The following regulations should be considered in the selection of varieties: select harvested high-quality varieties with short stems, compact trunk, large fruits, storage and transportation resistance, meeting natural environmental standards such as low light and high temperature, and high self-flowering commodity rate. Generally speaking, peaches can be selected from Chun Xue and Chun Yan. Nectarine can be selected from You 4, Hui Jin and Zhong You 16. Tao Pan can choose early dew flat peach and early oil flat peach.
Transplanting adopts different planting relative densities according to the adopted tree species, such as1m× 1m× 1.5m, 1m×2m. Simple greenhouses are often used in the north and south, and peach trees are transplanted, and thinning is carried out according to the growth status of peach trees in the middle and late stages. First-class seedlings are used, with a height of 80cm, a thickness of about 0.6cm, a transplanting hole with a diameter of more than 35cm and a depth of 35cm. Immediately after transplanting, water it, and then cover it with a layer of sub-film.
Management method of liquid fertilizer * The soil is covered with agricultural plastic film, and the management method of liquid fertilizer is implemented according to the standard of "promoting first and then controlling", that is, before July 20 in Dalian, a small amount of meals should be fertilized and injected with water to promote the nutritional growth of peach trees. From July 20 to the end of August, pot-soaking and fertilizer control promoted the transformation from vegetative growth to reproductive system growth and development. After the stem is fixed, apply fertilizer when the new branches grow to 20 ~ 35 cm, with base fertilizer as the main fertilizer.
25g urea solution was applied to plants. Until July 5th, every time 15d 1 time, water needs to be injected after smearing. Spraying 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the first half of August. From the end of August to the beginning of September, apply high-quality organic fertilizer or bacterial fertilizer 10 ~ 15 kg to each plant, and add 0.5~ 1 kg of nutrient elements for autumn fertilization. Fertilization at flowering stage should be carried out on 10d days after temperature rising, compound fertilizer should be applied at 150g/ plant, and special fertilizer or compound fertilizer for fruit trees should be applied at 150 ~ 200g/ plant at full flowering stage and fruit expansion stage. The key to watering depends on the situation of seedlings. In addition to watering once after fertilization and before warming up, attention should also be paid to watering a small amount in the middle and late stages to avoid rotten fruit. How to manage peach trees in greenhouse?
Techniques for Efficient Planting and Management of Peach Trees in Greenhouse in Dalian 1.5 Plastic Beauty Trimming Plastic Beauty Trimming needs to achieve the purpose of natural ventilation and light transmission. According to the structure of the greenhouse, the two sides of the greenhouse adopt the shape of a happy character, and the middle adopts a main stem or a Y-shape. Under normal circumstances, no branches are left, and fruit branches grow on the main stem immediately. At the beginning of transplanting, the stem was fixed at 40 cm on both sides and 50 cm in the middle. After the new branches germinate, select the seedling branches. When the other branches are 30 ~ 40 cm, leave 25cm for pinching up and down to promote new branches. When the new branch grows to 25 cm, leave 20 cm for pinching. The key to pruning before heating is thinning, over-density, weak branches and pest branches. After hanging the fruit, with the growth of the fruit, if the branches are slack, they must be hung.
And thinning branches according to the situation, so as to improve the photosynthesis of plants and improve the taste of fruits. Prune on time after picking to promote new branches, and make clear the amount of branches left according to the tree structure and area size. 1 Temperature and humidity management method 1.6. 1 Dormancy period Dalian went into ultra-low temperature dormancy in the middle and late of 10, and the dormancy temperature was between 0 and 7.2℃. When you sleep, you must define the sleeping mode according to the category characteristics and the time to go on the market. If of course sleep can't meet the requirements of cooling capacity, forced sleep can be used. That is, when the temperature is higher than 7.2℃ in broad daylight, learn to put down the quilt to shade and cool down.
