Introduction of Chaozhou ceramics
Chaozhou ceramics is one of the famous traditional porcelain-making processes of Han nationality in Guangdong. It can be seen from Beiqiu in Chen Qiao Village that as early as 6,000 years ago, our ancestors lived and smelted pottery here. The excavation of ancient kiln sites in Beiguan, Nanguan and Bijiashan in the Song Dynasty also showed that at least in the early years of Yifeng-Diaolu in Tang Gaozong (AD 676-679), Chaozhou dialect had produced large-scale ceramics, and underglaze brown porcelain appeared. Chaozhou, as the porcelain capital of Guangdong in Song Dynasty, its central producing area is around Chaozhou City. Today, Chaozhou has won the title of "China Porcelain Capital", and its ceramic production has reached a considerable scale.
Archaeology
1. The history of Chaozhou ancestors firing pottery can be traced back to the Neolithic Age 6000 years ago to 4000 years ago.
According to archaeological investigation, the history of firing porcelain in Chaozhou began in Tang Dynasty.
Process classification
Chaozhou ceramics can be divided into three categories: art exhibition ceramics, daily-use ceramics, building sanitary ceramics and special ceramics. Art display porcelain can be divided into figure porcelain, flower porcelain, animal porcelain and bottle (plate) painting.
Porcelain carved figures are famous for their unique charm with exquisite materials, white and glittering glaze and beautiful shape. Tonghua porcelain flowers are exquisite in hollowing out skills, and there are many kinds of porcelain flowers, which are unique in the porcelain altar with exquisite beauty.
The vase is made by carving geometric patterns or patterns of various flowers, figures and animals on porcelain, firing at high temperature, drawing decorative patterns by hand, and firing in a flower drying kiln. Its decoration mostly takes hollow geometric patterns as the shading, and the shading is mostly square continuous patterns, which is convenient for carving, suitable for firing and easy to show exquisite artistic effects. Generally speaking, there are three kinds: the combination of transparent flower and glaze color, transparent flower and relief, transparent flower and porcelain flower, and comprehensive decoration. Carving techniques include single-layer carving, double-layer carving, multi-layer carving and rotation. It is a porcelain art with national style and strong local characteristics, and it is also the leading domestic arts and crafts integrating sculpture hollowing and jacquard. "Copper vase" has also become a special term recognized by porcelain artists.
Among the animal porcelain carvings, the deformed animal porcelain carvings are the most famous. It emphasizes one of the most representative parts of animals through deformation and exaggeration, making it unique.
The paintings of vases and porcelain plates are also innovative and colorful, including underglaze multicolor and blue and white, underglaze ancient colors, new colors and carved gold, as well as underglaze and underglaze color fights, constantly absorbing and introducing new forms and techniques. There are meticulous brushwork, intentional brushwork, part-time writing and modernist painting. Chaozhou colored porcelain is rich in over-glaze pigments, fresh in composition, meticulous in painting, neat and delicate, and rich in colors. Through the efforts of artists, it has formed a painting style different from other porcelain areas, and is known as the "Cai Chao" in the ceramic industry.
Nearly 100 Chaozhou ceramics won prizes in national competitions. Representative works include Twelve Women in Jinling, Friendship Vase, Shuang Fu Porcelain Flower Basket, Celestial Bottle with International Gold Award and a series of carved vases (a group of 5 pieces).
Characteristics of Chaozhou ceramics
1, forming an industrial cluster (the largest number of enterprises in the cluster);
2, a complete industrial chain (from raw and auxiliary materials manufacturing, product design and development, mold matching, product production, packaging, inspection, transportation and other links);
3. There are many kinds of products, including daily-use ceramics, art ceramics, sanitary ceramics and special ceramics, which are the producing areas with the largest variety of products in China;
4. The product sales channels are broad. Chaozhou ceramics are exported to 160 countries and regions, and sold in most provinces, cities and regions in China;
Chaozhou is rich in resources, with major mineral resources for ceramic production (such as Feitianyan porcelain clay mine), technical teams for designing, developing and producing ceramic production, and more than 200,000 skilled technicians and workers.
The most in the world
1, Chaozhou ceramic craft is "the best in the world": in the center of the lobby on the first floor of China Porcelain Capital Exhibition Hall, a giant ceramic mural composed of 1900 porcelain plates is more than 60 meters long and about 3 meters high, which is particularly eye-catching. This is the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival created by Qiu Shujiang, and it is the earliest ceramic work recorded in Chaozhou Guinness Book of Records.
2. The "Five Hundred Arhats" created by Cai is100.80m long,1.28m high and 0.02m thick? It is the longest relief porcelain mural in the world at present; Cai's first-class red glaze "porcelain flower basket" is the largest red glaze porcelain flower basket in the world.
The porcelain statue created by Xie is as high as 2.6 meters, which is the highest in China.
4. The high-temperature painted hanging dish "Bai Meitu" created by Lin with a diameter of 2 15cm was once the largest porcelain hanging dish in the world, but it was later set a new record by the "pregnant picture of prosperous times" created by Lin himself.
The "clay pot" made by Wu is about 6 mm high, 10 mm wide and weighs only 2 grams, which is the smallest hand-pulled clay pot in the world.
6. The 528 cm long porcelain plate painting of Sacrificing Crocodile, which was formed by one-time grouting and fired with granular glaze, was also recorded in the Guinness Book of World Records.
That's all for Chaozhou ceramics. Are you interested? In addition, on June 0, 20 12, the first online sales platform of Chaozhou ceramics, Cidu Mall, was officially put into operation. If you are interested, you can search and browse. Online shopping services include daily-use ceramics and craft ceramics, which seem to be cheaper. Chaozhou ceramic works of art can be decorated and collected, as can daily-use porcelain, including sanitary porcelain. There are countless tea sets and tableware for drinking tea, and the products are varied and colorful, which is really wonderful.