Guidelines and rules for raising seedlings in gardens and nurseries

Chapter I General Provisions

1.0. 1 These regulations are formulated in order to strengthen the technical management of urban garden nurseries, improve the technical level of seedling raising and meet the needs of urban gardens for seedlings and lawns.

1.0.2 This procedure mainly deals with the propagation techniques of trees, shrubs, climbing plants and lawns needed for landscaping in Beijing.

1.0.3 The garden nursery should carry out scientific experiments, popularize and adopt new technologies, and cultivate pure, new, excellent and strong seedlings according to the needs of landscaping and combining with the actual production.

Chapter II Division of Nursery Land

The first section nursery conditions

2. 1. 1 The slope of nursery land should be 1-2 ‰, and the sections with excessive slope should be turned into terraces.

2. 1.2 The cultivated land in the nursery should be loam, the PH value should be slightly alkaline, and the organic matter content in the cultivated layer should not be less than 2.0%. Hydrolyzed nitrogen 40-60PPM, available phosphorus 20PPM and available potassium 60PPM.

2. 1.3 Nursery should have sufficient water, convenient irrigation and drainage, and convenient transportation.

Section II Division of Nursery

2.2. 1 According to the needs of seedling production, the nursery should be divided into production area, auxiliary area and management area.

2.2.2 The land used in the production area is not less than 75% of the total area of the nursery, which can be generally divided into the following communities;

A) Breeding areas: including sexual breeding areas, asexual breeding areas and protective breeding areas. 8% of the nursery area.

B) Seedling transplant area: 10- 15% of the seedling area.

C) Large nursery area: 75% of the nursery area.

D) Scientific experimental area: 2-3% of the conservation area.

E) Observation and display area of female parent and new superior varieties: 2% of the nursery area.

2.2.3 Production auxiliary areas: including windbreaks, nursery roads, irrigation and drainage channels, manure fields and management areas. 20-25% of the total area.

Chapter III Management of Nursery Land

Section 1 Soil Preparation

3. 1. 1 Before planting, the soil should be prepared and meet the following standards.

A) Cultivated land: the cultivation depth is 20-25cm.

B) Before leveling, find out the four sides and build irrigation and drainage ditches.

C) ridging: according to the needs of production and operation, a seedbed is set, with a length of 10-25m and a width of 1- 10-25m, with a flat bed surface and a slope of about 2-3 ‰. Plant big seedlings and irrigate the back after planting. Intercropping and sowing are carried out on demand.

D) Areas with serious underground pests: pesticide should be applied in weak period or treated according to technical regulations for plant protection.

E) Land with soil balls out of the nursery: loam should be returned according to the amount of soil taken out of the nursery, and then coarse, cultivated and fine.

Section 2 Management

3.2. 1 Land fallow: the nursery area is fallow for one year every ten years, and green manure is planted. The land with big soil balls out of the nursery should be fallow for one year after backfilling, and green manure should be planted and applied to restore soil fertility.

3.2.2 Rotation cutting period: there should be a planned rotation cutting period in the nursery stock breeding area and nursery stock planting area, deciduous trees and evergreen trees planting area.

Soil fertility:

A) Nursery soil should be measured once a year, and the main contents are as follows: organic matter content, hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium content, PH value, and salt content of individual nursery soil.

B) Organic matter content: the organic matter content in the nursery area, nursery area, experimental area and mother plant area shall not be less than 3.5%, and the seedling transplanting area shall not be less than 2.5%.

Chapter IV Collection and Storage of Seed Strips

Section 1 Seed Collection and Storage

4. 1. 1 Nursery should be equipped with full-time or part-time seed collection, processing and storage personnel.

4. 1.2 The seeds were collected from the mother plant with strong growth, strong stress resistance and no pests and diseases.

4. 1.3 Do a good job of provenance investigation before seed collection, and collect seeds in time. Seeds with a harvest period of more than 30 days should be processed and stored separately, and mixed use is strictly prohibited. Each batch of seeds must have a card indicating the collection time, place and variety name.

