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[Edit this paragraph] I. Geographical environment
Nanchong is a famous cultural city with a long history of 2200 years. It is one of the eight central cities in Sichuan Province and the central city in northeast Sichuan. Located in the middle reaches of Jialing River in the northeast of Sichuan Basin, it is the pearl of the ancient Jialing River, the famous hometown of silk and the prestigious fruit state, with an area of 12494 square kilometers and a population of 7.3 million. Geographical coordinates are 30 35' ~ 3151'north latitude, 0/05 27' ~106 58' east longitude, north-south span 165 km, and east-west span/kloc-.
[Edit this paragraph] 2. historical development
Nanchong was developed earlier, and its ancestors lived in the Neolithic Age. Xia Dynasty was the Guo kingdom, Yin Shang was the Ba kingdom, and Zhou was the Ba kingdom. During the Warring States Period, around 330 BC, the capital of Bazi was moved to Langzhong, Qin Huiwen and Wang destroyed Bazi in the ninth year, and Langzhong County and (now Chongqing) County were established in the eleventh year. Counties and counties in the Qin Dynasty were still built.
At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, Langzhong County established Han An (now Nanchong) and Guo Chong County. Xin Mang changed Han 'an County to Anxin County.
In the first year of Xingping in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Sheba County governed Langzhong, Xichongguo (renamed by Guo Chong) and Nanchong County (analyzed by Guo Chongjun). In the sixth year of Jian 'an, Ba County was changed to Brazil County, and the county governance moved to Langzhong, and the affiliation remained unchanged. During the Three Kingdoms, Shu Han, Western Jin Dynasty and Cheng Han, the county remained unchanged. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Langzhong was a county in North Brazil, which governed Xichong (county), Nanchong, Han An and Lamb (now Yilong).
During the Southern Dynasties and the Song Dynasty, counties in Brazil were gathered by modern people, and moved to Mianyang City to be settled by overseas Chinese, governing Langzhong (county governance), Han An, Xichong (western reform), Nanguo (Nanchong reform) and Lamb county. During the Southern Dynasties, the county was still built. In the Tang Dynasty, the former residence of Zhu De in Anhange, Nanchong, was located in the south of Lishan Mountain, with three counties in the territory, which governed Langzhou (Langzhong County), Langzhong (Langzhong reform, state and county governance), Sigong (now Langzhong State) and other 19 counties.
During the Five Dynasties, the state and county settings remained unchanged. In the later Tang Dynasty, Baoning Army was established in Langzhou and Yongning Army was established in Zhouzhou.
In the Northern Song Dynasty, there were three states, which governed Nanchong, Xichong and Xiangru 13 counties. Was transferred to Chengdufu Road.
In the Southern Song Dynasty, there was a 1 house in the territory, which governed Nanchong (Fuzhi), Xichong and Liuxi counties, Shunqing House in Tongchuan House Road, Langzhong in Zhou Lili Road (Zhouzhi), xin jing, Guo Feng, New Deal, Xishui County, Pengzhou Pengchi (Zhouzhi), Yilong, Yingshan and the south of the house.
In the Ming Dynasty, he was transferred to Sichuan Government Affairs Council, with two states in the territory, and governed Nanchong, Xichong, Pengzhou, Yingshan and Yilong counties in Shunqing prefecture, Langzhong (state) in Baoning prefecture, and six counties in the southern region.
In the Qing Dynasty, it was transferred to Sichuan Province, and its territory was located in North Sichuan Province, which governed Langzhong (Daofuzhi) and nanbu county in Baoning, Nanchong (Fuzhi) in Shunqing, Yingshan, Yilong and Pengzhou (county-level states).
At the beginning of the Republic of China, it was placed under the jurisdiction of Sichuan Province, where Jialing Road is located, and governed seven counties including Nanchong (Daozhi), Langzhong, Nanbu, Xichong, Yingshan, Yilong and Peng 'an (Pengzhou Reform). In 24 years of the Republic of China, China established theNo. 1 1 Administrative Supervision District, which governs Nanchong (district governance), Peng 'an, Yingshan, Yilong, Xichong and Nanbu counties. Langzhongli 14 administrative supervision area.
