Anal polyps refer to pedunculated round or oval tumors on the anal canal or rectal mucosa, which can protrude into the intestinal cavity and move up and down. Most of its pedicle is caused by the extension of intestinal mucosa due to intestinal peristalsis or fecal traction. Anal polyps are mostly caused by chronic irritation from feces and are common benign tumors. A few can become malignant. Most anal polyps are solitary, and a minority are multiple.

Anal polyps often require surgical treatment, and the pathological diagnosis of polyp specimens after surgery is crucial. Some patients may have recurrence after resection and require multiple surgeries:

1. For broad-based polyps with pedunculated polyps less than 2cm in diameter and non-polyposis, transanal resection or endoscopic surgery is possible Lower snare removal, biopsy forceps removal, high frequency electrocoagulation removal.

2. For broad-based polyps with a diameter greater than 2cm, the surgical plan can be selected according to the actual clinical situation:

(1) Transanal surgery is suitable for rectal polyps located below the peritoneal reflection.

(2) Transabdominal surgery is suitable for polyps with a base diameter above the peritoneal reflection greater than 2cm.

(3) For broad-based polyps with a diameter greater than 2cm, the lesions are only located in the mucosal layer, and endoscopic submucosal dissection can be performed.

(4) For polyps that are 5 to 15cm away from the anal verge, transanal endoscopic polypectomy can be performed if conditions permit.

(5) Resection through the anal sphincter can also be done for the area 5 to 10cm from the anal verge.