Planting density and framework
The plant spacing is 1.5×3m, and the double-beam frame is adopted. This kind of trellis is a grape cultivation trellis imported from America, which is divided into two main vines from the trunk of 1m, and the main vine directly bears fruit and mother branches. The advantage of this kind of frame is good ventilation and light transmission, which is beneficial to fruit coloring and pest control, and the high-quality fruit rate is as high as 78%.
Fertilizer and water management
Apply nitrogen fertilizer 1 time before germination, before flowering and after fruit setting, and the fertilizer application rate is 15kg/667 ㎡. After entering July, it is forbidden to apply nitrogen fertilizer, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer 1 time are applied in the fruit expansion period and fruit coloring period respectively, and the fertilizer application rate is 15kg/667 ㎡. In addition, combined with spraying, 0.3% urea can be sprayed in the early stage and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be used in the later stage. Attention should also be paid to increasing trace elements to achieve the purpose of balanced fertilization.
Irrigation before germination, before flowering, after fruit setting and before soil freezing 1 time. If there is water in the rainy season, it should be drained immediately.
Plastic trimming
3. 1 Leave 1 fruiting mother branch every 30-40 cm on the main vine in winter, 7-8 fruiting mother branches on both sides of the main vine, 7-8 fruiting mother branches every * * *, prune with short middle branches, and leave 2-4 buds on each fruiting mother branch. Results The cutting thickness of mother branch was above 0.9cm, and the length of extension head was less than1m..
3.2 Summer Scissors Summer Scissors include bud wiping, shoot fixing, core removal and secondary shoot removal.
(1) Bud wiping: Wipe off buds with bad position and direction, twin buds, medium and weak buds.
(2) Fixed branches: according to the planned yield, select and keep branches with good growth and large inflorescences. Before the vines climb over the frame, 1 and 2 lines can leave fruiting branches to ensure early yield. Don't stop after crawling all over the frame.
(3) Picking the core and picking the tip of the attachment: Picking the core is generally carried out before flowering 1 week, and it is best to pick the upper part of the branch above the walnut-sized leaves 2-3 days before flowering. There are 1-2 secondary branches at the top of the new branch, and the rest are all smoothed or 1-2 leaves are left under the inflorescence for repeated coring. For the secondary branch at the top of the new branch, leave 4-5 leaves for repeated coring.
Ear management
4. 1 Draining According to the quality fruit standard, the grape yield per 667m2 should be controlled at around1500-2,000 Jin, and the fruit per ear should be kept at around 750g, that is, every 667m21500-2,000 fruits. If 150 plants are planted every 667㎡, 5-7 spikes are left on each main vine on average, and each 10- 15 spike can be thinned out.
Field management of Hutai 8 grape
4.2 Remove the secondary ear, hold the tip of the ear and straighten the ear caught in the middle of the branch to make it droop naturally. The ear length is 12- 15 cm, and the longest is not more than 20cm, so that the whole ear is tight but not crowded and loose.
4.3 Grain Refinement: Refine small grains, abnormal grains, damaged grains and fruit grains that are too dense and too tight to be squeezed each other. In order to save labor, some spikelets on the spike axis can also be thinned. Leave about 50 grains per ear, and the average grain weight is 14- 15g, which can ensure about 750g per ear.
4.4 Bagging: In order to ensure that the ear is not polluted by pesticides, reduce the harm of insects and birds, prevent the ear and leaves from rubbing against each other to damage the fruit surface, avoid sunburn of the fruit, and prevent the fruit from cracking and hail from damaging the fruit surface, bag it in time after draining.
Before bagging, spray 1 times 1: 0.7: 200 bordeaux mixture on the ear with sparse grains. After the fruit powder solution is dried, cover the paper bag, fasten and fix the upper mouth of the paper bag on the old vine, and leave two vents at the two corners of the lower mouth for ventilation. Paper bags are generally 33 cm long and 30 cm wide. Grapes should be single-layer paper bags soaked with fungicides. The bagging time is around June 20th.