territorial scope
Qixia City, Shandong Province is known as the "Roof of Jiaodong", with an area of 20 17 square kilometers. Its main terrain is hills and mountains, and it has the characteristics of "six mountains, one water and three fields". This geographical and natural environment is very suitable for growing apples. Qixia people have a long history of planting apples, which has been 100 years.
Specific mass
Qixia apple is famous for its big size, bright color, good finish, moderate sweetness and sourness, crisp and delicious. It is listed as a national high-quality fruit production base by the Ministry of Agriculture, a demonstration city of fruit production, processing and sales integration base by the Ministry of Internal Trade, the only apple standardization demonstration city in China by the All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives and the State Bureau of Technical Supervision, and the "hometown of apples in China" by the naming organizing committee of China specialty town.
Cultural allusions
Since the reform and opening up, Qixia Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, based on the advantages of mountain resources, have taken the development of fruit industry as a pillar industry of rural economy, mobilized the people of the whole city to persistently pioneer and plant fruits, widely popularized and applied new fruit production technologies and new achievements such as formula fertilization, flower thinning, fruit bagging, plastic pruning, laying reflective film, spraying fruit agent and micro-spraying in orchards, and cut down old and inferior varieties planted in the 1960s and 1970s at one time. Some excellent tree species with good market prospects and high economic benefits have been developed. The new and inferior varieties planted since 1980s were improved into new and superior varieties, and the early, middle and late-maturing varieties were well matched, which made the fruit yield and quality continuously improved. Especially the popularization of apple bagging technology has greatly improved the coloring degree of fruit, eliminated pesticide residues and basically realized the fruit quality in line with the international market.
Qixia is rich in apples and has a long history. It is known as "the hometown of apples in China".
As early as A.D. 1866, Qixia introduced apples. After more than a century's development, especially in the recent 10 year, the area of orchards in the city has reached 650,000 mu, mainly including more than 60 new and excellent varieties such as Red Fuji, New Red Star, Gila and Jonah Gold, with a yield of 65.438+0 billion kg. 187 1 was introduced by American missionaries. At first, the main varieties were green bananas and red bananas. Later, Xiaoguoguang and Jin Shuai were developed. Since the reform and opening up, Red Fuji and Jonakin have been introduced. Yantai apple is famous for its bright color and crisp sweetness, and it is the most important apple producing area in China. Qixia specialty apple enjoys a good reputation all over the country in terms of planting area, comprehensive service, orchard management, variety technicians, total output per unit area and enterprise benefits. It was awarded the title of "Hometown of Apples" by the National Specialty Horticulture Society and "The First Fruit City in China" by the National Bureau of Statistics. Apple is planted in almost every village of 953 administrative villages in Qixia City, with Red Fuji as the main planting variety. Every season when apples are ripe, foreign vendors are all over the towns and villages in Qixia City. The annual output of apples in many villages is above 1000 tons, while the middle-yield villages like Luxiang Village can produce 3000 tons or 4000 tons of apples every year on average, so Qixia City is a well-deserved hometown of apples.
Qixia City, Shandong Province is known as the "Roof of Jiaodong", with an area of 20 17 square kilometers. Its main terrain is hills and mountains, and it has the characteristics of "six mountains, one water and three fields". This geographical and natural environment is very suitable for growing apples. Qixia people have a long history of planting apples, which has been 100 years. On the south bank of the beautiful bay, in the hinterland of Jiaodong Peninsula, there is a beautiful land with beautiful scenery and rich products. This is Qixia City, which has the reputation of "the first apple city in China". Since the reform and opening-up, Qixia City has been based on local conditions, adhered to the road of sustainable development, and developed high-yield and efficient agriculture and high-tech industries with the goal of building a prosperous, strong and civilized modern ecological city, which has effectively promoted the rapid economic development.
Fruit industry has become the industrial pillar of Qixia. With the development of fruit production, Qixia city decisively put forward a new idea of fruit development, which is "stabilizing area, stabilizing output and improving quality", and realized the transformation of fruit production from speed to quality. The application of plastic technologies such as straw mulching and film mulching, formula fertilization and pruning, and more than a dozen new technologies such as bagging apples, picking leaves and turning fruits, laying reflective films and using pollution-free pesticides have been implemented, and five high-quality seedling breeding bases and five virus-free seedling breeding test sites have been established, and a "demonstration" has been established.
Qixia Apple won the "Green Food Certificate" issued by the Ministry of Agriculture at the national and Shandong fruit appraisal meetings, and Qixia "Guan Yu" brand apple series was named "China Famous Fruit" by the Ministry of Agriculture and China Circulation Association.
In the 1990s, Qixia Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government vigorously implemented the fruit industrialization strategy, and gradually formed a new pattern of production and management with market leading, base leading and base contacting farmers. The city has built more than 60 leading enterprises, more than 50 fruit cold storage and more than 20 professional wholesale markets. Among them, Shewobo Fruit Wholesale Market has been listed as a national wholesale market, becoming the largest wholesale market in northern China, while Tong Yuan Juice Factory, which imported advanced equipment from Switzerland and Germany, is the largest juice production line in Asia at present, and all its products are exported to the United States, Germany, Singapore and other places.
Qixia, located in the middle of Jiaodong Peninsula, is dominated by mountains and hills, with an average elevation of 178m. It belongs to temperate monsoon continental climate, with an annual average temperature of 1 1.3℃, an average precipitation of 754mm, an average frost-free period of 207 days, four distinct seasons and a pleasant climate. The cumulative annual illumination time in the city is 2690 hours, and the temperature difference between day and night in autumn is large, and the soil conditions are suitable, so the natural environment is very suitable for apple growth. 1866, apples were introduced and planted in China. In the cultivation practice of 130 years, the majority of fruit farmers have accumulated rich technology and experience, and took the lead in summing up the early high-yield technology and annual pruning technology of young apple trees, which promoted the innovation of fruit tree production technology in the country, and the orchard management level has always been in the leading position in the country.
Since the reform and opening up, Qixia Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, based on the advantages of mountain resources, have taken the development of fruit industry as a pillar industry of rural economy, mobilized the people of the whole city to persistently pioneer and plant fruits, widely popularized and applied new fruit production technologies and new achievements such as formula fertilization, flower thinning, fruit bagging, plastic pruning, laying reflective film, spraying fruit agent and micro-spraying in orchards, and cut down old and inferior varieties planted in the 1960s and 1970s at one time. Some excellent tree species with good market prospects and high economic benefits have been developed. The new and inferior varieties planted since 1980s were improved into new and superior varieties, and the early, middle and late-maturing varieties were well matched, which made the fruit yield and quality continuously improved. Especially the popularization of apple bagging technology has greatly improved the coloring degree of fruit, eliminated pesticide residues and basically realized the fruit quality in line with the international market.
Qixia apple is famous for its big size, bright color, good finish, moderate sweetness and sourness, crisp and delicious. It has been listed as a national high-quality fruit production base by the Ministry of Agriculture, an integrated demonstration city of fruit production, processing and marketing by the Ministry of Internal Trade, the only apple standardization demonstration city in China by the All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives and the State Bureau of Technical Supervision, and the "30" project base county (city) of apple industry in Shandong Province. It is one of the development bases of improved fruit trees and the demonstration cities of fruit production and marketing bases in the province.