After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), the northern administrative region of Lichuan has jurisdiction over six counties including Nanchong (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), Nanchong, Xichong, Nanbu, Yilong, Yingshan and Peng 'an. It belongs to Nanchong District (now jiulong town, Yuechi County). 1952, it was withdrawn from northern Sichuan administrative region and transferred to Sichuan province, and Nanchong area was moved to Nanchong. The county under its jurisdiction remains unchanged, and Nanchong City is changed to Nanchong area. 1953, Jiange area was abolished and transferred to Langzhong County. Nanchong area was renamed Nanchong area on 1968. 199 1 year 1 month in Langzhong. In July, 1993, Nanchong area, Nanchong City and Nanchong County were abolished, and Nanchong City (prefecture level) was established, which governed Shunqing (municipality directly under the Central Government), Gaoping, Jialing District and five counties of Xichong, Nanbu, Yilong, Yingshan and Peng 'an. Langzhong City is directly under the jurisdiction of the province and Nanchong City is under the jurisdiction.
[Edit this paragraph] III. administrative division
Shunqing District People's Government of Nanchong City. In 2003, the whole city administered 180 towns and 302 townships. In 2006, the urban built-up area was 57.4 square kilometers, and the permanent population of the city was 690,000. Dazhou in the east, Guang 'an in the south, Suining and Mianyang in the west, Guangyuan and Bazhong in the north. It governs Shunqing District, Gaoping District, Jialing District, nanbu county, Yilong County, Xichong County, Peng 'an County and yingshan county, and manages Langzhong City. The terrain is mainly shallow hills. The annual average temperature is about 17.5℃, with bloom in spring, refreshing summer monsoon, fragrant autumn and warm winter solstice. Area code 08 17, license plate number: Chuan R, postal code of each district and county: Shunqing District: 637000 Gaoping District: 637 100 Jialing District: 637500 Langzhong City: 637400 nanbu county: 637300 yingshan county: 637700 Peng 'an County:.
Shunqing district
General situation: The total area of the whole region is 555 square kilometers, including cultivated land 12666 hectares. It has jurisdiction over 4 sub-district offices, 27 communities, 25 townships, and 17 township neighborhood committees. 254 village committees. The total population is 628,900, including 358,900 non-agricultural people, with a birth rate of 6.08‰ and a natural growth rate of 2.38‰. In 2005, the GDP was 6.988 billion yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry was 669 million yuan, the added value of the secondary industry was 65.438+0.86 billion yuan, and the added value of the tertiary industry was 65.438+0.83/kloc-0.0 billion yuan. Grain output 149200 tons, oil output 12300 tons, road freight turnover 12240 1000 tons/km, passenger turnover 104967 million people/km. The revenue of post and telecommunications business was 838 million yuan, and the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 3,826,543.8 million yuan. The fixed assets investment of the whole society is 2.443 billion yuan, the fiscal revenue is139.93 million yuan, and the fiscal expenditure is 380.07 million yuan. The comprehensive strength of regional economy remains the first in the city. 4 institutions of higher learning with 66 1 10,000 students; There are 6 technical secondary schools with 8800 students; There are 38 ordinary middle schools with 42,500 students; There are 38 primary schools with 44,900 students; The enrollment rate of school-age children is 98.82%. There are 2 13 hospitals and health centers, with 2,828 beds and 3,387 health technicians.
gaoping district
Overview In 2005, the whole area was 8 12 square kilometers, including 20678 hectares of cultivated land. It has jurisdiction over 34 townships (towns), 1 office, 363 villages, 2,832 villagers' groups and 38 neighborhood committees. At the end of the year, the total population was 583,000, and the birth rate was 6.8‰, an increase of 0.34‰. The population growth rate was 2.7‰, an increase of 0.2 thousandths.
