First, the preparation work before potted plants
The preparation of cultivation soil and flowerpot is mainly carried out before the peony pot cutting. Peony is a kind of precious flower with deep roots and thick flesh. As a potted plant, there are few fibrous roots. However, the size of potted plants leads to the relative reduction of the nutritional area of roots, which is easy to make underground and aboveground parts malnourished, thus affecting the normal growth and development of potted peony. Therefore, in order to cut potted plants into living flowers, not only the cultivation management technology is strict, but also the cultivation soil needs to be scientifically prepared. Prepare the culture soil one month before potted plants. It can only be used after decomposition. According to the growth characteristics of peony. The cultivated soil should be loose, fertile, with high humus content, lasting fertilizer effect and easy drainage. The ideal formula of culture soil is that humus soil, horse manure, garden soil, coarse sand or slag are mixed in the ratio of 2: 1: 2: 1. And use human excrement to seal the rape and decompose it into a boat for later use. When planting for the first time, you can choose a smaller pottery pot with a diameter of 30 cm and a depth of 25 cm. When flowering, it can be changed to a caliber of 35 cm; A large earthen basin with a depth of 30 cm.
Second, the time and method of potted plants
The suitable time for potted peony is the same as that for field planting. Heze and Luoyang are generally suitable from the end of September to the beginning of 10, and premature planting is easy to "fall down"; It's too late, the roots grow slowly and the plants grow slowly. Even after flowering in the second year, they are easy to die. Before potted peony, the seedlings should be dug out and aired for 1-2 days to dehydrate and soften the roots, which is convenient for pruning and planting; Before planting, put the flowerpot into the pool to absorb enough water; When planting, first lay tiles on the drainage holes at the bottom of the basin to prevent soil leakage; Then spread pebbles or waste brown rope with a thickness of 2-5 cm to facilitate drainage. Prune peony seedlings before planting to balance the above-ground and underground parts; Beautiful and generous appearance; But also convenient for cultivation management. First, cut off the dead leaves and excessively long roots, and disinfect the roots with 1% copper sulfate solution for 5- 10 minutes. Then put the seedlings in the center of the basin for planting, and compact them by hand while filling the soil until they are 3-5 cm away from the upper edge of the basin.
After potted, the pot surface can be matched with plants such as Taihu stone, quartz stone, bamboo shoots, peony, etc., which not only increases the aesthetic feeling of potted peony, but also makes the pot surface green and full of vitality, and can also play a role in moisturizing and keeping warm.
Third, water.
Potted plants must be watered in time to maintain the normal water demand of snake gall because of their small capacity, little soil and limited water holding capacity. Water once after cutting, and water once every 3-4 days after pulling the soil wet to keep the potted soil moist. If the amount of water. The soil is too wet. It is easy to make the branches and leaves white and long, too wet or stagnant for a long time will rot the roots. Especially in summer and autumn, we should control the humidity of the basin soil, do not dry it, and do not water it. When it is dry in summer, boil water in the morning or at night, and don't water it as long as it is not too dry in autumn. Too wet buds flourish in autumn and will not bloom in spring.
Fourth, fertilization.
The nutrients in the basin are limited, and only timely topdressing can ensure the normal growth and development of peony. After soaking fermented sesame, peanut and bean cake, topdressing can be started from the following spring. When applying water, apply water 1-2 times a week during the growth period; Water can be poured once a day before and during flowering; After the flowers wither, they should be cultivated and lightly fertilized or sprayed on the leaves, and no topdressing is needed during winter dormancy.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) summer and drainage
Peony should avoid long-term rain, excessive humidity and hot summer. If it encounters long-term hot and humid weather, its leaves will be burnt and its roots will rot. In hot summer, potted peony can be moved under the seedling shed for shade, or buried in the soil for heatstroke prevention and cooling, and good drainage and ventilation can be maintained. When there is no rain, water should be sprayed on the branches and leaves every day to increase the air humidity to ensure the water supply during the flower bud differentiation period of peony. Pay attention to drainage in rainy season, and pour down the flowerpot in rainy day to prevent water from accumulating in the flowerpot. After flowering, spray 10- 15 days with bordeaux solution 150 times or Tobuzin solution/800- 1000 times to prevent and control diseases at that time. Peony root is sweet and vulnerable to ants or grubs. It can be killed by 1000 times dichlorvos solution instead of water.
Six, pruning and wintering
In order to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of peony and concentrate nutrients, it is also necessary to carry out plastic pruning after falling leaves in autumn and winter. Cut off too dense branches such as parallel mouth, cross mouth, introversion and insect-proof mouth to keep the plant in a beautiful shape. Late autumn and early winter. Shedan can be buried in the soil, with branches exposed outside the ground soil, and the top can be protected by grass or soil. Others put the flowerpots directly into the cellar for the winter, remove the plastic film in the spring of the next year, go out of the kiln as usual, and put them in a ventilated and sunny place to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water; Let it bloom naturally. Others are placed in greenhouses or plastic greenhouses to promote early flowering according to holiday needs. In order to make potted peony more beautiful and elegant in decorative modeling; When the flowers are about to bloom, you can put painted pottery and porcelain pots outside the original pottery pots; Put it in the spacious and bright hall or the exquisite basin frame or case in the main hall, which can better reflect the straightforwardness and luxury of peony.