Jubaote belongs to Jufeng's super-early maturing variety. It is a super-early maturing giant grain variety introduced from Japan. Its fruit is oval and purple-black, with an average grain weight of 1 1 ~ 15g and a maximum of 19g. Good coloring, plenty of fruit powder, hard and refreshing meat, juicy and delicious, sugar content 17 ~ 19 degrees, the highest 2 1 degree, less sour taste, no astringency, better quality than Kyoho, disease resistance, high yield, easy to plant, about one month earlier than Kyoho. It is the most early-maturing grape variety at present. After trial planting, it has the advantages of early maturity, large fruit and high yield. Under good management, the yield per mu can reach about 8000 Jin, with strong disease resistance and adaptability. It can be planted in northern and southern areas of China, which is suitable for greenhouse cultivation. Because of its early maturity, good taste, convenient management and great economic benefits, it is an ideal development variety for growers.
Goldfinger: It is a hybrid variety of Europe and America, a new high-grade early-maturing grape variety with the highest sugar content of 28 degrees. It is the only new high-sugar European and American hybrid early-maturing grape variety, and is known as the sweetest grape champion in China. It ripens in mid-July, and the fruit is oval, slightly curved and arched, with a strange and beautiful shape. The average grain weight 10g, and the maximum is 20g. The ear is golden yellow, rectangular and conical, and loose and moderate. The average ear weight is 750g, and the maximum ear weight is 150g. The fruit does not crack, and the flesh is hard and can be sliced. Excellent quality, high commodity. Not easy to crack fruit, extrusion resistance, good storage and transportation resistance and long shelf life. Pinch a fruit without dropping a grain, and lift the whole ear. With strong resistance, adaptability and cold resistance, it is unique in the huge grape family. This variety has strong disease resistance and cold resistance, and has low requirements for the environment, so it can be planted all over the country. Golden finger grape is a high-grade grape variety with beautiful appearance, high sugar content, unique flavor and huge economic benefits. Suitable for high-end consumers, high commodity, huge economic benefit per mu and broad market scene. Suitable for open-air and greenhouse planting, it is an ideal choice for farmers to develop grapes and get rich quickly.
Extra-early-maturing rose, also known as 6- 12, is a Eurasian variety and an extra-early-maturing grape variety. It is a high-quality grape variety. Its spike is large, with an average spike weight of 650g and a maximum spike weight of 1200mg. Its fruit is round, with average grain weight 10g and maximum grain weight 15g, and it is mature. It is one month earlier than Rose fragrance, with obvious early maturity, high yield and good quality. Proper control of nitrogen fertilizer dosage and strict control of irrigation after coloring can prevent fruit cracking and improve fruit sugar content. After gibberellin treatment, the particles can become larger, which is suitable for greenhouse cultivation and is a very early-maturing grape variety with great development potential.
The selection of grape varieties in greenhouse should highlight several main indexes, such as low light tolerance, heat tolerance, high quality, disease resistance, large panicle, large grain, neat maturity and so on.
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Question 2: Grafted seedlings of grape varieties Victoria and Yafrosa are suitable for greenhouse planting. Pay attention to "grafted seedlings" because you are "sticky soil".
Question 3: What varieties of greenhouse grapes are suitable for planting? Generally, the early-maturing grape varieties in greenhouse in Hexi Corridor include Golden Finger, Afrosa, Jingya, Hongti, Heiti, Qiu Hong and Qiuhei.
Question 4: What varieties of grapes are good in greenhouse in Northeast China? There are two varieties to consider in Northeast China. Giant peak, red perfume, giant peak is bigger, like big grapes on the market, a little black. Red perfume is a little smaller than it, much larger than ordinary small black particles. Pink, beautiful and sweet.
Problems needing attention in the construction of grape greenhouse;
First, the garden choice:
1. First, we should choose neutral soil with high terrain, deep soil layer, convenient irrigation and drainage and easy drying.
2, the plot is square or long, easy to cover scaffolding.
