The specialty of stomatology belongs to stomatology and is one of the major medical specialties. Stomatology majors mainly study the basic theories and knowledge of stomatology, receive the training of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of oral and maxillofacial diseases, and have the basic ability of diagnosis, treatment, repair, prevention and health care of common oral diseases and frequently-occurring diseases.
Overview of clinical medicine specialty:
I. Clinical Introduction
Clinical medicine is a science that studies the etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of diseases, improves the level of clinical treatment and promotes human health. It is the general name of various professional disciplines that study the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases in medical science. According to the clinical manifestations of patients, it studies the etiology, pathogenesis and pathological process of diseases as a whole, and then determines the diagnosis. Through treatment and prevention, diseases can be eliminated, patients' suffering can be alleviated, patients' health can be restored, and the labor force can be protected.
Modern clinical medicine develops with the development of basic medicine. Many disciplines of basic medicine have increasingly clarified the etiology, pathogenesis and pathophysiological changes of diseases, which has promoted the further development and improvement of clinical medicine. After years of development, it has gradually formed many branches and specialties, such as infectious diseases, neurology, cardiology, nephrology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, respiration, general surgery, urology, orthopedics, thoracic and cardiac surgery, neurosurgery, oncology, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, geriatrics, radiology, emergency medicine, intensive care and so on. Including at least 50 disciplines and majors. It has made important contributions to human health.
Clinical medicine and postgraduate training are in the whole medical scope, and clinical medicine plays a guiding role in medical direction to a great extent. The training of clinical medical postgraduates includes clinical medical postgraduates and clinical experimental postgraduates. The former pays attention to the strict training of clinical practical work ability and aims at cultivating clinical professionals; The latter focuses on clinical scientific research training, and trains senior professionals who can independently conduct scientific research in clinical laboratories.
Two. Knowledge and skills
Graduates should have the following knowledge and abilities:
1. Master the basic theory and knowledge of clinical medicine in basic medicine;
2. Master the basic clinical skills of diagnosis and treatment of common diseases;
3. Have the ability to deal with acute, dangerous and serious diseases;
4. Familiar with national health guidelines, policies and regulations;
5 master the basic methods of medical literature retrieval and data investigation, and have certain scientific research and practical work ability.
3. Similar majors
Anesthesiology, medical imaging, medical examination, radiology, optometry, rehabilitation, psychiatry, medical technology, audiology, medical experiment, clinical medicine, medical beauty technology, medical imaging technology, rehabilitation technology, medical examination technology.
Four. qualification test
Clinical medicine majors can take the examination of clinical practitioners, and the certificate of clinical practitioners is one of the necessary conditions for becoming a clinical doctor.
The nature of the doctor qualification examination is the industry access examination, which is an examination to evaluate whether the applicant for doctor qualification has the necessary professional knowledge and skills to engage in medical work. The examination for clinical practitioners is divided into two parts: practical skills examination and comprehensive written examination.
The practical skills test adopts the method of multi-station test. There is a practical skills examination base in the examination area, and several test sites are set up according to the examination content. Candidates pass the test center in turn and accept the practical skills test. Each candidate must take the test at the test station of the same test base.
The comprehensive written examination of the doctor qualification examination was held in mid-September, and the specific time was subject to the announcement of the doctor qualification examination Committee of the Ministry of Health. The examination time for clinical practitioners is 2 days, and it is divided into 4 units, each of which is two and a half hours.
The comprehensive written examination all adopts multiple-choice form. There are five types of questions: A 1, A2, A3, A4, B 1. The total number of questions in the doctor qualification examination is about 600.
Present situation and trend of clinical medicine
I. Current situation
In recent twenty or thirty years, clinical medicine has made great progress in many fields. More prominent is that:
Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), two-dimensional ultrasound, angiography, nuclear medicine imaging, endoscopic technology, etc. When it is used in clinic, the diagnosis of many diseases replaces the reasoning based on clinical symptoms and simple physical examination with intuitive images, which greatly improves the diagnosis level of diseases.
(2) The development of interventional therapy, endoscopic therapy and radiotherapy, as well as the rise of minimally invasive surgery, have made remarkable progress in the treatment of many diseases;
(3) The transplantation of organs, tissues and cells, and the research of artificial organs and artificial tissues have brought new opportunities for the treatment of organ failure and serious tissue injury;
(4) The development of molecular biology, cell biology, histochemistry, genetic engineering and other technologies shows important prospects in elucidating the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment.
Two. development trends
Clinical medicine will be more closely integrated with preventive medicine and basic medicine. With the rapid development of science and technology, many new technologies, new materials and new drugs (including recombinant biological factors, etc. ) will strongly promote the development of clinical medicine, and the medical model has developed from biological model to bio-psycho-social model. Primary medical care, even if the people of the whole country get good first-line medical services, general practice is quietly emerging.
Main courses of clinical medicine:
Main disciplines: basic medicine and clinical medicine.
Main courses: human anatomy, histology and embryology, physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, pathology, preventive medicine, immunology, diagnostics, internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics and traditional Chinese medicine.
Main practical teaching links: graduation practice arrangement is generally not less than 48 weeks.
Professional information of stomatology:
Professional Name: Stomatology
Professional code: 10040 1
Subject category: medicine, stomatology.
Study time: five years
Degree awarded: Bachelor of Medicine
Training objectives of stomatology:
Cultivate clinical medical professionals with certain knowledge of humanities and social sciences and related natural sciences, solid basic medical theory and clinical medical knowledge, certain preventive medical knowledge, and certain clinical thinking ability and clinical practice ability.
Training requirements of stomatology:
Major students mainly study the basic theory and knowledge of stomatology, receive training in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of oral and maxillofacial diseases, and have the basic ability of diagnosis, treatment, repair, prevention and health care of common oral diseases and frequently-occurring diseases.
Knowledge and skills of stomatology:
Graduates should have the following knowledge and abilities:
1, master the basic theoretical knowledge and experimental skills of basic medicine and clinical medicine;
2. Master the basic theoretical knowledge and medical skills of stomatology;
3. Have the ability to diagnose and treat common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases in oral and maxillofacial region, as well as the initial treatment ability of acute, difficult and severe diseases;
4. Have the basic knowledge and general operation skills of prosthodontics;
5, familiar with national health guidelines, policies and regulations;
6. Master the basic methods of literature retrieval and data query, and have the preliminary ability of scientific research and practical work in stomatology.
Oral medical examination:
Graduates should have the following knowledge and abilities:
1, master the basic theoretical knowledge and experimental skills of basic medicine and clinical medicine;
2. Master the basic theoretical knowledge and medical skills of stomatology;
3. Have the ability to diagnose and treat common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases in oral and maxillofacial region, as well as the initial treatment ability of acute, difficult and severe diseases;
4. Have the basic knowledge and general operation skills of prosthodontics;
5, familiar with national health guidelines, policies and regulations;
6. Master the basic methods of literature retrieval and data query, and have the preliminary ability of scientific research and practical work in stomatology.
The field of stomatology:
Stomatologists have a wide range of employment. You can work in stomatology in a big hospital, you can also run a private clinic, and you can also engage in related facial plastic surgery in a beauty salon. Engaged in medical education, scientific research and clinical work after graduation: doctors-helping patients solve oral diseases in medical institutions or individual clinics, teachers-engaged in oral medicine teaching in medical colleges; Scientific researchers-people who study the occurrence, development, prevention and sales of oral diseases-are engaged in marketing work in oral medical equipment companies, toothpaste companies, oral materials companies and so on.