(1) Due to poor feeding management, simple feed, improper diet coordination, malnutrition, excessive exercise or grazing, weakness, difficulty in defecation, and overwork, the muscles of rectal ligament or anal structure relax and lose their elasticity and normal supporting and fixing function, resulting in part or most of rectal mucosa everting outwards and prolapse outside the anus, which can not be retracted by itself.
(2) Individual cows suffer from chronic constipation, chronic diarrhea, chronic cough, childbirth, lying for a long time, bull mating, etc. This increases the intra-abdominal pressure, in addition, the cows are seriously ill after vaginal prolapse and irritant drugs enema.
2. Symptoms
Lying on the ground or defecating, you can see that the mucosa at the end of the rectum turns out to the anus, bright red, round and soft, accompanied by mild edema. After standing up or defecating, it will retract itself. This repetition leads to mucosal edema, congestion and inflammation, and gradually loses the ability to retract itself, leading to complete rectal prolapse. At this time, there is a cylindrical drooping swelling outside the anus. Rectal mucosal prolapse is dark red, with tail hair, feces, urine, bedding grass and so on. In severe cases, due to the long-term exposure of prolapsed intestine, the edema is aggravated, and the mucosal surface is dry and hard, showing dirty dark purple or brown, resulting in rectal wall ulcer, congestion, necrosis, perforation or rupture, causing infection and systemic symptoms. If accompanied by intussusception, the cylindrical swelling bends upward, and the hand can be inserted between the protruding intestine and anus to touch the intussuscepted intestine. At this time, suffering from steakhouse difficulty, pain and anxiety, frequent movement of the back and hind legs, continuous exertion, loss of appetite, depression, and reduced or stopped milk production.
stand treat
Reduction of stripping material
For cattle with mild symptoms, the prolapsed parts were washed with 0. 1% potassium permanganate solution, then converged with 2% alum solution, and heated with hot towel. If the prolapsed intestinal canal surface is partially ulcerated or necrotic, it should be removed with a knife until fresh tissue is exposed. If the edema is serious, acupuncture and drainage should be done. After washing and disinfection, apply anti-inflammatory ointment (powder) and slowly return to the anus without force.
(2) Fixing anus
In order to prevent the reflux rectum from prolapse, a bag-like suture should be made around the anus, and a defecation hole with a width of two fingers should be left in the center. After 7 ~ 10 days, if there is no infection or the sick cow is no longer responsible, the stitches can be removed. If only the outer mucosa of the intestine is ulcerated and necrotic, it should be partially removed and then fixed in the anus. After cleaning and disinfecting the protruding part, circumcise the mucosal layer of the intestinal wall at a position about 1 cm away from the peripheral edge of anus (don't damage the muscle layer), then passively separate, peel off, turn over and cut off the mucosal layer, finally sew 8 ~ 10 nodules between the mucosal edge at the top of anus and the peripheral mucosal edge, and apply anti-inflammatory ointment (powder) at the incision.
(3) surgical resection
If the prolapsed intestine is seriously necrotic and ulcerated and cannot be recovered, rectal excision should be performed immediately. First, clean the sterilized intestine. After anesthesia, two sterilized long sealing needles were vertically inserted into the healthy intestine near the anus to fix the intestine. Cut off the necrotic intestine at a distance of 0/~ 2 cm from the fixed needle/kloc-0. After the bleeding is completely stopped, suture the two layers of broken intestine with nodules at a distance of 0.5 cm. In order to prevent pollution, the sterilized needle and thread should be replaced after sewing 1 needle every time. After suture, rinse and disinfect with 0. 1% potassium permanganate solution or bromogeramine solution, then remove the fixed needle and apply anti-inflammatory ointment (powder) to the anus. Generally, stitches can be removed in about 7 days.
(4) postoperative care
After recovery or operation, in order to prevent infection and inflammation, sulfonamides or antibiotics are injected into muscles or veins all over the body, and symptomatic treatments such as analgesia, anti-inflammation, strengthening stomach and stopping diarrhea are taken at any time according to the condition. In order to promote the recovery of the body and the operating department, Buzhong Yiqi Decoction can be taken orally. 50g each of Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, Cimicifugae Rhizoma and Atractylodis Macrocephalae, 40g each of Radix Angelicae Sinensis and Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, 35g of Radix Bupleuri and 25g of Radix Glycyrrhizae, grinding into powder, and taking with boiled water, or adding10 ~15g each of the above medicines, and decocting. Daily 1 dose for 5 ~ 7 days.
4. Preventive measures
(1) Improving feeding management conditions, increasing nutrition, feeding whole concentrate and high-quality green dry feed, enhancing the physique of dairy cows and reducing the incidence rate are important measures to prevent the occurrence of this disease and improve the treatment effect. Second, eliminate the causes and actively treat constipation, diarrhea, cough and vaginal prolapse.
(2) As long as the disease is found early, recovered in time or operated, there is hope of cure. It is found late and the treatment is not timely, which leads to systemic infection of cattle, which can not afford to fall to the ground and is in danger of death. When repairing or operating, the prolapse of intestine should be cleaned and disinfected, and the ulcerated and necrotic mucosa should be thoroughly removed, which is the key to the success of repairing or operating.