4. 1.4 Select seeds immediately after harvest and air dry. Store after the water content reaches the standard. Seeds with high oil content, such as pepper. Seeds that are afraid of losing water, such as Aesculus chinensis, Magnolia grandiflora, cherry, Caragana sinica, etc., should be immediately mixed with sand for preservation. Seeds that are easy to lose germination rate can be sown in time.

Section II Collection, Processing and Storage of Roots and Strips

4.2. 1 Roots should be taken from older, pure-colored, robust, pest-free mother plants.

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A) Hardwood cuttings: Deciduous trees and poplar cuttings are selected as annual cuttings with robust growth and full leaf buds, and the time is from defoliation to 1. Willow cuttings should be 2-3 years old, grow healthily and have no pests and diseases. Plugging after harvest, breaking in winter, storing, ear length 14- 16 cm. Evergreen trees, choose annual robust branches without pests and diseases before germination.

B) Softwood cutting: mainly refers to various flowering shrubs and evergreen trees. Take annual, semi-lignified, robust and well-organized branches with leaves as cuttings, and arrange and cut them immediately after harvest. Heels can improve the survival rate.

C) Roots for rooting: after the trees fall in autumn, but before the soil freezes. After the soil thaws in spring, collect roots for rooting before germination. According to the thickness of the root, cut it into 10- 15cm, count it, tie it up, and follow it in. Pay absolute attention to the up and down direction and mark it if necessary.

4.2.3 Rooting: Before germination in spring and after defoliation in autumn, the tillers growing from the roots of mother trees are dug out one by one, graded, counted and tied into roots.

4.2.4 Burying: After defoliation in autumn, collect the long branches (strips) of root tillers with adventitious buds from the roots of mother trees or annual tillers in the burying area of nursery, and stick them in after harvesting, cut off the bud-free parts at the base and top of root tillers in winter, and classify, count and stick them in.

Chapter V Seedling Propagation

The first section preparation work

5. 1. 1 seedbed: including seedbed, cutting bed, ridge bed, strip bed and sunshine bed.

5. 1.2 Equipment for heating, cooling, spraying, lighting, shading, ventilation, substrate, observation and recording equipment, seedling container, nutrient solution, corresponding technical measures and personnel training.

5. 1.3 Make a sowing plan before sowing; Open-air sowing, greenhouse or plastic shed sowing, field sowing, ridge sowing and pot sowing. Production standards; Seedling height (thickness), classification, seedling yield 10 square meter, seed consumption, etc.

Section 2 Sowing and Propagation

5.2. 1 accelerating germination: except for summer sowing and autumn sowing, most spring sowing seeds need long-term (>: 290 days), medium-term (> 130 days) and short-term pre-sowing accelerating germination treatment. Seeds can be sown when they germinate more than 30%. Special seeds, such as Gleditsia sinensis, should be soaked in concentrated sulfuric acid for 30 minutes, cleaned and stored in sand. When storing sand, the volume ratio of sand to seeds is 2-3: 1, and when sowing, the sand is scattered into the field with the seeds.

5.2.2 Sowing seeds with buds;

A), regardless of bed broadcast or long broadcast. Bottom water is needed for drilling (belt), sowing and on-demand

B) Some seeds with buds should be properly protected, such as covered with plastic film and reed curtain. The amount of water should not be too large,

C) The thickness of covering soil can be determined according to technical measures, soil quality and protective measures.

5.2.4 Pay attention to seedling inspection to prevent and control diseases, insects, grasses and birds.

5.2.5 Sowing should be done early, seedlings should be fixed early, and finally the number of seedlings left is 120% of the planned seedling yield.

Section 3 Cutting Propagation

5.3. 1 hardwood cutting: field cutting should be carried out around the vernal equinox. All long cuttings should be inserted into the soil; The cuttings in the protected area are inserted into the soil for 2-5cm; Evergreen cuttings are usually inserted into the soil for 2-3 cm.

