend the thumb and the fourth finger into the handle ring to show that the fingers can stabilize the vascular forceps, especially when using the vascular forceps, the forceps end can be prevented from swinging.
Loosen the pliers method: when using the right hand, put the thumb and little finger into the handle ring, squeeze hard to separate the clasp, and then put it into the thumb immediately. When using the left hand, the thumb and forefinger hold one handle ring, and the third and fourth fingers hold the other handle ring, which can be released by relative force.
Vascular forceps can crush tissues, so they are not suitable for clamping skin, organs and fragile tissues.
5, suture needle
Divide straight needle and curved needle; Round needles and triangular needles. The front half of the triangular needle is triangular and sharp, which is used to sew tough tissues such as skin, cartilage and ligament, with great damage.
6. Needle holder
It is used to clamp the stitch tissue. The sewing needle should be clamped near the tip of the needle holder. If caught in the middle of alveolar bed, it is easy to break the needle. Generally, it should be clamped behind the sewing needle by one third, and the sewing thread should overlap by one third for operation.
7. Tissue forceps
The compression of tissue is lighter than that of vascular clamp, which is generally used to clamp soft tissue and is not easy to slip off.
8, towel pliers
Used to fix disinfection towels.
9. hook
There are various types according to needs. When using the retractor, use a gauze pad to separate the retractor from the tissue; There are various types according to needs. When using the retractor, use a gauze pad to separate the retractor from the tissue; The tension should be even, and sudden overexertion is not allowed. So as not to damage the tissue.
10, suction head
A common single-tube suction head is used to suck blood in the surgical field and liquid in the chest and abdomen. The cannula suction head is mainly used to suck the liquid in the abdominal cavity, and its shell has many side holes, which can prevent the omentum and intestinal wall from being sucked and blocking the suction head.