3, perennial groundwater level shall not be higher than 0.60 meters.
4. Loose soil, good air permeability, high fertility and convenient transportation.
Second, the garden planning:
1, three ditches, the ditch in the middle of the planting bed is called "wet ditch", which is 50 cm deep and 60-80 cm wide, and the ditch in the middle of the vineyard is called "waist ditch", which is 60 cm deep. 50 cm wide (more than 30 meters). The ditch around the vineyard is called "Wai ditch", which is 60-70 cm deep and 50-70 cm wide. The slope at the bottom of the ditch should be kept at one thousandth.
2. Generally, the direction of grapes should be made into a downwind greenhouse according to the local wind direction, which is beneficial to ventilation and reduces wind damage. If the local wind damage is light, the direction can also be determined according to the direction of the site.
Third, the road system:
The vineyards with an area of 1 and over 30 mu are provided with main roads and branch roads. The main road is 5-6 meters wide and the branch roads are 3-4 meters wide.
Vineyards below 2.30 mu have only bypass roads.
3. A row of grapes can be planted at the side of the branch road, and a long fence can be built to shelter from the rain, thus increasing the land utilization rate. The height of scaffold shall not be less than 2m.
Four, irrigation and drainage system:
1, integration of drainage and irrigation, drainage system in rainy season and irrigation system in dry season.
2. Drip irrigation can be used for conditional irrigation.
Five, colonial requirements:
According to the depth of soil layer and the porosity of soil. It is divided into digging planting ditch to improve soil and spreading organic fertilizer to improve soil deeply.
1, dig planting ditch:
(1) The planting ditch is 50 cm deep and 60- 100 cm wide. The bottom 20 cm is the underground drainage layer. You can put straw wood, branches, tobacco stems, straw or rubble stones, and the middle 40 cm is the soil and fertilizer layer. Mix organic fertilizer with soil. The surface layer of 20 cm is loose soil. Used for planting grape seedlings.
(2) Apply 4-5 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer (pig, cow, chicken and duck manure) per mu in the planting ditch. Calcium 100-200 kg or calcium, magnesium and phosphorus 200 kg. Sprinkle 200 Jin of quicklime.
(3) The bottom of the planting ditch is connected with the waist ditch and the surrounding ditch (the three ditches are connected).
2. Deep soil layer: field with loose soil: dry the field first. Every acre of fertilizer needed is scattered on the ground. Dig deep into the soil with a cultivator or hoe. Clods should be broken. After soil preparation, make border beds so that each border bed is 20-25 cm high and each drainage ditch is 25-30 cm deep. This is beneficial to top dressing of seedlings. Drainage irrigation management is conducive to the rapid growth of seedlings, such as high ground water level plots should be made into high beds. The planting boundary should be completed before February. For colonization.
3. Planting density.
(1) is 5 meters wide, planted in the middle of the shed 1 row, between plants 1 meter, 133 plants, with single stem and two arms in a V shape. Or a one-sided dragon trunk.
(2) Two rows 177-222 plants (plant spacing/kloc-0.6 m) were planted in the middle of a plastic shed with a width of 6 m..
(3) For varieties with medium or weak growth, 333 plants can also be used, with double cross "V" frame spacing 1×2 m mu.
Six, the choice of frame:
The choice of frame generally depends on the tree potential of the variety. (1) It is best to use large horizontal scaffolding with strong tree potential. The large horizontal shed is high from the ground, well ventilated, evenly illuminated and well colored. Reduce the occurrence of sunburn. More importantly, it helps balance the tree potential. Controlling growth and balancing tree vigor are important means to cultivate varieties with strong tree vigor. (2) If the tree is medium or weak, a double cross V-shaped frame can be used. Its advantages are: fixed shoot and ear can be planned, production can be controlled, standardized cultivation can be carried out, and labor, pesticides and materials can be saved.
Seven, the construction of greenhouse:
Greenhouse construction can be combined with large-scale horizontal scaffolding construction. Can save investment.
