The architectural style of the Tang Dynasty is characterized by grandeur, neatness and liveliness. The existing wooden building materials reflect the unity of architectural art processing and structure in Tang Dynasty. The structure of the bucket arch, the image of the column and the treatment of the beam all make people feel the internal relationship between the stress state and the image of the component itself, and achieve the unity of strength and beauty. The tone is simple and bright, the roof is flat, and the doors and windows are unpretentious, giving people a solemn and generous impression.
The architectural style of Song Dynasty tends to be systematic and modular, and the architecture gradually appears free and changeable combination, which blooms with mature style and more professional appearance. In order to enhance the indoor space and lighting, the column lowering method and the column moving method were adopted, which increased the number of stories of huge bucket arches on beams and columns, and even appeared irregular beam-column layout, jumping out of the neat pattern of beam-column layout in Tang Dynasty. Landscape design that pays attention to artistic conception deliberately pursues the artistic conception of the integration of natural beauty and artificial beauty. The roofs and corners of buildings tend to tilt, giving people a gentle feeling.
The architectural decoration in Tang dynasty has begun to show the following characteristics: large scale and rigorous planning; The treatment of buildings is becoming more and more mature; The wooden structure building has solved a large area and a large number of technical problems and has been finalized; Improve the design and construction level; Masonry has been further developed; Truth and maturity of architectural art processing. Taking the famous Daming Palace in Tang Dynasty as an example, we can see many architectural features at that time.
Daming Palace in the Tang Dynasty was the political center at that time. It is the largest palace complex in ancient China and even in the world. It is located in Longshouyuan in the north of Chang 'an (now Xi 'an) in Tang Dou. It was built in 634 AD. Daming Palace covers an area of 350 hectares and has more than 50 halls and attics. It is called the Oriental Temple of the Silk Road.
There are nine doors in Daming Palace, among which Danfengmen is the south gate and the main gate, and Danfengmen is the residence and power center of the supreme ruler of the Tang Dynasty. Facing Feng Danmen is a 630-meter-deep square. At the end of the huge square is the Hall of the Daming Palace-Hanyuan Hall, which is the most magnificent hall in the history of China. It embodies the supremacy of imperial power. Standing in the Hanyuan Temple, Chang 'an has a panoramic view. To the north of Hanyuan Temple is Zheng Xuan Hall, which is the place where the Tang Dynasty handled state affairs. Grand celebrations are generally held in the Han and Yuan Dynasties, while Zheng Xuan Hall and Chen Zi Hall are the real power centers. Chen Ziting belongs to the inner dynasty, and the atmosphere is more free than Zheng Xuanting.
The decoration of architecture in Song Dynasty was organically combined with the whole architecture. From the exterior to the interior, on the basis of skilled construction skills, we pay attention to the depiction of architectural details, not only the artistic treatment of beams and columns, but also the meticulous treatment of decoration. The door frame of the lattice door can have seven or eight cross-sectional forms, and the rib surface of the carpet lattice should be provided with protruding legs. In color painting, each petal of a flower has to go through four layers of blooming from shallow to deep. Carve a flower, the petals are extremely changeable and lively.
Miyagi, the imperial palace in the Song Dynasty, is located in the city and slightly southwest. On the north-south line from Fengyimen to Xuantongmen, there are Yangxuanmen in the south, Chengongmen in the north, Xuanhua Gate in the east and Yuhua Gate in the west. The former is an official and the latter is a palace. The main hall is Da 'an Hall, the benevolent government hall in the north and the East Palace in the northeast, with a total of 36 halls. In addition, there are many pavilions and gardens. At that time, people recorded that "the palace was magnificent" and "the ingenuity was exhausted, and the so-called luxury people".
In short, although the buildings in the Tang and Song Dynasties are different, their architectural structure and decoration are of high artistic value and are our precious wealth.