Geographical location and natural conditions
The topography of Guangdong Province is high in the north and low in the south, with mountains, plains and hills interlaced. The land area of the province is 6.5438+0.8 million square kilometers, including 3.65438+0.2 million hectares of cultivated land, 6.5438+0.25 million hectares of forestry land and 570,000 hectares of wasteland. Among them, mountains account for 3 1.7%, hills for 28.5%, terraces for 16. 1%, and plains for 23.7%.
The climate of the whole province is subtropical, and most areas belong to subtropical monsoon climate, with long summer and warm winter and abundant rainfall. The average annual rainfall is 1366 mm, and the average annual evaporation is 1 100 mm, which belongs to the humid area. The annual average temperature is 22℃, and the annual sunshine hours 1828 hours. The vegetation is green and full of vitality all year round.
mineral resources
Guangdong is rich in mineral resources, with 1 16 kinds of minerals discovered and 89 kinds of proven reserves. The reserves of coal, iron ore and pyrite in the province are 547 million tons, 553 million tons and 445 million tons respectively. Among them, 34 species rank among the top 5 in China, with peat, veined quartz, kaolin, trachyte, germanium and tellurium ranking first. In 2004, 7 kinds of minerals/kloc-0 were discovered in the whole province. There are 13 kinds of minerals with proven resource reserves. Among them, there are 3 kinds of energy minerals, 9 kinds of metal minerals and 5 kinds of water and gas minerals. Five large and medium-sized mineral deposits were newly discovered by land and resources survey and geological exploration. New mineral resources reserves 1.
Biological resources
The forest coverage rate in the province is 57%, and the standing stock is 300 million cubic meters. Guangdong has a vast sea area, criss-crossing river networks, numerous reservoirs and fish ponds, and rich aquatic resources. The province's marine aquaculture area is 780,000 hectares and the freshwater aquaculture area is 430,000 hectares. Agriculture mainly produces rice, vegetables and fruits. Zhanjiang is the largest sisal base and Maoming is the largest fruit producing area. The main tree species are pine, catalpa, fir, eucalyptus and so on, and there are more than 200 kinds of fruits, among which pineapple, banana, litchi, longan, citrus and so on are known as the best fruits in Lingnan.
water resource
The theoretical hydraulic reserves of the whole province are10.73 million kilowatts, of which the exploitable installed capacity is 6.66 million kilowatts, which has been developed by about 60%.
tourist resources
The province has developed 40 forest parks and 30 nature reserves above the provincial level into tourist attractions. Following Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Zhaoqing, Zhongshan, Foshan, Jiangmen, Shantou, Huizhou and Nanhai have entered the ranks of "excellent tourist cities in China", among which Zhongshan and Nanhai rank first and second in this batch of national prefecture-level cities and county-level cities respectively. Breakthrough progress has been made in the construction of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao tourism triangle. The State Council approved the implementation of "144-hour convenience visa" in cities such as the Pearl River Delta and Shantou. Guangzhou Baiyun Mountain and Xiangjiang Wildlife World, Shenzhen Overseas Chinese Town and Guanlan Golf Club, Zhuhai Yuanming New Garden, Sun Yat-sen's former residence, Zhaoqing Xinghu, Foshan Xiqiao Mountain, Shaoguan Danxia Mountain, Qingyuan Qingxin Hot Spring, Yangjiang Hailing Island Dajiaowan, etc. 1 1 scenic spots were rated as the first batch of 4A-level tourist areas with the highest level in China.
environmental aspect
And problems
In 2004, among 2 1 prefecture-level cities in the province, 19 cities had good air quality, reaching the national second-class standard, but the air quality in some areas declined and the acid rain pollution in cities was serious. The acoustic environment quality of urban areas and road traffic in the province is basically stable, 52.4% of urban areas have good acoustic environment, and 77.3% of the monitored road sections have reached the standard. There are 175 smoke control zones in the whole province, covering an area of 3256.7 square kilometers; There are 235 environmental noise standard zones with an area of 1740.4 square kilometers.
human population
Demography At the end of 2004, the resident population of the province was 83.0372 million, an increase of 3.4950 million over the end of last year. Affected by the increase in the total resident population, the birth rate, mortality rate and natural growth rate have all declined. Among them, the birth rate is 13. 13‰, the death rate is 5. 12 ‰, and the natural growth rate is 8.0 1‰, which are 0.53, 0.019 and 0.34‰ lower than the previous year respectively.
Ethnic Distribution and Population Proportion Among the 56 ethnic groups in China, there are 53 in Guangdong, and the population of ethnic minorities accounts for about 0.7% of the total population of the province, mainly Zhuang, Yao, She, Hui and Manchu.