1, construction time: When the grape plants grow to 1.5 meters high, it is best to build scaffolding, and the time is about May-June. It has a great influence on the fixation of trees. The greenhouse can be built before the winter construction sprouts.
2. Bamboo shed with cement columns. According to the author's practice, the construction of multi-span bamboo shed with cement column should be mastered, with a single shed of 5-8 meters. The height of the carrier is 3-3.5 meters. It must be strong. Master the following points in the construction:
1, side cement column 2, shoulder wood column 3, middle cement column 4, cross beam 5, straight beam 6, shoulder column foundation straight beam ... >; & gt
Question 5: What kind of greenhouse grapes are the sweetest and have the best benefits? At present, the most popular varieties are early summer roses and early summer seedless grapes, which are listed early and have good varieties. Grapes on the market early are very popular with people.
Question 6: What kinds of grapes are planted in the greenhouse? They are precocious and huge, easy to manage and sell!
Question 7: What kinds of grapes are suitable for growing in the south without greenhouses? Most of the so-called greenhouses for growing grapes in the south are sheltered from the rain. Because there is much rain in the south, grapes are easy to rot, so many disease-resistant varieties are selected, such as Xiahei seedless, Yuhuihong, Jufeng, Red Fuji and Hongba.
Question 8: What are the new varieties of early-maturing grapes suitable for greenhouse cultivation?
Milk is a high-grade early-maturing grape variety.
3. The smell of big roses
4. Black seedless European and American species in summer 5. golden finger
-Heng Chang shed quilt
Question 9: What are the benefits of growing grapes in greenhouses? The use of grape greenhouses is different in the south and the north.
In the north, greenhouses are mainly used to raise the ambient temperature, thus promoting early-maturing cultivation. It can mature ahead of the open market, generally one month in advance, and the price is higher. It can also delay culture and increase growth time. Late-maturing grape varieties can also be cultivated in places with short frost-free period to improve economic benefits.
In the south, greenhouses can also be listed early, but their main functions are shelter from rain and cultivation. The southern region has frequent rainfall, heavy rainfall and high air humidity. It belongs to high temperature and high humidity area with serious fungal diseases. In general, it is impossible to cultivate Eurasian grapes with poor disease resistance. Grapes grown in Europe and Asia are of good quality, very popular with people, with higher prices and better economic benefits. Greenhouse can be used for rain-proof cultivation, reducing diseases and improving grape quality.
As for picking grapes many times a year, it is the application of multiple fruit-bearing technology, which requires high management technology and has a certain impact on the tree potential. Generally, it can be applied appropriately according to the actual situation. If the management is improper and the secondary fruit is immature, it will consume a lot of nutrients, weaken the tree potential and affect the fruit situation next year.
The cost of greenhouse cultivation is high, and the requirements of management technology are high, but there are fewer diseases and better economic benefits. The cost of open cultivation is low, but the technical requirements of pest management are high. Only European and American hybrid grapes with relatively high disease resistance can be cultivated, and the grape quality is poor. If the disease is not well controlled, it may even have no economic benefits.
The northern greenhouses are afraid of heavy snow, and they are afraid that heavy snow will crush the greenhouses; The southern greenhouse is afraid of typhoon and rainstorm, and it is afraid that the typhoon will destroy the greenhouse.
Fuyang is located in the north of Anhui. It is cold in winter and rainy and humid in summer. It is suggested to adopt greenhouse cultivation when conditions permit, which can not only be listed in advance, but also reduce pests and diseases and improve grape quality. However, with large investment and high management technology requirements, it is necessary to build a greenhouse with strong wind resistance to avoid losses caused by typhoons.
Question 10: What are the new varieties of early-maturing grapes and varieties suitable for greenhouse cultivation? Judging from the current planting market, early-maturing grapes such as Zaoxia Rose, Zaoxia Seedless, Heiba and Hongba are all good, and many of them are planted in greenhouses. Shaoxing 1 is better, but the seedling price is high.