5.3.2 Softwood cutting: full light fog cutting or protective cutting (greenhouse, plastic shed, sunny border), generally inserted into soil 1.5-2.5 cm. Cutting should have leaves.

5.3.3 In order to improve the survival rate of cuttings, cuttings can be quickly dipped in rooting powder 500- 1000 ppm.

5.3.4 Diseases, insects and weeds should be prevented in time after transplanting. The cutting area shall be managed by designated personnel.

Section 4 Grafting Propagation

5.4. 1 Grafting: Cutting of deciduous trees must be sealed with wax, and the specific grafting method should be subcutaneous grafting. The grafting time should be 10- 12 cm after the rootstock germinates, and the cuttings should be sealed with wax solution above 90℃ in winter and stored at low temperature. You can also use methods such as incision and abdominal connection according to different places and people. Grafting evergreen trees, the grafting site should be as close to the surface as possible, and abdominal grafting method should be adopted.

5.4.2 Bud grafting: According to the needs of tree species, T-shaped bud grafting should be adopted at the grafting site, and the time is from late July to late August.

5.4.3 Binding of grafting and budding: PVC rubber strip or plastic strips should be used.

Section 5 Rooting and Propagation

5.5. 1 Roots and tillers should be stretched firmly according to specifications, just like planting tree roots. If necessary, 2-3 plants can be planted in one hole. Water in time after planting.

Section 6 Buried Transmission

5.6. Buried strips before and after1Tomb-Sweeping Day (April 5). Buried bed method is adopted, the row spacing is 60-70 cm, a ditch with a depth of 2.5-3cm is opened, and the bus bar is stubbled and buried in the ditch. Point burying refers to exposing buds where seedlings are left, and burying a mound between two points. The tiller height is1.5-1.8m. During the curing period, the soil should be cultivated at any time. No more than 3% of dry seedlings are eaten by dry pests.

Chapter VI Conservation Tillage

Section 1 Greenhouse

6. 1. 1 Seedbed, container seedlings and nutrient solution should be used for greenhouse cultivation. For field planting, the content of soil organic matter should not be less than 5%.

6. 1.2 Greenhouse should be used for seedling raising in four seasons, with heating, cooling, shading, ventilation, spraying and other equipment. The indoor temperature shall not exceed 30℃ in summer and 10℃ in winter.

6. 1.3 Greenhouse should have a special production plan and management method, which should be managed by professional technicians.

Section 2 Plastic shed

6.2. 1 Used for seedling propagation and overwintering of precious seedlings. Pay attention to windproof in winter and spring, and pay attention to ventilation and cooling in early spring to prevent physiological drought.

Section III Yang Qi

6.3. 1 Sunbed is mostly used for seedling raising in nursery in winter, and it is also used for overwintering of precious seedlings, so it should be managed by designated personnel.

6.3.2 When propagating, it is required to spread 1cm coarse sand on the surface layer and insert soil in the lower layer to facilitate the growth and development of seedlings. In winter, we should make full use of the bright sunshine to keep warm and promote photosynthesis. The substrate should be sterilized.

Chapter VII Seedling Transplantation

The first section seedling transplantation

7. 1. 1 breeding seedlings 1-3 years, which must be dug out of the seedbed and transplanted. Mainly transplanted in spring. Breeding seedlings in protected areas should be transplanted at any time according to the growth of seedlings.

Section II Transplanting of Big Seedlings

7.2. 1 It needs to be transplanted 2-3 times in the nursery, and the evergreen tree is transplanted with soil balls after the second transplantation.

7.2.2 In the process of seedling transplantation, it should be strictly protected to ensure survival.

Chapter VIII Tending Management

Section 1 Irrigation and Drainage

8. 1. 1 irrigation

A) Every winter, professional technicians must maintain irrigation equipment, including wells, pumps, sprinkler irrigation equipment and irrigation canals (pipes).

