Putian department is the abbreviation of the collection of hospitals under the jurisdiction of Putian people. Putian people set up private hospitals all over the country and gradually formed a certain organizational scale. Most of these hospitals are private hospitals specializing in andrology, gynecology, infertility and plastic surgery. When the state's investment in public hospitals is decreasing year by year, and hospitals outsource unprofitable departments, Putian itinerant doctors took the opportunity to become "doctors" in regular hospitals.

In the 1980s, some adventurous Putian people began to wander the rivers and lakes with their medicine bags on their backs, or they became small advertisements on telephone poles and walls, such as "professional households"-"ancestral old Chinese medicine practitioners specialize in infertility", "fresh cowhide", "body odor" and "rhinitis". At the end of 1990s, the state began to reform public hospitals, and many departments of public hospitals were outsourced, forming the so-called "Hospital Intermediate People's Court". It was not until 2000 that the problem of "hospitals and intermediate people's courts" was taken seriously by the state, and a large number of contracting departments were cancelled. Doctors of Putian Department contracted to build their own hospitals, and gradually formed a huge "Putian Department".