jialing qu
Overview In 2005, the area of the whole region was 1 170 square kilometers, with 33,784 hectares of cultivated land, a decrease of 0.9% compared with 2004 (the same below). The forest coverage rate was 23.0%, an increase of 0.2 percentage points. It governs 552 villages in 48 townships, with a total population of 675,000 at the end of the year. The birth rate was 10.5‰, down by 0.7 thousandth. The natural population growth rate is 3.6‰, decreasing by 1.4‰.
the ancient city of langzhong
Overview In 2005, the city's area was 1.878 square kilometers, including 34,358 hectares of cultivated land, a decrease of 0.59% compared with 2004. The forest coverage rate was 42.3%, and 733 hectares of farmland were returned to forests. It has jurisdiction over 2 1 town, 25 townships and 3 sub-district offices, with a total population of 858,257 at the end of the year. The birth rate was 5.57‰, an increase of 0.27 ‰; Natural population growth rate? 0.77‰, continuing to show negative population growth.
Southern county
Overview nanbu county is located in the north of Sichuan Basin and in the middle reaches of Jialing River, with an area of 2,235.56 square kilometers, covering 13 districts, 8.3 townships (offices) and 1099 administrative villages (neighborhood committees). The total population is 1.25 million, ranking ninth among the nine counties with a population of/kloc-0 in the whole province, including agricultural population 1.05 million and population density of 555/km2. The territory is dominated by shallow hills and deep hills, and the altitude is generally 400-700 meters (the highest is 826 meters and the lowest is 298 meters). The annual sunshine hours 1409 hours, and the annual average rainfall 1020 mm are subtropical humid climate. With a forest coverage rate of over 40%, it is an advanced county for greening in China.
xichong county
Overview In 2005, the county's land area was 1 108.4 square kilometers, including 32,436 hectares of cultivated land, a decrease of 1.4% compared with 2004 (the same below). The forest coverage rate is 38%, returning farmland to forests 1066 hectares; Administer 32 townships, 595 villagers' committees, 2 1 community neighborhood committees and 5657 village (residential) groups in 15 town. At the end of the year, the total population was 630,500. The birth rate was 7.4‰, down by 0.6 thousandth; The natural population growth rate was 3. 1‰, an increase of 5.6‰.
Yilong county
Overview In 2005, the county's land area was 1767 square kilometers, including 42,000 hectares of cultivated land, an increase of 2.5% over 2004 (the same below). The forest coverage rate was 35.3%, and 666.67 hectares of farmland were returned to forests. It governs 7 1 town (township), with a total population of 1065700 at the end of the year. The birth rate is 5.4‰, minus 0.43 ‰; The natural population growth rate is-1. 1‰ and negative 1.59‰.
yingshan county
Overview In 2005, the area of welfare workers in the county was 1632.90 square kilometers, including 36,342 hectares of cultivated land, an increase of 0.63% over 2004 (the same below). The forest coverage rate is 32%, and 587 hectares of farmland are returned to forests. It governs 62 townships and 2 sub-district offices, with a total population of 959,400 at the end of the year. The birth rate is 8.2 ‰; The natural population growth rate was 3. 1‰, down by 0.9 thousandth.
Peng 'an County
Overview In 2005, the county's land area was 1.334 square kilometers, including 30.47 million hectares of cultivated land, with a forest coverage rate of 32.3%, and returning farmland to forests 1.467 hectares. It governs 46 towns (townships), 1 sub-district office, with a total population of 607,700 at the end of the year. The birth rate was 5.74‰, an increase of 0.23 ‰; The natural population growth rate is 0.79‰, with an increase of 1.33‰.
[Edit this paragraph] 4. Historical event
The peasant army in the Great West and the Qing army competed for Shunqing.
In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1644), on the first day of August, Li Zicheng occupied Shunqing City (now Nanchong City) with more than 65438+100000 people led by Kyle. That month, Zhang sent troops to attack northern Sichuan. Kyle led the army to withdraw from the north, lost in Mianzhou and returned to Hanzhong. Shunqing City was occupied by Zhang's Daxi peasant army. Liu Jinzhong and commander-in-chief Ma Yuan are stationed in Shunqing City. The officers and men of the Ming Dynasty in Shunqing Prefecture reported that Yingrui, Feng Youqing and Yin Chengzuo surrendered to the peasant army.
