The biggest difference between bionic materials or biological materials and industrial materials is that they are used in physiological environment. Biomimetic materials transplanted into organisms should not have adverse effects on surrounding tissues and blood, that is, they are biocompatible, except calcium supplementation. In addition, the bionic materials implanted in human body should have sufficient mechanical properties, and should not be brittle fracture, fatigue fracture and corrosion damage, that is, they should have mechanical compatibility.
2 Compatibility Usually, bionic materials are used in very serious corrosive environment after being implanted into human body. For example, dental materials are used to contact oral mucosa, saliva, hard tissue teeth and the atmosphere. Plastic surgery materials are in contact with soft and hard tissues (such as tendons, bones and tendons) and are used in the state of being eroded by liquids such as blood, tissue fluid, lymph and joint lubricating fluid. Therefore, bionic materials should meet the following biological conditions: first, they are non-toxic, non-allergic and chemically stable; Second, it has good corrosion resistance; Third, there is no carcinogenicity and antigenicity; Fourth, it will not cause coagulation and hemolysis; Fifth, it will not cause abnormal metabolism; Sixth, it will not deteriorate in organisms and produce adsorbents and sediments.
The ultimate use form of bionic materials with mechanical properties is to manufacture acceptable organs or devices in the human body. Therefore, bionic materials must be compatible with the mechanical properties of human structures (including organs). Therefore, bionic materials should have the following mechanical properties: first, they have certain static load strength (including tensile, compressive, bending and shear strength); Second, it has suitable elastic modulus and hardness; Third, it has fatigue resistance and wear resistance; Fourth, it has good lubricity. Among them, solving friction and wear is the key to artificial joint materials.