2. Beijing Chaoyang Hospital

3. Aviation General Hospital

Varicose veins refer to the tortuous and dilated veins caused by blood stasis, weak vein wall and other factors. Varicose veins can occur in many parts of the body. For example, hemorrhoids are actually a kind of varicose veins. Clinically, there are esophageal and gastric varices, varicocele and abdominal varices. Varicose veins most often occur in the lower limbs. It is worth emphasizing that varicose veins are the secondary manifestations of other diseases.

There are many reasons for varicose veins of lower limbs, the most common one is simple superficial varicose veins of lower limbs, and its main disease is valve insufficiency of great saphenous vein of thigh. Another important reason is primary deep venous valve insufficiency (PDVI) of lower limbs, because it is often accompanied by great saphenous vein valve insufficiency, which often manifests as tortuous dilatation of superficial veins. In addition, the post-thrombosis syndrome of deep vein of lower limbs, because of poor deep vein reflux, occurs compensatory tortuous dilatation of superficial vein; Arteriovenous fistula, venous malformation and hyperosteogeny syndrome of lower limbs can also be manifested as superficial varicose veins of lower limbs; Obstruction of inferior vena cava reflux, such as Budd-Chiari syndrome, can also lead to varicose veins of lower limbs.