Soon, Ma Yuanli was sent to Suining, and Yin Chengzuo went with him. Yin secretly instigated Feng and Qiao to say, "Zhang wants to kill all the soldiers in Sichuan." Feng and Qiao returned to Shunqing and established the history of Shunqing magistrate in the Ming Dynasty. On the second day of the first month of the following year, Liu Jinzhong led the Western Expeditionary Army to March into Shunqing from south to north along Jialing River, and attacked for seven days in a row. None of them were captured, so he detoured north to Guangyuan. On the seventh day of September, Zhang Qin led the marked army to attack Shunqing. Ma Yuanli died in Ma Bird Creek in the southwest of the city. On the ninth day of September, the Great Western Army captured Shunqing, and two traitors, Joe and Feng, were punished. Magistrate Shi set fire to the city, and then hanged himself in the south gate tower.
After Zhang was killed in Fenghuang Mountain in Xichong, the army of the Western Expedition retreated to Chongqing. Wang Mingcheng, the company commander under the banner of the Ming Dynasty, occupied Shunqing City. In the first month of the fourth year of Qing Shunzhi (1647), Du Junen, the deputy general soldier, surrendered to the Qing army. In the eighth year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (165 1), the remnants of the Daxi peasant army, which had fought against the Qing Dynasty jointly with Nanming, were led by Liu Wenxiu in the Northern Expedition, and occupied Shunqing in September of the lunar calendar, surrounding Baoning Prefecture (now Langzhong County). Liu Wenxiu was defeated in Langzhong and returned to southern Sichuan. Shunqing was occupied by the Qing army. In the eleventh year of Shunzhi (1654), Zhai Wenxuan led an army to attack Shunqing and was defeated by Li, the governor of the Qing army. At this point, Shunqing was controlled by the Qing army.
Shuntian army besieged Shunqing.
In the ninth year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1859), a peasant uprising led by Lan broke out in Zhaotong, Yunnan Province, which was called "Shuntian Army" in history.
In the 11th year of Xianfeng (186 1), in April of the lunar calendar, He and Xie Dajiao (whose real names are unknown) led the troops to attack Shunqing from Pengxi. The Qing soldiers were defeated by Xiao Laojun in the western suburbs of the city, and the peasant army occupied Xishan on April 14, almost forcing Nanchong City. The next day, the rebels attacked the city, and fought fiercely with the Qing soldiers guarding the city in Yong 'an Bridge (up and down the present West Bridge) outside the Daximen Gate, with casualties on both sides.
16, outside Kanluoji (now Sichuan Sericulture School), the insurgents set up a pontoon bridge and crossed the Xihe River in a big way. The female general "Xie Dajiao" led the troops to attack the south gate from the Huan Zi River, but failed to capture it after a day of fierce fighting.
17, the peasant army attacked the city in two ways: north and south. The siege lasted for 23 days, but it didn't go down. Then retreat, go north along the river and surround Mianzhou (now Mianyang City). In June, the Qing court transferred Luo to lead the Xiang army into Sichuan and settled in Shunqing. On June 15, Huang, commander-in-chief of Xiang Army, chased Shuntian Army to Yanziwo, Erlangchang, Dingyuan County, and was beheaded by Shuntian Army.
Zhang defeated Xichong.
/kloc-in the summer of 0/643 (in the 16th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty), Zhang, the leader of the peasant uprising army, captured Wuchang, captured Zhu Huakui alive and drowned in the river. Distribute the money of the king of Chu to help the hungry, and the people are happy, and "Qi, Huang and other counties" have come back.