At night, make sure the rolling shed is dormant. After reaching the cooling capacity required in the manufacturing period, the temperature can be raised in advance. Product quality and fruit size are important indicators of greenhouse planting. The maturity period is April-May, and the heating time can be calculated according to the expected harvest period and the fruit development stage of this variety. From easy to difficult, the temperature is gradually controlled at 65438 05℃ in broad daylight for three days, and then it is heated at 2℃ every day until it dies at 25℃, and the ambient humidity is above 7℃ at night until it blooms; The daytime temperature of flowering period is 65438 08 ~ 22℃,
The lowest temperature at night is maintained at 8 ~ 10℃, the average temperature is 12 ~ 14℃, and the ambient humidity is about 50%. The temperature of fruit growing period is 24 ~ 26℃, and the environmental humidity is about 50%. How to manage peach trees in greenhouse? Techniques for Efficient Planting and Management of Peach Trees in Greenhouse in Dalian 1.7 Generally, honey peak pollination is adopted, and bees are released per acre 1 box, and the best time for releasing bees is 1 ~ 2 flower hours per tree. You can also use manpower to assist pollination, and use small and medium-sized fans to blow petals to push pollination 1 ~ 2 times a day. You can also gently kick the trunk with your feet.
Promote bee pollen fitness exercise. According to the growth and development of tree stems, the amount of remaining fruits is clear. Generally, there are 2 ~ 3 long fruiting branches, 1 ~ 2 middle fruiting branches, 1 weak branches or no fruit left. 1.8 The incidence of diseases in greenhouse is relatively small, mainly caused by bacterial infection, hole-breaking disease, budding insects and rice planthopper. Advocate pest control and physical control. According to the occurrence law and economic threshold of diseases, scientific research and application of chemical control technology can control diseases reasonably. The incidence of burrowing disease can be 800 times that of zhongshengmycin,
5% acetamiprid EC 2000 times can control borers, 20% triazole tin granules 2000 times or 73% propargite 2500 times can control planthoppers. To sum up, the efficient cultivation and management method of peach trees in greenhouse in Dalian is technical. Only by improving management ability can we improve the production, sales and quality of peach trees, promote the development trend of local peach industry chain and increase the income of farmers' economic development.
Transplanting adopts different planting relative densities according to the adopted tree species, such as1m× 1m× 1.5m, 1m×2m. Simple greenhouses are often used in the north and south, and peach trees are transplanted, and thinning is carried out according to the growth status of peach trees in the middle and late stages. First-class seedlings are used, with a height of 80cm, a thickness of about 0.6cm, a transplanting hole with a diameter of more than 35cm and a depth of 35cm. Immediately after transplanting, water it, and then cover it with a layer of sub-film. 1.4* management method of liquid fertilizer * soil is covered with agricultural plastic film, and the management method of liquid fertilizer is implemented according to the standard of "promoting first and then controlling".
That is to say, before July 20 in Dalian, fertilization and water injection were carried out in a small amount of meals to promote the nutritional growth of peach trees. From July 20 to the end of August, pot-soaking and fertilizer control promoted the transformation from vegetative growth to reproductive system growth and development. After the stem is fixed, when the new branches grow to 20 ~ 35 cm, fertilization is carried out, with base fertilizer as the main fertilizer, and 25g urea solution is applied to the plants. Until July 5th, every time 15d 1 time, water needs to be injected after smearing. Spraying 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the first half of August. From the end of August to the beginning of September, apply high-quality organic fertilizer or bacterial fertilizer 10 ~ 15 kg to each plant.
