1. The contents of maintenance management in this standard include watering and drainage, fertilization, pruning, pest control, loosening soil and weeding, replanting, righting support, green space appearance and safe construction.

1. 1 Scope of application of this standard maintenance management: park green space, road green space, residential green space, attached green space, protective green space, etc.

1.2 Description of special terms in this standard.

1.2. 1 greening maintenance management refers to all maintenance management measures taken to make the garden green space clean and beautiful and the garden plants grow normally after the greening project is completed and accepted.

1.2.2 color block shrubs refer to colorful plants or flowering shrubs planted in patches in green space.

1.2.3 modeling shrubs refer to shrubs trimmed and bundled into specific shapes.

1.2.4 Flowers are the floorboard of woody ornamental plants and herbaceous ornamental plants.

1.2.5 Grass flowers refer to potted grass flowers and ground-planted grass flowers (including perennial flowers).

1.2.6 flowering shrubs refer to flowering shrubs and small trees.

2. Intuitive maintenance standards

2. 1 The growing trees are thriving.

2.2 The color of leaves is normal, the leaves are large and fat, the leaves are free from yellowing, scorching, leaf curling and defoliation, and there is no obvious insect excrement and insect net. The number of insect bites on leaves is below 10% per plant.

2.3 The trunk of the branch is straight, the inclination is not more than 10 degree, there are no tillers and buds at the base of the trunk, the branches are thick, there are no obvious dead branches and piles, and there are basically no live eggs and borers. There are basically no live insects on the main branches and side branches of scale insects.

2.4 The crown is complete and beautiful, the branching points are appropriate, the lateral branches are evenly distributed, the branching density is appropriate, the inner cavity is not chaotic, and the light is transparent.

2.5 The branch height, tree height and crown width of street trees are basically the same, and there is no shortage of two consecutive trees, and the height difference between adjacent five trees is < 10%.

2.6 The flowering rate of flowering shrubs is high, the flowers are lush, and there is no phenomenon of falling flowers and buds. Color block shrubs have no broken trees, the coverage rate reaches 100%, the color blocks are clear and the lines are clear and smooth.

2.7 Hedges and modeling shrubs should have clear outlines, smooth surfaces, round and smooth surfaces, no gaps, no branches and dew.

2.8 The vines are distributed reasonably, the branches and leaves are evenly covered and firmly attached, and the coverage rate is over 85%.

2.9 Grass flowers grow healthily, flowers flourish, and there are no residual flowers and leaves. The flower beds are neat and beautiful, with flowers in all seasons, distinct layers, clear patterns and appropriate color matching.

2. 10 lawn grows luxuriantly, with normal leaf color, basically no bald spots, no hay layer, no weeds, no pests and diseases, the coverage rate is over 98%, and the stubble height is always maintained at 6-8cm.

3. Maintenance and construction standards

3. 1 Drainage

3. 1. 1 Principle Watering should be determined according to different plant biological characteristics, tree age, season and soil moisture. Be timely, appropriate, and not missing. Water it thoroughly every time.

3. 1.2 years after planting trees, trees need to be watered continuously for 3 years and shrubs need to be watered continuously for 5 years. If the soil quality is poor, trees grow poorly or in dry years, the watering time should be extended.

3. 1.3 Trees shall be determined according to specific conditions and watering principles. Planting perennial flowers underground is subject to the fact that the soil is not dry. Sprinkling irrigation should start at least 30 minutes each time, subject to no runoff on the ground.

3. 1.5 It should be done in the morning and evening in summer and in the afternoon in winter.

3. 1.6 Pay attention to drainage in rainy season, and discharge accumulated water in time.

3.2 Fertilization

3.2. 1 principle In order to ensure the normal growth and development of garden plants, trees, flowers and lawns should be fertilized regularly. Fertilization should be based on plant species, tree age, site conditions, growth and fertilizer types.

3.2.2 Trees and shrubs that have been planted for five years as fertilization objects; Ill-growing trees; Woody flowers; Lawn and grass flowers.

3.2.3 Fertilization can be divided into two categories: base fertilizer and topdressing. The base fertilizer is generally organic fertilizer, which is carried out during plant dormancy, and the topdressing is generally carried out with chemical fertilizer or compound fertilizer during plant growth. Base fertilizer should be fully decomposed before application, mixed with fine soil in a certain proportion, and dissolved before application of chemical fertilizer. Dry application of chemical fertilizer must pay attention to uniformity, and the dosage should be less than more. After applying the pesticide, it must be watered fully in time to avoid damaging the roots and leaves.