Zhang Yu 1644 (17th year of Ming Chong) once again entered Sichuan. He used the tactics of "marching to attack the enemy" to capture Chengdu and establish the Daxi regime. The year number is "Dashun" and Chengdu is Xijing. Set up "the governor's office and other six departments and five armies to cast an inch of light on Bao Tong", and appointed Sun Kewang and Li Dingguo as generals to "severely suppress the landlord's resistance.
/kloc-in the winter of 0/646 (the third year of Qing Shunzhi), the Qing government sent troops to Sichuan to suppress the peasant army; At the same time, luring the peasant army led by Zhang was rejected. 1647 65438+10.2 (November 27, the third year of Qing Shunzhi) Zhang Jun was killed when he met the Qing army in Fenghuang Mountain in Xichong, northern Sichuan.
Battle of Yinan
Occurrence time:1933 August 12 ~ 27.
Location: Yilong County, nanbu county, Sichuan Province.
On August 1933 and 12, Hong Jiu Army attacked in the direction of Yilong. In Yinjiapu, he joined forces with the enemy Li Weibu 1 regiment, annihilated more than 200 of them, and the rest fled to Langzhong. The main force of Hong Jiu Army attacked Yilong City and its peripheral strongholds, such as Xinglong Field, Huang Lin City, Rixing Field and Fengyichang, and one of them went south circuitously and surrounded Tumenpu. Each department immediately organized a team to carry out tactical strikes against the enemy at night, consuming and exhausting the enemy. After about 1 week of continuous operations, they successively captured the above-mentioned peripheral strongholds and annihilated the enemy 1 more than one regiment.
On the 23rd, it captured Yilong City, wiped out 2 enemy battalions, captured more than 300 enemy soldiers and seized more than 400 guns. After the occupation of Yilong, the Hong Jiu army pushed westward, and the enemies in this area retreated to the west of Jialing River. One part of Hong Jiu Army seized the New Deal Dam on the east bank of Jialing River, and the other part reached Hongshanchang, occupying a large number of salt wells in this area. At the same time, the Red Thirty-one Army attacked Guangyuan and successively captured Yuanbazi, Hongtuguan and Qianfoyan, forcing the enemy to retreat westward to the Yinjiagou-Jiuhuayan line.
18, after fierce fighting, captured Liulinzi, an important town in the southeast of Guangyuan City, annihilated 1 surplus people, threatened Guangyuan City, and developed to A Qiang in Nanning, Shaanxi Province (now Ningqiang) with one hand. A division of the Red Thirty Army also reached the periphery of Cangxi and confronted the enemy, which made the enemy afraid to go out and effectively cooperated with the Hong Jiu Army's combat operations. The campaign lasted for half a month, * * * annihilated more than 3,000 people in Tanabe and seized more than 0/0,000 guns. The Soviet area expanded to the whole territory of Yilong County and the east bank of Jialing River in Guangyuan, Zhao Hua, Cangxi, Langzhong and Nanbu counties, and controlled a large area of well salt producing areas.
Event importance:
The significance of this war lies in expanding the Soviet area, ensuring the supply of edible salt for the soldiers and civilians in the Soviet area, and breaking the economic blockade of the Kuomintang army on the Soviet area.
Yunshan-one of the eight pillars of Zhou Shu's resistance to Mongolia
At the end of the Song Dynasty, Mongols invaded the Central Plains on a large scale, and the gold was destroyed in 1234. The Song Dynasty also sent troops to the north to restore the Central Plains, and war broke out between the two sides.
Yu Jie, a native of Zhouqi, Hubei Province, was appointed as the envoy of Sichuan. He resisted the Mongolian army by guarding the point and not guarding the line. Yunshan is located in the south of Lizhou (Guangyuan), Langzhong and Bazhou (Bazhong), which is a military important place. In order to resist Mongolia, Pengzhou, Pengchi, Langchi (Yingshan) and Xiangru all moved to Yunshan. Yu Jie also inspected the mountain city for combat readiness.
