Symptoms of fetal auricle dysplasia Congenital microtia, or congenital external and middle ear malformation, characterized by severe auricle hypoplasia, atresia or stenosis of external auditory canal, and middle ear malformation, while the inner ear develops normally and has certain hearing through bone conduction. It needs to be treated by total ear reconstruction and auditory function reconstruction. The clinical features of patients with congenital microtia mainly involve auricle, external auditory canal and middle ear, while the inner ear is often not involved. According to the degree of deformity, the most commonly used clinical classification is three types:
Grade I: the size and shape of auricle have changed, but the important surface mark structure of auricle exists, and the external auditory canal is narrow, and in severe cases, the external auditory canal appears atresia;
ⅱ degree: the most typical, only vertical helix, sausage-shaped, closed external auditory canal;
ⅲ degree: Only the mass consisting of skin and cartilage is left, and in severe cases, there is no ear.
There are more than ten types of middle ear developmental disorders in patients with congenital microtia, mainly the development of ossicles, tympanic muscles and facial nerves, which are closely related to the severity of external ear malformation. Congenital external ear malformation can be manifested as one of the clinical symptoms of sequence sign when it is serious, such as oto-otovertebral spectrum (OAVS). In addition to microtia, patients with microtia also suffer from hemifacial deformity (hypoplasia of temporal bone, maxilla or mandible), soft tissue deformity (preauricular vegetation or giant mouth), eyelid defect (eyelid defect, eyelid conjunctival epithelial cyst), spinal deformity and congenital kidney and heart defects.
Timing of ear reconstruction surgery The timing of ear reconstruction surgery is very important, and it is one of the main determinants to obtain ideal surgical results. We think that 9 years old, 10 years old and1/kloc-0 years old are the best age for ear reconstruction. Too young, because its autogenous costal cartilage is small, thin and soft, it affects the fabrication of auricular cartilage scaffold, thus affecting the final surgical effect. Moreover, premature surgery requires more costal cartilage to be removed, and the probability and degree of thoracic deformation are higher and heavier when a costal cartilage is loaded than when a cartilage is older. However, it is best to complete the external ear reconstruction operation before puberty, because the psychological changes of adolescent children are great, and the impact on their psychological development before puberty will be much smaller. Although we have solved the technology of ear reconstruction for elderly patients, it is best not to wait until we are too old. With the increase of age, the texture of costal cartilage will change, even become yellow and brittle, which increases the difficulty of making auricular cartilage scaffold.