In addition, 0.5~ 1 kg nutrient elements were added to carry out autumn fertilization. Fertilization at flowering stage should be carried out on 10d days after temperature rising, compound fertilizer should be applied at 150g/ plant, and special fertilizer or compound fertilizer for fruit trees should be applied at 150 ~ 200g/ plant at full flowering stage and fruit expansion stage. The key to watering depends on the situation of seedlings. In addition to watering once after fertilization and before warming up, attention should also be paid to watering a small amount in the middle and late stages to avoid rotten fruit. How to manage peach trees in greenhouse? Techniques for Efficient Planting and Management of Peach Trees in Greenhouse in Dalian 1.5 Plastic Beauty Trimming Plastic Beauty Trimming needs to achieve the purpose of natural ventilation and light transmission. According to the structure of the greenhouse, the two sides of the greenhouse adopt a happy shape, and the middle adopts a main rod shape or a Y shape.
Under normal circumstances, no branches are left, and fruit branches grow on the main stem immediately. At the beginning of transplanting, the stem was fixed at 40 cm on both sides and 50 cm in the middle. After the new branches germinate, select the seedling branches. When the other branches are 30 ~ 40 cm, leave 25cm for pinching up and down to promote new branches. When the new branch grows to 25 cm, leave 20 cm for pinching. The key to pruning before heating is thinning, over-density, weak branches and pest branches. With the growth of fruit after fruit hanging, branches must be hung and thinned according to the situation to improve plant photosynthesis and fruit taste. Prune on time after picking to promote new branches, and make clear the amount of branches left according to the tree structure and area size.
Management method of temperature and humidity during dormancy Dalian entered ultra-low temperature dormancy in the middle and late June of 10, and the dormancy temperature was within the range of 0 ~ 7.2℃. When you sleep, you must define the sleeping mode according to the category characteristics and the time to go on the market. If of course sleep can't meet the requirements of cooling capacity, forced sleep can be used. That is, when the temperature is higher than 7.2℃ during the day, learn to put down the quilt to shade and cool down, and ensure that you sleep in the shed at night. During manufacturing, after the cooling capacity is reached, the temperature can be raised in advance. Product quality and fruit size are important indicators of greenhouse planting. The maturity period is April-May, and the heating time can be calculated according to the expected harvest period and the fruit development stage of this variety. The temperature rises from easy to difficult,
Gradually control the temperature at 15℃ in broad daylight for three days, and then increase it by 2℃ every day until 25℃ is cut off, and the ambient humidity is 70% above 7℃ at night until flowering; The daytime temperature at flowering stage is 18 ~ 22℃, the lowest temperature at night is 8 ~ 10℃, the average temperature is 12 ~ 14℃, and the ambient humidity is about 50%. The temperature of fruit growing period is 24 ~ 26℃, and the environmental humidity is about 50%. How to manage peach trees in greenhouse? Techniques for Efficient Planting and Management of Peach Trees in Greenhouse in Dalian 1.7 Generally, honey peak pollination is adopted, and bees are released per acre 1 box, and the best time for releasing bees is 1 ~ 2 flower hours per tree. You can also use manpower to assist pollination, and use small and medium-sized fans to blow petals to push pollination 1 ~ 2 times a day.
You can also gently kick the trunk with your feet to promote bee pollen fitness. According to the growth and development of tree stems, the amount of remaining fruits is clear. Generally, there are 2 ~ 3 long fruiting branches, 1 ~ 2 middle fruiting branches, 1 weak branches or no fruit left. 1.8 The incidence of diseases in greenhouse is relatively small, mainly caused by bacterial infection, hole-breaking disease, budding insects and rice planthopper. Advocate pest control and physical control. According to the occurrence law and economic threshold of diseases, scientific research and application of chemical control technology,
Reasonably manipulate the disease. 800-fold solution of Zhongshengmycin, 2000-fold solution of 5% acetamiprid EC against budding insects, 2000-fold solution of 20% triazole tin granules or 2500-fold solution of 73% propargite against rice planthoppers can prevent the occurrence of hole-breaking disease. To sum up, the efficient cultivation and management method of peach trees in greenhouse in Dalian is technical. Only by improving management ability can we improve the production, sales and quality of peach trees, promote the development trend of local peach industry chain and increase the income of farmers' economic development.