B) According to the habit of seedling irrigation, pine trees should be protected from flooding. In early spring, the seedlings should be fed with green water and the transplanted seedlings should be watered thoroughly. In May and June, plenty of water should be provided. In autumn dry years, attention should be paid to replenishing water for water-loving seedlings and pouring enough frozen water before winter. The freezing water for wintering and cold protection will be delayed.

8. 1.2 Drainage

A) Each nursery must be connected with a drainage ditch with a slope of 2-3 ‰.

B) Before the end of June every year, the drainage ditch shall be cleaned and dredged.

Section 2 intertillage weeding

8.2. 1 Weeding in intertillage requires the combination of manpower, animal power and machinery.

8.2.2 Weeding time of intertillage: No grass will be planted in nursery area, small seedling area, April, May and June. Transplanted seedlings should be cleared of weeds in May and June. Weeds around the big seedling area should be removed, and the lack of grass should be controlled in the rainy season. Manual weeding and chemical weeding should be combined.

8.2.3 Chemical weeding should be carried out step by step, especially in small seedling area and transplanted seedling area. There must be full-time personnel responsible for the implementation of chemical weeding and continuous experimental research. The dosage should be strictly controlled, and it should not be used without test.

Section 3 Seedling Pruning

8.3. 1 winter pruning:

A), mainly plastic surgery. Poplar, willow, peach tree, elm leaf plum, etc. The planned time to leave the nursery should be shortened. Other deciduous trees, such as Sophora japonica and Robinia pseudoacacia, should be pruned after excavation.

B) In evergreen trees, pine trees only prune more than 4 branches per round. Cypress only prunes a few long branches. Evergreen trees need to branch from the surface during nursery cultivation. Strive to raise dry seedlings alone.

C) Trees with severe bleeding, such as walnuts, should be pruned after germination. 8.3.2 The principle of summer pruning is diligent management and light pruning; Ensure the high growth of the main shoot, inhibit the lateral branches from exceeding the main shoot, balance the balanced growth of each lateral branch, excessively dense and sparse branches, and remove and control the sprouting buds and overgrown branches in time. Section 4 Fertilization 8.4. 1 fertilizer accumulation: Nursery should have professionals responsible for fertilizer accumulation, a professional team and a special fertilizer accumulation site. The task of annual fertilizer accumulation is that the total seedling area is 2 cubic meters per mu. 8.4.2 Nursery manure should be mainly composed of fresh weeds, leaves, straws, river mud, cattle, sheep, pigs, chicken manure, etc., mixed with soil, stacked, decomposed and ploughed before application. Organic matter content should not be less than 30%.

8.4.3 Application of base fertilizer a) Before each stubble-changing operation, 2.5 tons (2.5 cubic meters) of fertilizer shall be applied cumulatively per mu. B) Apply base fertilizer to the cultivated land in spring, and apply base fertilizer to the cultivated land in autumn (no ploughing in spring). C) The organic matter content in seedling breeding area, seedling cultivation area, experimental area and mother plant area shall be no less than 3.5%, and the organic matter content in seedling transplanting area shall be no less than 2.5%.

8.4.4 Top dressing a) In the year when seedlings are born and transplanted in the sowing area, top dressing is generally not required. If it grows too fast or lacks elements after autumn, phosphorus, potassium or missing elements can be supplemented appropriately through the leaves, and the concentration should not exceed 2‰. B) The key point of topdressing in nursery is to protect seedlings. The key period of topdressing is from late March to late June. C) The topdressing ratio of seedlings is: the topdressing ratio of deciduous trees is 4: 1: 1. The ratio of topdressing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for evergreen trees can be controlled at 2: 1: 1, and pure nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied as far as possible. D) Some weak seedlings can be foliar topdressing with mixed fertilizer, and the total concentration should not exceed 2‰.

Chapter IX Propagation and Support of Lawn Plants

Section 1 Propagation of Lawn Plants

9. 1. 1 lawn sowing and breeding; Seeds must be pure and germinated, with more than 0/000 plants per square meter/kloc. It is best to sow in August. 9. 1.2 clonal propagation of lawn; The time can be from May to August, and the row spacing of varieties with strong tendrils can be greater than 20×20cm. For varieties with slow germination and growth, the row spacing can be less than 20×20 cm.