3.2.4 Fertilization Times Trees apply base fertilizer 1 time and topdressing 1 time every year; Shrubs are applied with base fertilizer 1 time and topdressing twice a year; Color block shrubs and hedges are applied with base fertilizer twice a year and topdressing four times; The lawn is combined with punching and applying base fertilizer twice a year, and topdressing is not less than 9 times; Foliage fertilizer is mainly applied to grass flowers, half a month 1 time.

3.2.5 The amount of basal fertilizer (below DBH 10cm) should be not less than 20k g/ plant? Second, the shrub is not less than 10 kg/plant? Time, color block shrubs and hedges not less than 0.5 kg/㎡? Plants and lawns shall not be less than 0.2kg/m2? Second, topdressing generally uses a solution with a concentration of 0.5%- 1%. The general dosage of dry chemical fertilizer does not exceed 250g/ plant? 2. Shrubs shall not exceed 150g/ plant? Two, color block shrubs and hedges shall not exceed 30g/㎡? Times, the lawn does not exceed 10g/㎡? Time.

3.2.6 Trees and shrubs should dig fertilization ditches and holes with a depth of not less than 30cm, which will not damage the root system.

3.3 pruning

3.3. 1 Pruning should be based on tree habits, design intent, maintenance season and landscape effect to achieve the purpose of balancing tree potential, regulating growth, graceful posture and flourishing flowers.

3.3.2 Pruning includes bud removal, tillering, core removal and bud removal, branch thinning, short cutting, shaping and crown replacement.

3.3.3 Maintenance pruning can be divided into conventional pruning and modeling (shaping) pruning. The basic requirement of conventional pruning is to keep the natural tree shape. According to the principle of "more thinning and less cutting", timely peel off buds and tillers, and reasonably cut off inner branches, overlapping branches, cross branches, drooping branches, rotten branches, pest branches, clustered branches, weak branches and damaged branches, so as to maintain ventilation and lighting in the inner room and full crown. Modeling pruning uses cutting, sawing, binding, tying and other means to trim the crown into a specific shape, so as to achieve a clear outline, smooth crown surface, no seams, no branches and no bundles.

3.3.4 Generally, trees are only pruned routinely. For trees whose main branches and lateral branches have not yet been finalized, short cutting technology can be used to form a three-level branching skeleton year by year. The branching point of Yin Tingshu should be gradually improved with the growth of trees, and the ratio of crown height to trunk height should be between 7: 3 and 6: 4. The branch height, tree height and crown size of roadside trees in the same section should be basically the same. When there are overhead power lines above, the branches that affect safety should be cut off in time according to the relevant regulations of the power department.

3.3.5 Shrubs are generally pruned to keep their natural posture, and the branches are too dense to keep the inner room ventilated and transparent. For the aging main branches of clustered shrubs, the long branches should be cultivated by stages or the old branches should be cut off to update them in line with the principle of "preserving the new and eliminating the old". The pruning of flowering shrubs and small trees should grasp the law of flower bud development. The flowers and trees that bloomed slightly in that year should be pruned before germination in early spring, and the branches that bloomed in the previous year should be shortened to promote the germination of new branches. Flowers and trees that form flower buds in the same year and bloom in early spring of the following year should be moderately pruned after flowering, and old branches with low flowering rate should be updated year by year. Flowers and trees that bloom on perennial branches should constantly cultivate old branches and cut off new branches that are too dense.

3.3.6 Hedges and modeling shrubs (including colored shrubs) are generally trimmed by modeling pruning method, and trimmed according to the specified shape and height. Each trimming should keep the shape and outline clear and the surface smooth. When the new shoots grow more than 10cm after pruning, the second pruning should be carried out. If the density affects ventilation and light transmission, the inner room should be thinned. When the growth height affects the landscape effect, the intensity pruning should be carried out, and the intensity pruning should be carried out during the dormant period.

3.3.7 Prune vines once a year, once every 2 ~ 3 years, thoroughly clean up dead vines, straighten out the distribution direction, and make the leaf curtains evenly distributed and equal in thickness.

3.3.8 Pruning grass flowers should master the growth and flowering habits of various flowers, and promote the growth of lateral buds and increase the number of flowering branches by cutting tips and removing stones. It is necessary to constantly remove the residual flowers, yellow leaves and leaves of diseases and insect pests after flowering, so as to enhance the ornamental effect of flowers.

3.3.9 Lawn mowing The mowing height of the lawn should be kept at 6-8cm, and it must be mowed when the grass height exceeds 12cm. The mowing times of mixed lawn shall be no less than 20 times/year, and Zoysia japonica shall be no less than 5 times/year.

3.3. 10 pruning time: deciduous trees and shrubs will be carried out in winter dormancy period, and evergreen trees and shrubs will be carried out in growth period. Hedge, modeling shrub, color block shrub, lawn, etc. Should be carried out in a timely manner according to the maintenance requirements.

