There is no good treatment, so we can only pay attention to it at ordinary times, try to avoid strong light stimulation, and wear appropriate reading glasses, which may delay the degree of presbyopia.
If you are young, people with mild myopia are not easy to see.
This is an expert question and answer from The Road to Health. You can refer to it
Professor Li Zhihui is the chief physician of the Eye Center of Beijing Tongren Hospital. He has been engaged in clinical research and teaching of ophthalmology for a long time and is good at glaucoma and eye plastic refractive surgery. He published 42 papers. (Left)
Professor Zhou Yuehua, deputy director of the Department of Refraction, Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, has been engaged in clinical work of corneal refractive surgery and theoretical research of myopia for a long time, and has completed various refractive surgery 10000 cases. (right)
Hello, audience friends! This is CCTV's live program "The Road to Health". Today we are going to talk about presbyopia and reading glasses.
Moderator: Is presbyopia common among the elderly?
Li Zhihui: It's very common. Human aging is a natural law. In the process of aging, the eyes of the human body are earlier than other organs, and the aging phenomenon begins around forty or fifty years old.
Moderator: Is presbyopia related to using eyes when you are young?
Li Zhihui: Presbyopia has nothing to do with the number of eyes. People who use their eyes a lot have high requirements for their eyes and may be more sensitive. It should be said that presbyopia is bound to happen to middle-aged and elderly people.
Compere: Why does presbyopia appear?
Li Zhihui: Under normal circumstances, the eyes can clearly see the distance. When looking near or far, the eyes can adjust the focus to a suitable position through muscles and lenses. However, with the aging of the organization, the adjustment ability is gradually reduced, and the focus can only be adjusted by the outside world.
Moderator: What are the signs of presbyopia?
Zhou Yuehua: Generally speaking, middle-aged and elderly people have this experience. When they suddenly turn from a nearby object to a distant object, they will feel pale and can't see clearly, which is caused by the decline of their body's adjustment ability. In addition, I can feel that it is difficult to read the words that can be seen in dark places and bright places, and it is also difficult to read the small words on telephone books and dictionaries. People with myopia often need to take off their eyes to see things nearby.
Moderator: Can these situations clearly explain the aging phenomenon of eyes?
Zhou Yuehua: If you are about 40 or 50 years old, you can consider the possibility of presbyopia after going to the hospital for examination and excluding other diseases.
Moderator: Will things blur from far to near and from near to far at the same time?
Zhou Yuehua: Because everyone's refractive state is different, their manifestations are different, which may happen at the same time or separately.
Moderator: Are the symptoms of presbyopia sudden or gradual?
Zhou Yuehua: Generally speaking, it happens gradually, because the eye's ability to adjust gradually decreases.
Moderator: Do you need to wear presbyopia immediately?
Li Zhihui: When presbyopia symptoms appear, it is necessary to wear presbyopia glasses immediately. However, we should also take into account that about forty years old is an eventful autumn for ophthalmology. Before wearing reading glasses, you need to go to the hospital for a comprehensive examination to find out if there are other diseases in your eyes.
Moderator: Some elderly people go to the optical shop to choose reading glasses without eye examination after they have presbyopia symptoms. Is this correct?
Li Zhihui: This practice is unreasonable and unscientific. The wearing of reading glasses is not only aimed at the symptoms of presbyopia, but also should consider whether the eyes have other symptoms, refractive status, working environment and other comprehensive factors. Therefore, strict eye examination must be carried out before glasses are fitted.
Compere: Can presbyopia be optometred by computer?
Zhou Yuehua: Presbyopia can't be matched by computer optometry, because presbyopia is not only a refractive problem, but also involves tissue aging and its self-adjustment ability. You should go to the ophthalmology department for a systematic examination. First of all, we need to know the wearer's vision, including hyperopia and myopia. Experienced doctors can judge the refractive state through near and far vision, while computer optometry is only a preliminary screening for hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism and other refractive States.
Moderator: What specific tests do you need to do when wearing reading glasses?
Zhou Yuehua: The examination contents include vision measurement, myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism and other refractive abnormalities, slit lamp and ophthalmoscope examination, intraocular pressure and visual field examination, and ophthalmoscope examination to determine the degree of eyes.
Moderator: What other problems should I pay attention to when wearing reading glasses?
Li Zhihui: First of all, optometry should consider several factors: First, the refractive state of the eyes before presbyopia. Secondly, due to work factors, the wear degree of close-range workers is relatively high.
Moderator: Will it be uncomfortable to wear reading glasses at first?
Li Zhihui: Glasses should follow two principles. One is to see clearly, and the other is to wear comfortably.
Moderator: What is the difference between Mr. Sun's farsightedness and presbyopia in Baoding?
Zhou Yuehua: Hyperopia is a special refractive state, while presbyopia is an aging phenomenon. Although all manifestations can be corrected by convex lens, the mechanism is different. Presbyopic glasses are worn around 40-45 years old, and hyperopia glasses can be worn from an early age. Presbyopic glasses may also be accompanied by hyperopia, so a comprehensive examination is needed before glasses are fitted.