9. 1.3 carpet lawn specifications, which can be cultivated according to the needs of subscribers.

Section 2 tending management of grass garden

9.2. 1 Lawn varieties must be pure, and the proportion of mixed sowing must be accurate.

9.2.2 Lawn is free of monocotyledonous weeds and thatch, and other annual monocotyledonous weeds shall not exceed 10% of lawn grass.

9.2.3 symmetrical growth, robust and normal color.

9.2.4 Lawns that have not left the nursery should also be trimmed regularly.

Section 3 Lawn outside the garden

9.3. 1 Grassroots leave the nursery; Dig grass, shake the soil, and pack baskets. The general root depth is 7- 10 cm.

9.3.2 The grass blocks leave the nursery; The lawn coverage rate of nursery is not less than 90%, and weeds shall not exceed 5% of lawn grass. The size of the grass block is 30×20cm, and the thickness is 5-7cm. Draft with load. When handling grass blocks, they should be supported by wooden boards and packed neatly.

9.3.3 Carpet lawn; Coverage should be above 95%, and rolling loading should be carried out at any time.

Chapter 10 Digging seedlings and going in

Section 1 digging seedlings

10. 1. 1 digging time; After the leaves fall in autumn. Trees with late leaves need their leaves to dry after frost. In spring, the roots begin to germinate, but they haven't germinated yet. Evergreen trees in the growing period should not be dug with soil balls. Pine trees must grow before or after they stop growing.

10. 1.2 root system (soil ball) requirements

A) The root diameter of bare-rooted seedlings should be 8- 10 times the diameter of deciduous trees, and the roots should not be split or cracked.

B) For shrubs, the root diameter should be 30cm at the height of 1m and 50cm at the height of 2m, and the crown size should be properly taken care of.

C), soil ball seedlings; The diameter of the soil ball is 8- 10 times of the ground diameter, and the aspect ratio is 5:4 for cypress and 4:5 for fir. The package is tight, and the straw ropes are 8cm apart. Over 70cm soil ball with double flower waist hoop. Earth balls with a diameter of more than 50cm shall be back-sealed.

10.10.3 The soil is too dry (the water content is below 12%) before digging seedlings, so it needs to be irrigated in advance. When digging bare root seedlings, they should be leveled in time, and after digging soil ball seedlings, they should be leveled, piled up and ridged in time.

Keep up in the second quarter

10.2. 1 follow in temporarily; After the seedlings are dug, they can't be transplanted immediately. If they leave the nursery or enter the ditch, they should be transplanted temporarily according to the variety specifications. The soil should be wet and fine. The time shall not exceed 5 days.

10.2.2 wintering heel in

A) The ditch bottom shall be located at a place with convenient transportation, good drainage and soil moisture of 15- 18%. The depth of the ditch should depend on the height of the seedlings, but the deepest part of the ditch should not exceed 80 cm.

B) Seedlings should be sown in the field, so that fine fluvo-aquic soil can penetrate into the gaps at the roots of the seedlings, and the seedlings should be covered twice, and all the seedlings should be buried tightly. Seedlings entering the ditch shall not have leaves.

C) Change each ditch. Two varieties or two specifications should be separated by 2-3m. Leave an inspection hole every 10 meter on both sides of the ditch bottom.

D) There should be a special person at the bottom of the ditch to check the varieties, specifications and quantity. Nail and draw on the ground before sealing the soil. Inspection should be strengthened before freezing (65438+February) and soil thawing (February).

10.2.3 Huojiao Heel

A), used for precious seedlings and perishable, fleshy root tree species, bare root seedlings filled with Xihe soil. Soil culture 1/2- 1/3 was used for soil ball seedling.

B) Living cellar can be covered with plastic film, covered with straw curtain, or covered with wood, straw and soil. But pay attention to temperature control and ventilation.