Education level In 2004, the number of graduate students enrolled in the province was 6.5438+0.48 million, an increase of 27.6% over the previous year. There are 37,000 graduate students and 0.69 million graduates. The province's general higher education enrolled 264,600 students, a year-on-year increase of17.2%; 726,900 students, an increase of 23.7%; There are 6.5438+0.25 million graduates. Various secondary vocational education enrolled 246,500 students, an increase of 5.7%; 655,400 students, an increase of 3.9%; The number of graduates is 6.5438+0.9 million. There are 508,000 students in ordinary high schools in the province, including students 1.3 1.00, graduates 3 1.00 and technical school students 280,000. There are 6.5438+0.586 million junior middle school students in the province, 4.4955 million students and 6.5438+0.310.4 million graduates. The enrollment of ordinary primary schools is 6.5438+0.685 million, and the number of students is 6.5438+0.04962 million. The enrollment rate of primary school-age children is 99.7%. There are 265,438+032,000 children in the kindergarten.
Tsukiji
domestic production
According to preliminary accounting, in 2004, the province's GDP was 1603946 billion yuan, an increase of 14.2% over the previous year.
Three industries
The proportion of the added value of the primary industry in 2004 was 654.38+024.542 billion yuan, an increase of 4.2%; The added value of the secondary industry was 889.029 billion yuan, an increase of18.4%; The added value of tertiary industry was 590.375 billion yuan, up by 10.4%.
Fiscal revenue In 2004, the total fiscal revenue reached 353.95 billion yuan, which was 4343 yuan1800 million yuan without considering the export tax rebate factor, and increased by18.1%according to the comparable caliber; The province's local general budget revenue14168.7 billion yuan, an increase of161%; General budget expenditure185.259 billion yuan, an increase of 9.3%.
In 2004, the total import and export volume was $35,765,438+33 million, an increase of 26.0% over the previous year.
introducing foreign investment
In 2001, 8,322 foreign direct investment projects were added, with a year-on-year increase of 18.2%. Contracted foreign investment was $6,543.8+$09.36 billion, an increase of 43.6%; The actually used foreign capital1001200 million USD, up by 3.4 1%. In 200 1 year, there were 844 newly approved projects with total investment and net capital increase exceeding100,000 USD, with contracted foreign investment of100,000 USD, increasing by 34.6% and 12.9% respectively. By the end of 2004, there were 55,300 registered foreign-invested enterprises.
Poverty-stricken population and poverty alleviation plan The total amount of general transfer payments and special subsidies for wage adjustment in cities and counties with financial difficulties in eastern Guangdong, western Guangdong and northern Guangdong is 4.32 billion yuan, of which 16 is the national key poverty alleviation and development county/kloc-0.20 billion yuan; Since last June 10, our province has implemented a centralized payment system for administrative units and teachers to ensure that wages are paid on time. Since 200 1, the provincial government has arranged more than 300 million yuan each year to establish a system of exempting children from poor families from books and miscellaneous fees in compulsory education. Last year, 600,000 children from poor rural families enjoyed free education. Provincial financial special funds support primary and secondary schools in mountainous areas and underdeveloped areas to carry out information technology and English education pilot projects. Improve the development environment in mountainous areas and underdeveloped areas. Focus on strengthening infrastructure construction such as transportation, communication and energy. The provincial finance arranged special funds to support 16 highway construction in key counties of national poverty alleviation and development work. Speed up the construction of high-grade highway network connecting the east and west wings and the mountainous areas in northern Guangdong, and ensure that expressway in Qingyuan, Shaoguan, Heyuan and Meizhou will be connected with the Pearl River Delta in 2003.
The pillar industries are household appliances, plastic products, food, clothing, textiles, electronics, electricity and metallurgy.
cable
In 2004, the number of telephone users increased by 3,953,300, reaching 29,623,300 by the end of the year. Among them, there are 21354,700 urban telephone users and 8,268,600 rural telephone users. There were 1, 3 1, 2 1, 1, 000 new mobile phone users, reaching 53.6707 million by the end of the year. By the end of the year, the number of Internet users in the province has reached111.15000.
In 2004, there were 22 radio stations, 24 TV stations and 75 county-level radio and TV stations. The coverage rate of broadcast population and TV population reached 96. 1% and 96.4% respectively. There are 9.868 million cable TV users, and self-made and co-produced TV series 17.
traffic
There are four railway companies: Beijing-Kowloon, Beijing-Guangzhou, Guangmeishan and Sanmao.
In 2004, 992 kilometers of roads above Grade 4 were built in China, including 2 17 kilometers in expressway. Rebuild 4349 kilometers of roads. Add (expand) port berths 1 1, with an annual throughput of17.47 million tons.
There are more than 100 ports in the waterway, mainly Huangpu, Zhanjiang, Shekou and Chiwan. In 2003, five new (expanded) port berths were built, with an annual throughput of 2.4 million tons.
There are 8 civil aviation airports in aviation, and Baiyun Airport is one of the three international airports with the largest passenger flow in China, with 23 domestic routes and 5 feeder routes.
The height of Moxing Mountain is 372.4 meters above sea level. (Baiyun Mountain, the highest mountain in Guangzhou)
Guangzhou has a total area of 7434.4 square kilometers, accounting for 4. 18% of the province's land area.