/kloc-in 0/250, the Mongolian army set out from Hanzhong, Cologne Middle and Tongguzhai and advanced to Yuncheng. The military and civilians of Yuncheng City make use of the favorable geographical advantages and stick to it wholeheartedly. The walls of Yanshanzhai are steep, and the top of the mountain is flat and wide, so the Mongolian army can't give full play to their cavalry advantages and repeatedly attack and lose. Soldiers and civilians preparing for the mountain killed the mounts of Mongolian coach Wang Dechen and his brother Wang Zhichen, forcing Mongolia to retreat.
1253, Lizhou (Guangyuan) fell, and Song Jun, northern Sichuan, retreated to Yunshan. 1258, Meng Ge personally marched into Sichuan and besieged the Song Dynasty on three sides. He set off from Liupanshan in Gansu and descended the Jialing River. The main troops of the Mongolian army were stationed and transported down the mountain. Meng Ge personally commanded the operation, and the soldiers and civilians in Yunshan fought bravely under the leadership of Shi Zeshan in Lizhou. In the end, he was outnumbered and sacrificed heroically.
1259, Meng Geke Peng 'an Yunshan and Nanchong Qingju Mountain advanced on Hezhou and met the loyal opposition of Hezhou ruler under the fishing city. Wang Jian took advantage of the solid city defense and flexible tactics of Fishing City, and fought fiercely for several months, killing Wang Dechen, the forward coach of the Mongolian army, and Mengge, the great Khan of Mongolia. The Mongols were forced to retreat. 1260, Kublai Khan inherited the Mongolian khanate and continued to attack Sichuan. 1276, when the Song Dynasty perished, Wang Jianbu still held on to Hezhou in Zhangjue. 1278, Mongols attacked Hezhou from Chengdu. Being outnumbered, Song Jun all died in Chungking. Song died on 1279.
The Red Army is in Langzhong
1June, 933, the 11th Division of the Red Fourth Front Army (later expanded to the Red Thirty Army), led by its teacher Ni Zhiliang and political commissar Li Xiannian, entered Laoguanchang and Sanmiaochang on the northeast border of Langzhong in two ways, and successively occupied a large area of land east of the East River to which Langzhong belonged. On September 4th of the same year, Xu, the deputy commander of the army, led his troops to Langzhong Waterscape, where Langnan Suvier was established on September 6th.
1In late March of 935, the main force of the Red Fourth Front Army successfully crossed the Jialing River. On 3 1 in the same month, it conquered Langzhong county, then moved westward, and occupied a large area of land west of Jialing River belonging to Langzhong in early April. During this period, Langzhong Soviet and Zhongfa Soviet were established in the county. In the three years since the Red Fourth Front Army moved to Langzhong, four county (city) Soviets have been established in stages, with an area of 1885 square kilometers and a total population of more than 472,900, which has become an important part of the Sichuan-Shaanxi revolutionary base area. 1In late April, 935, the Red Army retreated northward and Soviet institutions at all levels disappeared.
The militia attacked Shunqing.
In the second year of Xuantong in Qing Dynasty (19 10), members of the League successfully staged an armed uprising in Guang 'an Prefecture, and on June165438+1October 2 1 day, the military government of the northern part of Lida Khan and Shu was established.
In September of the following year, the military and political chief Zeng Shengzhai (pseudonym Wu) led the Third Brigade of the People's Army. The first brigade attacked Nanchong via Yuechi County, and the second brigade of the People's Army attacked Pengzhou (now Peng 'an County). The revolutionary army occupied Wufeng Mountain, He Qingyun led a team to occupy Baita Temple in heming, Jiangdong, and Tang Zhiping led a team to occupy Faxing Temple on the south bank of Huan Zi.
The Qing soldiers guarding the city were ready, and the civilian army could not attack the city violently. Commander-in-Chief Zeng Shengzhai led his troops to charge in front of Wufeng Mountain, but unfortunately he was shot and injured. He Qingyun saw that the commander-in-chief was injured, and the assistance of Pengzhou People's Army was blocked in the middle, so he decided to retreat. Zeng Shengzhai went south to Chongqing for treatment, and the battle of Shunqing came to an end.