Section 3 Cold Protection

10.3. 1 wind barrier for cold protection: for seedlings that are afraid of freezing and air drying, wind barriers should be erected in the northwest, with the wind barriers being 2m higher than the cold-proof seedlings and the spacing between the wind barriers not exceeding 25m. A windbreak forest of Platycladus orientalis should be planted in the northwest wind direction in the area of precious and breeding seedlings, which is better than artificial windbreak forest.

10.3.2 Burying for cold protection: Young and dry soft seedlings can lie flat and be completely buried. Large seedlings can be cultivated in roots.

10.3.3 irrigation with frozen water for cold protection: this is the most widely used cold protection measure. The closer the irrigation time, the better the effect.

10.3.4 cold-proof plastic film: it can be laid flat on the seedbed and compacted with soil around it, and a small bow can be inserted under the plastic film. It can also be built in a plastic shed where seedlings are placed or planted. Use plastic film to prevent cold, and the surrounding area must be compacted. In some winters, it is necessary to shade properly to prevent the temperature in the shed from getting too high and losing water.

10.3.5 Other cold protection methods:

A) whitening: focus on the southwest side of the trunk.

B) Sprinkle horse manure on the ground.

C) The canopy is sprayed with transpiration inhibitor and substances reflecting sunlight.

Chapter 11 Seedling Out of Nursery

The first part of the nursery plan

11.1.1Determine that nursery seedlings must meet the standards of nursery seedlings and semi-finished seedlings. The seedlings planted in the nursery must be investigated one by one, and the statistics of varieties (including male and female plants), specifications, quantity, quality, etc. shall be registered, and a special person shall be responsible for it.

Section 2 seedling size Standards

Section III Other Provisions

1 1.3. 1 bare-root seedlings should be followed with fine fluvo-aquic soil immediately after emergence. During his stay in the heel, we must make sure that nothing will ever be done in the heel. The running-in period shall not exceed 20 days.

1 1.3.2 The soil balls with soil seedlings should be wrapped with straw bags and tied tightly with straw ropes. When you leave the nursery in the rainy season, you should dig with it.

1 1.3.3 flowering shrubs need to be listed when they leave the garden, indicating the variety and color.

1 1.3.4 Before leaving the nursery, prune diseased branches, insect branches, redundant branches and cracked roots according to the requirements of leaving the nursery.

Chapter XII Prevention and Control of Pests and Diseases

The first section prevention and control principles

12. 1. 1 Nursery should designate a person to be responsible for pest control, implement the policy of "prevention first, comprehensive management", strengthen the forecast of pests and diseases, and establish archives of key areas, diseases, pests and diseases.

12.10.2 according to the serious peak of pests and diseases of the main cultivated tree species in this nursery, the control plan is formulated. Create environmental conditions conducive to the growth of seedlings and inhibit the occurrence of pests and diseases, and use farming techniques, cultivation methods and biological, physical and chemical methods to carry out comprehensive control according to local conditions.

12.10.3 the provisions of the national regulations on plant quarantine shall be implemented, and varieties and seedlings that have not been quarantined shall not be introduced or exported.

The second section mainly prevents and controls the following diseases and insect pests

12.2. 1 root diseases and insect pests; Rhizoctonia solani, root rot, root cancer. Grubs, grubs, gray elephants, breeding flies, etc.

12.2.2 leaf diseases and insect pests; Rust and powdery mildew. Aphids, red spiders, etc.

12.2.3 branch diseases and insect pests; Rot is spread by moths, scale insects, etc.

12.2.4 Weed damage in seedling area.

The third section strictly implements the relevant provisions of the national plant protection regulations

12.3. 1 Choose chemicals to prevent seedling phytotoxicity.

12.3.2 Implement plant protection operation procedures to ensure personal safety and sapling safety.

The fourth quarter pest control effect, should meet the following standards

12.4. 1 The hazard rate of underground pests shall not exceed 5%.