3.3. 1 1 pruning times shall be no less than 1 times/year for trees, no less than 2 times/year for shrubs, no less than 12 times/year for hedgerows and modeling shrubs, and no less than 8 times/year for colored shrubs.

3.3. 12 After trimming, kerbs or kerbs shall be smooth, and no splitting and short piles shall be left.

3.3. 13 pruning shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of technical operation procedures, and special attention shall be paid to safety.

3.4 Pest control

3.4. 1 Principle Fully implement the policy of "prevention first, comprehensive management", master the occurrence law of garden pests and diseases, and prevent possible pests and diseases under the guidance of prediction. The pests and diseases that have occurred should be dealt with in time to prevent the spread of disasters. The incidence of pests and diseases should be controlled below 10%.

3.4.2 Drug control of pests and diseases should correctly select the types, dosage forms, concentrations and application methods of pesticides according to different tree species, species of pests and diseases and specific environmental conditions, so as to give full play to their efficacy without causing phytotoxicity and reducing environmental pollution.

3.4.3 Spraying should be atomized, and spraying should be uniform from inside to outside, from top to bottom and on the back of leaves, leaving no blank. Spraying should be carried out in sunny days without wind, not in rainy days or hot noon. Pay attention to pedestrian safety when spraying drugs and avoid rush hour. There are food, fruits, fish ponds, etc. in the spraying area, which must be removed or covered before proceeding. Clean the medical instruments immediately after spraying, and don't pour the residual liquid indiscriminately.

3.4.4 Trunk injection method can be used to control tall trees or borers that are difficult to spray to the top.

3.4.5 Seize the favorable opportunity of application. Insects are most effective in incubation period or before the third instar of larvae, and fungal diseases should be applied in spore germination period or initial infection period.

3.4.6 When digging out underground pests, the depth should be within 5 ~ 20cm, and the roots should not be injured when approaching the roots. Insects such as scale insects scraped off branches by hand should be thoroughly cleaned, so as not to damage the endothelium of branches or branches. When scraping the rotten diseases on branches, all damaged parts should be cleaned, the wounds should be disinfected and coated with protective agents, and the scraped worms and diseased bark should be collected in time for burning.

3.4.7 Pesticides shall be properly kept. Application personnel should pay attention to their own safety, and must wear protective equipment such as overalls, working caps, goggles, masks and gloves as required.

3.5 Loosening and weeding

3.5. 1 scarifying soil should be loosened in time after hardening, and the scarifying depth is 5 ~ 10 cm. Lawn should be loosened with a puncher at least twice a year.

3.5.2 Weeding should be based on the principle of "early weeding, small weeding and large weeding". Weeds should be removed at any time, and weeding must be uprooted. Green space should be basically free of weeds, and the purity of lawn should reach over 95%.

3.6 replanting

3.6. 1 Maintain the number of plants planted in the green space, and replant them in time if there are no plants. Replanting should use seedlings of the same variety and basic specifications to ensure the landscape effect after replanting.

3.6.2 The bald spots on the lawn should be supplemented as needed to ensure the coverage and density of the lawn. Different methods can be used to supplement grass, such as planting, sowing and laying.

3.7 Support and righting

3.7. 1 Trees whose inclination exceeds 10 degrees should be righted, deciduous trees should be kept dormant, and evergreen trees should be kept in the state before germination. Before righting, some branches should be thinned or cut short to ensure the survival of righting trees.

2.7.2 Newly planted trees and trees after righting should be supported. The supporting materials of the same road section or area should be unified, and the supporting methods should be standardized and tidy. The supporting point should be greater than 1/2 of the tree height, and the supporting material should be laid with soft material at the contact point between the supporting point and the trunk to avoid damaging the bark. Before the rainy season comes every year, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the support, reinforce the loose support in time, and remove the bundles that have entered the bark in time.

3.8 Green appearance

3.8. 1 Keep the green space clean and beautiful at all times.

3.8.2 Remove construction residues such as grass clippings, branches and dead trees in time, and the stacking time on site shall not exceed the same day.

3.8.3 Wash the dust accumulated on the branches and leaves of trees frequently to prevent clogging of pores and affect the landscape effect. Street trees are washed 10 every June to April of the following year 1, and washed 1 times every week or more.

3.9 Safety construction

3.9. 1 The construction of each process of greening and maintenance should be people-oriented, safe and civilized.

3.92 The greening and maintenance construction of roads and residential areas should be unified with safety devices, warning signs or warning signs of construction personnel to ensure the safety of construction personnel and pedestrians.