Moderator: Ms. Sun from Hebei, aged 39. Why did I lose my sight before I was 50?
Li Zhihui: This situation should be called early flowering. I used to have hyperopia, but when I was young, I had strong adjustment ability and my symptoms did not show. However, with the growth of age, my ability to adjust has declined, and my inability to see clearly has become more and more obvious. I should have a pair of farsighted glasses.
Moderator: Mr. Tang from Chongqing, 57 years old. I am nearsighted 100 degrees. Can I wear a pair of glasses to see near and far?
Zhou Yuehua: You can wear a pair of bifocal glasses. The upper part looks far and the lower part looks close, but it has some limitations. Because there is a transition zone in the middle, it is uncomfortable to see things, which requires an adaptation process, and it is not suitable for wearing outdoors, because repeatedly adjusting the distance of the objects you see will make your eyes feel very tired. At present, there is a progressive multifocal glasses. Because of the improvement of cushioning in the transition zone, things will be more comfortable to see, but the price is higher. In addition, remind friends who wear bifocal glasses to pay special attention to safety when going down stairs and keep their heads down as much as possible.
Moderator: Mr. Chen from Hunan, 50 years old. Right eye myopia 100 degrees, left eye hyperopia 400 degrees. Reading glasses are not suitable for several times. What should I do?
Li Zhihui: First, contact lenses can be used to correct myopia or hyperopia of both eyes, and then appropriate reading glasses can be used, which once again illustrates the importance of optometry.
Compere: Is there any other way for presbyopia besides wearing presbyopic glasses?
Zhou Yuehua: At present, presbyopia can be treated by surgery, but it is not mature enough and is still in the stage of tackling key problems. I believe that a mature treatment will be found in the near future to help middle-aged and elderly people remove presbyopia.
Moderator: Mr. Gu from Qinghai, 5 1 year old. I used to be nearsighted. Now I can't see clearly around with my nearsighted glasses. Do I need to wear reading glasses?
Li Zhihui: Myopia can also lead to presbyopia, which means that when you take off your glasses, you can see clearly. If the degree of myopia is below 300 degrees, you can see more clearly at the age of presbyopia, because the degrees of myopia and hyperopia can just cancel each other out. However, if the degree is above 500 degrees, you still need to wear glasses, but not the reading glasses we usually say, but the glasses with myopia of about 300 degrees.
Moderator: Will reading glasses develop faster after Ms. Tian Shantou used them at the age of 50?
Zhou Yuehua: Presbyopia is the aging process of an organism. Wearing presbyopic glasses will not accelerate the development of presbyopia, but only compensate for the fatigue symptoms when looking near.
Moderator: Ms. Feng from Beijing, 65 years old. I used to wear 300-degree reading glasses, and I was good at reading and writing. But in the last six months, I have worn reading glasses of any degree, and I can't see clearly from near to far. What is the reason? What should I do?
Li Zhihui: Perhaps the adjustment degree of presbyopia has changed. There are many reasons for the change, such as the appearance of eye diseases such as early cataract and early glaucoma, and the change of fundus.
Moderator: Generally speaking, reading glasses need to be checked or replaced after a few years.
Li Zhihui: Generally speaking, after wearing it, the temperature rises by 65,438+000 degrees every five years. When it increases to 400 degrees, it will not increase when you are about 60 years old. It is normal to change the degree regularly.
Moderator: Ms. Tian Gansu is 60 years old. I am 60 years old. I'm not deaf or blind. I can even thread a needle. Why won't I get old?
Zhou Yuehua: Such people may have been nearsighted in the past. As mentioned earlier, myopia can compensate for presbyopia, so it is manifested as blindness. This phenomenon of rejuvenation and sight recovery is not normal, and it is likely to be accompanied by other eye diseases.
Moderator: Can Mr. He and his wife, 49, in Tianjin, share a pair of reading glasses?
Li Zhihui: Because many factors need to be considered comprehensively when wearing reading glasses, and the situation of two people can't be exactly the same, so we don't advocate this practice. We should wear them separately.
Moderator: Mr. Wu, a 64-year-old from Shanxi, still feels very tired after wearing reading glasses of any degree. What should I do?
Zhou Yuehua: At this time, we should consider whether there are other eye diseases such as cataracts and fundus diseases. You should go to a professional hospital for examination and the doctor will give a satisfactory answer according to the actual situation.
Moderator: Ms. Wang from Shandong, 62 years old. Many elderly people, especially men, like to wear crystal glasses, saying that they can protect their eyes, avoid light and keep cool. Is it true?/You don't say.
Li Zhihui: Crystal mirrors are unscientific and unreasonable. It can block infrared rays, so it will feel cold, but it will have a bad influence on vision, because seeing things is often a ghost, which is harmful and useless.
Moderator: Ms. Lu from Harbin is 60 years old. Will reading newspapers with a magnifying glass affect her eyesight?
Zhou Yuehua: It will be inconvenient to use a magnifying glass. After a detailed eye examination, you should wear a pair of suitable reading glasses.