12.4.2 The damage rate of Paragonimus villosum and Monochamus alternatus is less than 3%.

12.4.3 the first killing rate of red spider and aphid is not less than 90% and the second killing rate is not less than 95%.

Chapter XIII Scientific Research and Experiment

Section 1 scientific research topics

13. 1. 1 There should be full-time or part-time seedling technicians.

13. 1.2 scientific research experiment contents; In line with from shallow to deep, from simple to complex. The principle from now to the long term.

13. 1.3 learned the following;

A) Introduction and domestication of new varieties, serialization and purification of old varieties.

B) Research on new seedling raising technology, industrialized seedling raising, seed germination accelerating technology and new seedling raising technology.

C), soil improvement, fertilization technology, irrigation methods, plant protection, field weeding, cold protection measures, etc.

D) All measures to save money, accelerate the growth of seedlings, improve the service level for urban greening and reduce the labor intensity of workers are the contents of seedling research and test.

13. 1.4 theme selection

A) production is in urgent need, which can push production forward a big step.

B) Subjective strength and social conditions can be solved.

13. 1.5 to realize four implementations; That is, the implementation of tasks, measures, organizations and funds.

13.10.6 four things should be done at the end of the project experiment: results, records, experience and expert evaluation opinions.

Section II Promotion of New Technologies

13.2. 1 new technologies in society and scientific research achievements in nurseries need to be organized and vigorously promoted.

13.2.2 scientific research must be persistent.

Chapter XIV Technical Archives

The first section to establish a complete technical file

14. 1. 1 The production technology team is responsible for timely collection, systematic accumulation, scientific arrangement, analysis, mastering the seedling raising law and summing up management experience.

14. 1.2 The technical files mainly include:

A), seedling planting, nursery.

Natural conditions and changes such as climate, phenology, hydrology, soil quality and topography.

B) The development history, major events and plans of nurseries.

C) Develop nursery equipment, including production facilities, machines and vehicles, electric wells and underground pipelines (cables, telephone lines, sprinkler irrigation, water supply and drainage, etc.). ), has increased over the years.

Section 2 Technical Data of Seedling Raising

14.2. 1 seedling propagation information, including seed sources, root strips, germplasm identification, propagation methods, seedling rate, seedling yield, technical management measures, etc.

14.2.2 nursery tending, according to nursery plot records, including seedling varieties, planting specifications, dates, plant spacing, transplanting survival rate, annual growth, nursery seedlings and seedling preservation rate. Technical management, seedling cost, specifications, quantity, date, etc.

14.2.3 Other information

A) Single technical data of new technologies, new processes and new achievements.

B) Technical data of experimental area and parent area.

14.2.4 Operation and management status

A), nursery production plan, seedling plan, equipment installation and operation, etc.

B), personnel organization, technical education, assessment, seedling level development and changes.

C) Analysis of the production and operation status and economic benefits of the nursery.

Section III Statistical Data

14.3. 1 includes various statistical reports. Investigation summary report. Various appraisals, etc.

14.3.2 All kinds of data are sorted, catalogued, classified and filed by special personnel once a year.

Appendix I notes that:

1, the number of days of seed treatment refers to the date of seed soaking and sand storage to the date of seed excavation.

2. Seed germination during sowing: it means that the seed bud (radicle) is exposed until the radicle length does not exceed 1/2 of the seed diameter, and if it exceeds 1/2, it is waste seed.

3. Temperature: refers to the height of the louver from the ground 1.5m, and the greenhouse temperature also refers to the height from the ground1.5m..

4. Bottom water: After seeds are stored in sand to promote germination, the buds will touch dry soil, which will affect their survival. So water them first, and when the seeds are sown like water, half of the seeds will touch the soil after landing, and then cover the soil.

5. Wax-sealed scion: it is specially used for grafting deciduous trees. The scion was cut into 10- 12 cm, quickly immersed in common paraffin solution at 90℃ and wrapped tightly for grafting. Subcutaneous transplantation is often used.