Three Pruning Techniques of Photinia rubra
0 1 time selection
Photinia rubra has three main rebirth months in a year, which are March, June and September. Therefore, in the middle of these three months, pruning the red leaf heather should leave the vacant place and cut off the redundant branches, so that its crown will be more round and delicate.
02 trim position
When pruning branches, the scissors should not be too close to the buds, so as not to grow healthy buds.
Finishing of crown width
Generally, there will always be a few branches hanging under the crown, which will make the crown beautiful, so trim these branches and don't let the crown make a sound. In this way, the crown of Photinia rubra will be round and tight, and a delicate crown of Photinia rubra will appear like this!
Shaping is to trim the whole surface of trees, with the goal of maintaining a balanced tree potential and maintaining the subordinate relationship between branches on the crown. Pruning is the main way to continuously cultivate and maintain excellent trees on the basis of plastic surgery. Plastic pruning can cultivate imaginary trunk and smooth lateral branches, make the tree complete, uniform, compact and firm, improve the ventilation and light transmission premise of the tree, reduce pests and diseases, shape various shapes, and make it suitable for indoor, flower beds and various garden scenes, in harmony with space.
Specific pruning method of photinia rubra
1 time and skill of shaping and pruning
Photinia rubra is a kind of tree species with strong germination ability and rapid development, which is extremely resistant to pruning and easy to shape. Therefore, Photinia rubra can be pruned all year round, but like other tree species, the first thing to prune in winter is to cut short twigs. Short cut and heavy cut are not suitable for pruning in high temperature season in summer, otherwise it is difficult to restore the tree after pruning.
Pruning: In order to improve the ornamental value of Photinia rubra, attention should be paid to pruning tasks. Pruning is usually carried out in early spring, early summer, early autumn before budding or in the late stage of new shoot development. The pruning level can be determined according to the growth of branches, and the criterion is "removing the weak and retaining the strong" and adhering to the beautiful tree shape. When trimming, the notch is left at about 0.5_ on the node. People in Luohe, Xuchang and other places cut off frozen branches and leaves in late February to cultivate excellent trees; Pruning 1 time in mid-May to promote secondary bud germination; Prune 1 time in late August to promote the germination of the third bud. The purpose of pruning is to make the tree more complete and the leaves more vivid. Pay attention to adding fertilizer after pruning to ensure the robust development of the tree.
2 modeling skills
In addition to the natural tree shape, the common landscaping shapes are: solitary tree, short ball, high ball, cylindrical, patterned flower bed (one or two years old seedlings are enough), hedge shape, cube shape, potted plant shape and so on.
0 1 solitary tree type
Adding flood fertilizer at seedling stage in the first year to promote the development of seedling height; In the second year, the local lateral branches of the lower part of the plant were appropriately pruned, and flood fertilizer was continuously added to control it; From the end of February to the beginning of March in the third year, according to the requirement of trunk height 1.5m, all the lower lateral branches are pruned, and the upper main branches are topped, so as to promote the lateral branches to form a crown. Generally, 3 ~ 4 lateral branches are needed, but after the first topping, 3 ~ 4 lateral branches are still not reached. After the main shoot develops at 30 ~ 40℃, it is topped for the second time to make it grow side branches again. After continuous cultivation, the tree-shaped specifications of engineering solitary trees can be achieved.
02 short spherical modeling
At the seedling stage, when the seedling height is about 40_, topping should be carried out to promote multi-lateral branches (at least 3 ~ 4). If the first topping still fails to reach 3 ~ 4 lateral branches, the second topping should be carried out as appropriate. In the future, due to the lush branches on the upper part of the crown, it is necessary to prune again, lightly cut the side branches, and remove the long branches in real time, so that the whole crown will be closer to the center and gradually "shrink into a ball", and then be shaped into a ball after being lightly cut and shaped.
03 Gao Qian spherical modeling
There are two ways to do this:
First, strengthen the management of water and fertilizer at seedling stage in the first year to promote the development of seedling height; In the second year, the local lateral branches at the lower part of the plant were appropriately pruned, and flood fertilizer management was continued; From the end of February to the beginning of March in the third year, according to the requirement of trunk height of about 1.2m, all the lower lateral branches will be thinned out, and all the branches above 1.2m will be kept, and the main tip will be topped to promote the development of lateral branches. It can be trimmed according to the short spherical modeling method in the future.
The second is to select the big seedlings of Photinia as the rootstock, and after shaping and pruning the crown, graft 5-6 buds on the rootstock by bud grafting according to the spreading position of the crown branches and the roundness requirements of the crown, and pay attention to wiping the buds in real time after grafting to promote the germination of the grafted buds. In the future, Photinia fraseri in Gao Qian can be cultivated by dwarf pruning. Photinia rubra is easy to survive by bud grafting. Cultivating Photinia rubra spherical seedlings in Gao Qian is not only labor-saving, but also simple to operate, which is worth popularizing.
04 cylindrical modeling
First, plants are selected according to the height to be modeled (that is, the height of the required column). When the height of the selected plant reaches the height of the column, the trunk is cored (that is, capped). Then according to the expected pruning line, the branches and leaves are trimmed into a cylinder from the upper part to the lower part of the plant. After the branchlets grow, they are gradually adjusted to directly cultivate cylindrical trees. When the height of the selected plants can't meet the requirements of column height, it is necessary to strengthen water and fertilizer management, keep the upright branches in the center of the plants, and cut the surrounding branches short and round to make the plants feel "soaring" and cultivate them; When the height of the plant meets the requirements, the trunk is topped, the branches around the plant become shorter and rounder, and the cylindrical tree shape can be cultivated after gradual pruning.
05 lvli modeling
Heather hedge can be divided into hedge wall and distance hedge. Hedge modeling means that the top of the plant is flattened again according to the height of the hedge, and its cross section can be flat rectangle or trapezoid. The lateral branches can be flattened vertically according to the thickness of the hedge wall, and the trimming surface should be "flat and uniform", which can be shaped by gradual and accurate trimming. Hedge walls with different lengths are required for the distance from the hedge, generally around 1 ~ 1.5m, and each section should be separated by a certain distance. The modeling method is basically the same as that of the hedge wall.
06 cube modeling
Cubic trees, that is, the top and surrounding parts of plants are even squares. Cube modeling is based on the requirements of cube size, selecting and cultivating leafy and robust red leaf heather plants. First, the top of the plant is cut short and leveled, and then the surrounding lateral branches are cut short by an appropriate length to promote the development of new branches. After the new branches germinate, they are cultivated and gradually trimmed into a "square" plane.
With the attention paid to environmental problems everywhere, Photinia rubra, a green vegetation, has gradually become popular. Pruned red leaf heather is often used as color blocks, hedges, green walls and so on. Spherical and cylindrical red leaf heather is often used in residential areas, factory green spaces, streets or green belts in expressway. No matter what kind of modeling, we should pay attention to the time and position of trimming. Generally, it should be pruned when the climate is suitable in spring and summer, so as to avoid modeling red leaf heather in rainy season or winter.