Because of the habit of grape plants, trellis cultivation is generally used to make them grow and bear fruit normally. In the long-term cultivation process, the grape trellis is constantly improved and developed. Under the climate conditions of high temperature and high humidity in southern China, fungal diseases are serious. Although grapes do not need cold protection, rain-proof cultivation methods are generally suitable, such as T-frame, I-frame and H-frame.

(1)T-frame

A tree in the shape of "height, width and vertical" Generally, the plant spacing is (2.5-2.8) m× (1.5-2.0) m. After planting, when the height of new shoots reaches the first strand (generally,1.1.4m), two secondary branches will grow at the top. When the arm length reaches 80 ~ 100cm, take out the fruit seeds (the arm length should be determined according to the planting distance of grapes, generally, it is 1/2 plant spacing), take the trunk as the center, and evenly leave 3 ~ 4 secondary branches and ***6 ~ 8 branches on both sides of each plant, collect the fruit seeds in units of 50cm, and cultivate the mother branches in the second year. Leave 2-3 leaves on other secondary branches for post-treatment. When pruning in winter, prune 6 ~ 8 fruit branches. If the cutting diameter is greater than 0.6 cm, leave 4-8 buds for pruning, and tie them horizontally on the first line, otherwise cut them from the base. In the second year and later, 6 ~ 8 and 2 ~ 4 short fruit branches were gradually cultivated on both arms, and 9000 ~ 12000 buds were left every 667m2.

(2) Straight frame

Sawtooth forming technology is mainly used for horizontal scaffolding. The general plant spacing and row spacing of grapes are 2M and 6-8m. After each seedling is transplanted, a robust new bud is cultivated, a traction frame is set up, and all the secondary branches below the shed height (1.75-2m) are pulled out. After picking seeds from the sprouted secondary branches, select the secondary branches according to the growth trend, pull them to the opposite side, and then cultivate the main vines. The main vine continues to grow until it closes. Pull out the secondary branches on the main vine in time and grow perpendicular to the main vine to form fruit branches. The main vine grows 9 ~ 10 fruit branches per meter. Pruning of fruiting branches should be completed in winter, and 1 ~ 2 buds should be left on all fruiting branches (ultra-short branch pruning). In the second year of transplanting, the ultra-short branches are trimmed to the row spacing of 20 cm, and new branches (fruit branches) are selected from the mother branches, and then drawn perpendicular to the main vines.

(3)H-shaped frame

H-shaped pruning is mainly used for flat crown cultivation, that is, on the basis of sawtooth tree, four H-shaped main vines are formed by dividing two branches, with a spacing of 2 ~ 2.5m, a length of 5 ~7m and a row spacing of 50m 2[ number of plants (10 ~ 14) m ×5m], and planting every 667m2. The distance between the fruit on the main vine and the mother branch is 20 ~ 25 cm. Prune the short branches and leave 1-2 buds, and bear 960 ~ 1680 branches per 667m2. If two buds on a fruit branch produce two fruit branches, leave the branch at the base. If the base branch has no flowers, keep the flowering branch. H-pruning is suitable for short branch pruning. The shelf table is high, the management is simple, and it saves labor and time; Good lighting conditions and quality; Buds are easy to form and have good quality; The buds are neat, the new buds grow gently, the grapes mature evenly and the commodity value is high. The tree structure is simple and easy to prune; Early fruit setting, easy high yield and good yield stability.

The above is the analysis and introduction of grape shaping frame for your understanding, study and reference, and I hope it will help you.